Robotics in Healthcare

Biomechatronics & Bio-robotics Physical Therapy & Human Movement Science

Fac. of Mechanical Engineering Feinberg School of Medicine

Delft University of Technology Northwestern University

The Netherlands Chicago, USA

Prof.dr. Frans C.T. van der Helm

Contents

• Robots

• First generation automated systems

• Trajectory control

• Second generation intelligent (bio)robots

• applications

• Applications in healthcare

• Rehabilitation robots

• Diagnostic robots

• Exoskeletons

• Gyrobackpack

• Smart Rollator

• Charlie

Toyota Camry factory

I-robot

Will robots steal our jobs?

Don’t we need more robots?

Electrical engineering & computer science

Architecture

Aerospace engineering

Mechanical engineering

Industrial design

Technology, policy and management

cooperation between 6 faculties

• Humans & robots working side by side

• Large potential for food, agriculture, building industry, logistics, etc.

Human robot collaboration

Service robots, exoskeletons, teleoperation & haptics

Interactive service and healthcare robots

Integration of robots in human society

• Robot: Computer with hands • Actuation on environment

• Important issues • Safety • Level of autonomy • human-robot interaction

• Physical and cognitive levels • collaboration and shift of authority between humans and robots

• Acquired intelligence • Machine learning • Global learning: all robots learn together

• Robot responsibility • Insurance • Ethics, morality

Sense of urgency

• Lack of manpower in westernized societies

• More added value per employee in production in order to keep up our wealthy standard of living and to compete with low wage countries

• Many new applications and services will evolve, similarly as has happened after the introduction of computers.

• Competition between westernized countries (Germany, USA, Japan, China) in modern manufacturing in important areas as agriculture, high-precision devices, high-variety products, etc.

11

16.12.2015

Less people to take care...

...from 11,75 working people per

senior in 1950...

...to 3,90 in 2050...

Robotics in Healthcare

• Physical assistance of healthcare workers

• Rehabilitation

• Patient lifting

• Assistive devices

• Exoskeleton for walking

• Gyrobackpack for balance

• Care robot

• Robot companions

• Charlie

• LEA: Lean Elderly Assistant

Rehabilitation Therapy

LOPES University of Twente

Diagnostic robots

• Neurological disorders

• Impose force perturbations and measure responses

• Estimate reflex strength

• Modulation is poor in stroke patients and Parkinson’s disease

Human / Robot Physical

Interface

1. Assistive device for lifting patients

2. Collaboration between caregiver and robot

Science

• Interaction Paradigm

• Influence the design and control methodology

17-6-2016 17

Robot

Robot

H-R-L R-H-L

Anthropocentric Robocentric

Challenge the future

Delft University of Technology

Assistive devices

Exoskeleton for paraplegics

Building an exoskeleton for people with a spinal cord

injury

Paraplegia

Mechanisch Control & HMI Elektrisch Management PR & Financiën

Project MARCH

What is an exoskeleton

Bron:Ekso bionics

ReWalk Indego Mindwalker

Symbitron-MINDWALKER

“Through the organisation of the Cybathlon we want to remove barriers between people with

disabilities, the public and technology developers.”

Stepping

Stones

Tilted Path Stairs

The Pilot - Claudia Bosch-Commijs

36 Collaboration with RIC (PI Vallery)

[Lemus & Vallery: “Towards Gyroscopic Balance Assistance: Proof of Concept”, EMBC 2014]

Wearable Balance Assistance

Challenge the future

Delft University of Technology

Robot Companions

40 Collaboration with RIC (PI Vallery) http://www.pal4u.eu

Charlie

Child’s pal for diabetes self-management

• Autoimmune disease

• Deregulation of blood glucose

• No cure, life-long insulin therapy

• Structured and disciplined life

• Left out by peers

http://www.pal4u.eu

A pal for almost a year!

• Robot at hospital and diabetes camps

• Avatar at home, school, …

Marc Neerincx (TU Delft)

44 16.12.2015 Strictly confidential

LEA: Lean Elderly Assistant

• LEA is an autonomous

stroller

• that helps you live an

independent live

• supports walking, sitting

and standing

• gives you exercises and

dances with you

• comes to you when you

call her

• reminds of appointments

and to-do’s

• communicates with family

and friends

• alerts when falling, and

calls the caregiver

45 16.12.2015 Strictly confidential

tablet, mic and speakers force-sensitive handgrips

2 strong motors

featherlight feel

stable base front&rear

camera

height

adjustment

obstacle

detection

LEA

Robot Care Systems bv

Maja Rudinac, CEO

Robot Care Systems

Taco Scheltemastraat 5

2597 CP The Hague

The Netherlands

m.rudinac@robotcaresystems.com

www.robotcaresystems.com

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Heemskerk Innovation Technologies b.v.

Zorgrobot ROSE

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Future plans: “Seamlessly integrating robots in human society”

• Nationwide consortium on robotics

• TUD, TU/e, UT, VU, RU, UU

• Robots as new species in evolution:

• Global learning

• Simple and dedicated vs complex and general

• Domesticating robots !

• Safety, responsibility, psychology, social sciences

• Robot ‘free zone’ in the city of Delft

• Application areas:

• Home, public environment, industry, agriculture, healthcare

Take-home message

• New generation of robots is under way

• Assisting care givers

• Assisting patients

• Becoming a companion