PROTEINThe Unit Of Living Organisms

04

/13

/20

23

2

PROTEIN

o Protein is one of the basic building blocks of the human body.

o Body makes Proteins itself by the process of translation.

04

/13

/20

23

3

04

/13

/20

23

4

PROTEIN THE UNIT OF LIVING ORGANISMS

Structural proteins Regulatory or hormonal proteins Enzymes (catalytic proteins) Transport proteins Immune Proteins Contractile Proteins Storage Proteins

04

/13

/20

23

5

PROTEIN THE UNIT OF LIVING ORGANISMS

Structural Proteins fibrous and stringy and provide support. e.g.; include keratin, collagen, and elastin.

Hormonal Proteins messenger proteins which help to coordinate

certain bodily activities. e.g.; insulin, oxytocin, and somatotropin.

04

/13

/20

23

6

PROTEIN THE UNIT OF LIVING ORGANISMS

Enzymes (catalytic proteins) proteins that facilitate biochemical reactions. increase the rate of a reaction. act specifically with only one reactant (called a

substrate) to produce products. If even one enzyme is missing or defective, the

results can be disastrous. e.g.; lactase and pepsin.

04

/13

/20

23

7

PROTEIN THE UNIT OF LIVING ORGANISMS

Transport Proteins are carrier proteins which move molecules from

one place to another around the body. e.g.; hemoglobin and cytochromes.

04

/13

/20

23

8

PROTEIN THE UNIT OF LIVING ORGANISMS

Immune Proteins(Antibodies) specialized proteins involved in defending the

body from antigens (foreign invaders). Contractile Proteins

responsible for movement. proteins are involved in muscle contraction and

movement. e.g.; actin and myosin

04

/13

/20

23

9

PROTEIN THE UNIT OF LIVING ORGANISMS

Storage Proteins a source of amino acids for growing organisms, serve as reserves of metal ions and amino acids can be mobilized and utilized for the

maintenance and growth of organisms. particularly prevalent in plant seeds, egg whites,

and milk. e.g.; ovalbumin and casein.

04

/13

/20

23

10

PROTEIN AS NUTRIENT

Around 40% of the body’s dry matter is protein.

If body loses more than 14% of its Protein store, it could lead to severe health consequences. Loss of muscle mass causing physical weakness. Fatigue A weakened immune system. Abnormal blood clotting. Kwashiorkor Marasmus Brittle nails

04

/13

/20

23

11

04

/13

/20

23

12

REFERENCES

http://www.chemistryexplained.com/St-Te/Storage-Protein.html#ixzz1kaSRE4el

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK26830/

Book: Molecular Genetics Of Plants. Page # 116.

Book: Essential Cell Biology by Alberts. Bray. Johnson. Lewis. Raff. Roberts. Walter. Chapter # 5, Page # 133.

04

/13

/20

23

13