PRONOUNS There are five kinds of pronoun:

1 personal pronouns referring to people

2 demonstrative pronouns drawing attention (this, that, &c.)

3 relative pronouns subordinating conjunctions (who)

4 interrogative pronouns asking questions (which?)

5 indefinite pronouns e.g., ‘someone’, ‘all’

1 PERSONAL PRONOUNS These are categorised as follows:

1 subject pronouns the subject of a verb

2 direct object pronouns the direct object of a verb

3 indirect object pronouns the indirect object of a verb

4 disjunctive pronouns used alone or after prepositions

5 reflexive pronouns object pronouns (referring to the subject)

6 possessive pronouns showing possession (‘mine’ &c.)

A SUBJECT PRONOUNS

je tu il elle on nous vous ils elles

(only je can be shortened before a vowel (j’), though in informal speech tu is often

shortened to t’ )

B DIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS

me te se le la nous vous les y en before a vowel, me, te, se, le and la are shortened to m’, t’, s’ and l’.

object pronouns are placed in front of the verb, including the infinitive:

il faut le faire je les ai vus je la vois il me connaît

y This has the sense of ‘to’ and stands for to it, on it, in it, and there.

Es-tu allé à Paris? Oui, j’y suis allé. L’as-tu mis dans le tiroir? Oui, je l’y ai mis.

It also stands for à+pronoun after a verb:

Pense-t-il à son avenir? Oui, il y pense.

en This has the sense of some, of it, of them, from it, from them

Est-elle sortie de l’école? Oui, elle en est sortie déjà

Combien de pommes avez-vous? J’en ai trois.

It also stands for de + pronoun after a verb:

Tu te souviens de ce livre? Oui, je m’en souviens

As-tu vu la neige? Oui, le paysage en était couvert

C INDIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS

me te lui nous vous leur se

These all have the sense of ‘to’; lui means ‘to him’ and ‘to her’; leur means ‘to them’

Their position before the verb is AFTER the direct object.

The order in which pronouns are placed before the verb is as follows:

me le lui y en

te la leur

se

nous

vous NB: the first and third columns cannot be used together.

Exercise 113 [object pronouns]

1 I saw her. 2 I saw her there.

3 I gave them a book. 4 She gave him a present.

5 He gave me a kiss. 6 She promised him a book.

7 He gave it to her. 8 I gave him some.

9 I gave him one. 10 I gave him it.

11 I gave them it. 12 I gave it to them.

13 I gave him them. 14 We told them.

15 We have some. 16 I put it there.

17 I have been there. 18 I promised him it.

19 I put them there. 20 I didn’t put them there.

21 Are you thinking about it? 22 What do you think about it?

23 I came out at noon. 24 I have four.

25 I remember it. 26 I remember them.

27 The basket is full of them. 28 It’s covered in it.

29 I told him. 30 We allowed them to.

D DISJUNCTIVE PRONOUNS

moi toi soi lui elle nous vous eux elles There are ten different uses of the disjunctive pronouns, as follows:

[i] after the verb in an imperative

donnez-moi

[ii] after a PREPOSITION:

pour moi sans toi avec lui contre elle à eux

[iii] before a RELATIVE PRONOUN:

toi qui parles vous qui sortez

[iv] after C’EST and CE SONT:

c’est moi qui parle c’est lui c’est nous ce sont eux

[v] to express a DISTINCTION:

lui aimait son père mais eux le détestaient

[vi] used ALONE:

moi, je le sais qui l’a fait? — lui [vii] joined to ANOTHER SUBJECT:

ni moi ni lui ne serons contents

[viii] with MEME and SEUL: lui-même eux seuls sont coupables elle l’a dit elle-même

[ix] after QUE used with NE to mean ‘only’:

je ne blâme que lui il ne l’a dit qu’à moi [x] with a PAST PARTICIPLE [commercial use]

la lettre à moi adressé

Exercise 114 [use of disjunctive pronouns]

1 He did it for me.

2 I can’t do it without you.

3 Go to the cinema with him.

4 They are all against her.

5 He stood before them.

6 The person coming in: who is he?

7 I’m the one who’s speaking.

8 It’s him.

9 It’s us.

10 They’re the ones that wrote it.

11 He loves her, but they hate her.

12 I know who wrote it.

13 Who’s the culprit? He is!

14 Neither I nor my brother is guilty.

15 Neither he nor his friend is aware of it.

16 He himself promised to read it.

17 They alone are ready.

18 They are the only ones who are ready.

19 He only told me.

20 We only blamed her.

D REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS

me te se nous vous These are used when the subject performs the action upon himself and are the same as

the object pronouns.

elle se lave je me demande nous nous levons ils se lèvent

Reflexive pronouns can be direct or indirect, depending on whether or not the verb

takes à:

Elle s’est souvenue direct

Elle s’est demandé indirect because demander takes à

Nous nous sommes lavés direct

Nous nous sommes rappelé indirect because rappeler takes à

Elle s’est coupée direct

Elle s’est coupé le doigt indirect because doigt is the direct object

Exercise 115 [reflexive pronouns]

1 I wonder. 2 He wondered.

3 They wondered. 4 Shall we get up?

5 She remembered it. 6 She remembered it. use different verbs

7 She cut herself. 8 She cut her finger.

9 Get up! [sing.] 10 Get up! [plural]

E POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS Try not to confuse these with the possessive adjectives (mon, ton, son, &c.)

mine le mien la mienne les miens les miennes yours le tien la tienne les tiens les tiennes his/hers le sien la sienne les siens les siennes ours le nôtre la nôtre les nôtres

yours le vôtre la vôtre les vôtres theirs le leur la leur les leurs These are not normally used with être for possession. Use À instead:

Ce livre est à moi this book is mine

ces fleurs sont à eux these flowers are theirs

The use of possessive pronouns is to show possession when the noun is not repeated:

Her book is interesting, but yours isn’t

Son livre est intéressant, mais le tien ne l’est pas

Our flowers are yellow, but theirs aren’t

Nos fleurs sont jaunes, mais les leurs ne le sont pas

Do you like our idea? Yes, but I don’t like his.

Aimez-vous notre idée? Oui, mais la sienne ne me plaît pas

You will see that the gender and number of the pronoun depend on the noun it is

replacing. They have nothing to do with the gender and number of the possessor.

Exercise 116 [possessive pronouns]

1 These books are mine.

2 Those flowers are yours.

3 Yours [m] is smaller than mine.

4 His essay is good, but hers is much better.

5 Our books are heavy, but theirs are light.

6 My door is open, but his is closed.

7 His essay is more interesting than hers.

8 Theirs [f.pl] are more difficult than ours.

9 My book is blue but hers is green.

10 Your dog is better behaved than theirs.

2 DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS

These fall into two categories: INDEFINITE (not referring to a specific noun)

DEFINITE (referring back to a specific noun)

A INDEFINITE DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS ceci meaning: THIS, when it refers to something not yet

mentioned or perceived:

Let me tell you this … Que je vous dise ceci …

cela meaning: THIS or THAT, referring back to something

already mentioned.

The informal form is ça

That’s what I said. C’est cela que j’ai dit.

What’s that? Qu’est-ce que c’est que ça? This is intolerable. Cela est insupportable.

ce this is a neuter form which corresponds to the English

impersonal IT before a verb. It is never an object pronoun.

[a] used before être (sometimes preceded by an auxiliary verb)

espressing an impersonal subject:

c’est vrai ce doit être vrai c’est une fleur NB c’est rather than il est must be used when it is followed by

any form of article—definite, indefinite or partitive:

It’s a book c’est un livre

[b] before a ce becomes ç’ It was easy ç’a été facile It would have been difficult ç’aurait été difficile

[c] before qui, que and dont it translates “what” in a

statement:

I know what is possible Je sais ce qui est possible I know what you’re doing Je sais ce que tu fais I know what you need Je sais ce dont tu as besoin If there is a preposition, the ce is usually omitted:

I know what you’re thinking about Je sais à quoi tu penses

This construction is also used to translate “which”

when it refers back to a statement or idea:

He told lies, which didn’t please his father

Il mentait, ce qui ne plaisait pas à son père

[d] c’est replaces est after a subject infinitive:

Les oublier, ce serait un crime Travailler, c’est prier

[e] c’est is replaced by il est when de is followed by an

adjective:

It is easy to write this letter

Il est facile d’écrire cette lettre (BUT! It is easy to write = C’est facile à écrire)

[f] c’est is replaced by il est when followed by que and

a clause:

It’s obvious that you wrote this

Il est évident que vous avez écrit cela

In everyday speech you will hear people using c’est in this case

[g] ce is used pronominally (i.e. as a subject, object, or

after a preposition) in the following three cases:

pour ce faire in order to do it

ce disant having said this

sur ce whereupon

Exercise 117 [indefinite demonstrative pronouns]

1 I want you to look at this.

2 This is exactly what I said.

3 That is what he said.

4 What’s that on the table?

5 That cannot be tolerated.

6 This must be true.

7 It’s a new book.

8 These are my closest friends.

9 It was very hard.

10 It would have been quite easy.

Exercise 118 [indefinite demonstrative pronouns]

1 I know what is in your pocket.

2 What will happen tomorrow is not important.

3 I have heard what you were doing in the park.

4 We understand what is worrying you.

5 We know what you’re trying to do.

6 I understand what you need.

7 She told me what she remembered. [use se souvenir]

8 We wrote down what he was talking about.

9 I know what you’re thinking about.

10 I noticed what he wrote the letter with.

Exercise 119 [indefinite demonstrative pronouns]

1 He arrived late, which did not please his teacher.

2 They have finished their essays, which surprises me.

3 To read his private papers would be outrageous.

4 To work together is to ensure success.

5 It is difficult to understand his accent.

6 It is quite easy to read this book.

7 It is obvious that he’s lying.

8 In order to do it he bought a new pen.

9 Having said this, the teacher closed his book.

10 Whereupon the students stood up.

B DEFINITE DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS

These are: celui celle ceux celles

They must be followed by qui, que, dont, de (or other prepositions), ci & là

as in the following nine uses:

1 celui qui the one who, the one which, the person who — SUBJECT

celui qui l’a écrit / celle qui l’a écrit the one who wrote it, the person who wrote it

celui qui est sur la table the one which is on the table

ceux qui l’ont écrit the ones who wrote it, the people who wrote it

2 celui que the one whom, the person whom, the one which, the one that — OBJECT

celui que j’ai vu hier – celle que j’ai vue hier the one / the person I saw yesterday

ceux que j’ai vu hier – celles que j’ai vues hier the ones / the people I saw yesterday

ceux que j’ai achetés hier the ones which / that I bought yesterday

3 celui dont the one whose, the one of which, of whom

celui dont je ne me rappelle plus le nom the one whose name I no longer remember

ceux don’t je ne me rappelle plus le nom the ones, the people whose names I no longer remember

4 celui de to express possession where there is no noun

je préfère celui / celle de mon ami I prefer my friend’s

ceux de mon frère sont mieux que ceux de mon père my brother’s are better than my father’s

5 celui-ci this one, the latter (also celle-ci)

veux-tu celui-ci? do you want this one / the latter?

je préfère celle-ci I prefer this (one)

6 celui-là that one, the former (also celle-là)

voudrais-tu celui-là? would you like that one / the former?

7 ceux-ci these, or these ones (also celles-ci)

je voudrais prendre ceux-ci I’d like these

8 ceux-là those, those ones (also celles-là)

j’aime mieux ceux-là I prefer those

9 celui + preposition note that there is never a preposition at the end of the sentence

celui à qui j’ai donné l’argent the one I gave the money to

ceux pour qui je travaillais autrefois the ones I used to work for

celle avec qui je suis sorti the woman I went out with

celui avec lequel j’ai écrit la rédaction the one I wrote the essay with

Exercise 120 [definite demonstrative pronouns]

1 The one who wrote this is intelligent.

2 The person who wrote this is not intelligent.

3 The person I met yesterday.

4 The one I met yesterday.

5 The woman I met yesterday.

6 The people I met yesterday.

7 The ones [f] on sale in the market.

8 The ones [m] I bought this morning.

9 The person whose address I’ve forgotten.

10 The one you all need.

Exercise 121 [definite demonstrative pronouns]

1 I want to see my friend’s. [m sing]

2 I’d prefer to see his brother’s. [f sing]

3 The teacher’s [m plural] are more interesting.

4 The students’ [f plural] are more important.

5 Would you like to try this one? [m sing]

6 No, I’d rather try that one.

7 What about those? [f plural]

8 I’ll take the latter. [m sing]

9 She wants to read the former. [f sing]

10 I’d like these, please. [m]

Exercise 122 [definite demonstrative pronouns]

1 Could I buy those, please? [f]

2 The one I gave to book to. [m]

3 The ones he used to paint. [f]

4 The people I worked hard for.

5 The people I went to school with.

6 The people she was walking in front of.

7 The ones [f] I put the letters in.

8 The one [f] I was working for.

9 The people she obtained the money from.

10 The one he spoke to.

3 RELATIVE PRONOUNS [A] Relative pronouns without prepositions:

qui que dont These are used for people and things, and are the subject or object of a verb

qui is the SUBJECT pronoun and translates who, which, that

la personne qui a écrit cela the person who wrote that

la table qui se trouve là-bas the table which is over there

que is the OBJECT pronoun and translates whom, which, that

la femme que j’ai vue hier the woman that I saw yesterday

la table que j’ai achetée the table which I bought

les fleurs que nous avons cueillies the flowers we picked

dont denotes POSSESSION and represents DE + QUE

l’homme dont j’ai vu le fils the man whose son I saw

la table dont les pieds sont courbés the table whose legs are bent

le livre dont j’ai besoin the book I need (of which I have need)

le livre dont je me souviens the book which I remember

la salle dont je suis sorti the room I came out of

les œufs dont j’ai acheté six the eggs that I bought six of

le texte dont il parlait the text he was talking about

[B] Relative pronouns used after PREPOSITIONS:

qui lequel laquelle lesquels lesquelles

qui this is used only for PEOPLE and translates WHOM or THAT

Note that in French it is not possible to end the sentence with the preposition, which instead comes

immediately before the relative pronoun. Therefore The man I was writing to becomes The man to whom

I was writing.

La personne à qui j’écrivais The person I was writing to — the person to whom I was writing

L’ami avec qui je suis allé au théâtre The friend I went to the theatre with — the friend with whom I went …

lequel laquelle lesquels lesquelles for THINGS, translated WHICH

Remember to use the correct GENDER and NUMBER

Le stylo avec lequel il écrivait

The pen he was writing with — the pen with which he was writing

La table sur laquelle il mit le livre The table he put the book on — the table on which he put the book

Les tiroirs dans lesquels il gardait ses chaussettes

The drawers he kept his socks in — the drawers in which he kept his socks

Les haies devant lesquelles il plantait des fleurs

The hedges in front of which he planted flowers

When À and DE come in front of these pronouns they are combined:

auquel auxquels auxquelles duquel desquels desquelles (In the feminine singular the preposition stays separate: à laquelle de laquelle)

Le livre auquel il pensait

The book he was thinking about — the book about which he was thinking

duquel, etc., is used for PEOPLE when there is another preposition:

L’homme à la femme duquel il parlait The man whose wife he was talking to

The man to the wife of whom he was talking

Les élèves au professeur desquels nous parlions

The pupils whose teacher we were talking to

The pupils to the teacher of whom we were talking

lesquels is used instead of qui for PEOPLE after parmi:

Les étrangers parmi lesquels il vivait The foreigners he lived among — the foreigners among whom he lived.

Exercise 123 [relative pronouns]

1 The woman who gave me this book.

2 The chair which is on the left of the table.

3 The teacher I saw this morning.

4 The dogs I trained last year.

5 The woman whose daughter I married. [use épouser]

6 The book whose pages he tore out.

7 The elephants that I remember. [use se souvenir]

8 The pound coins that I need.

9 The hall I came out of.

10 The texts he was talking about.

Exercise 124 [relative pronouns]

1 The girl we are sending this present to.

2 The man I went to the theatre with.

3 The people I did the work for.

4 The boy I put the book in front of.

5 The teacher I put my trust in.

6 The friend he gave the essay to.

7 The pencil he was writing with.

8 The desk she put the documents on.

9 The cupboard he keeps his drinks in.

10 The wall he put the piano behind.

11 The dictionary he found the words in.

12 The drawer he got the socks out of.

13 The garden the police found the bones in.

14 The language he translated this passage into.

15 The essays he was thinking about.

16 The boy whose father he gave the money to.

17 The woman whose son he was talking about.

18 The French people we lived among.

19 The field we ran towards.

20 The window they were looking into.

4 INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS

These are the pronouns that ask QUESTIONS— who? whom? which? what? whose?

qui? who? whom?

This is used as SUBJECT and OBJECT, unlike the relative pronouns,

and also comes after a preposition.

Qui a fait ça? Who did that? — subject

Qui avez-vous vu? Whom did you see? — object

Avec qui a-t-il travaillé? Who did he work with? — after preposition

LONG FORM qui est-ce qui subject

qui est-ce que object

Qui est-ce qui a fait ça? Who did that?

Qui est-ce que vous avez vu? Whom did you see?

que? what?

This cannot be used as the subject, for which the long form should be substituted.

Qu’a-t-il fait? What did he do?

Que faites-vous? What are you doing?

LONG FORM qu’est-ce qui? subject

qu’est-ce que? object

Qu’est-ce qui est dans ta poche? What’s in your pocket?

Qu’est-ce que vous avez dit? What did you say?

quoi? what? — indeterminate, or after a preposition

C’est quoi, ça? What’s that?

Avec quoi a-t-il écrit cela? What did he write that with?

Sur quoi as-tu mis le livre? What did you put the book on?

À quoi pensait-il? What was he thinking about?

QUOI is also used in colloquial speech at the end of a sentence with the sense of isn’t it, don’t you

C’est difficile, quoi? It’s difficult, isn’t it?

à qui – de qui whose?

‘dont’ is not a question form, and so to translate the English question whose? one

of the above must be used:

À qui est ce livre? Whose is this book?

De qui avez-vous reçu une lettre? Whose letter did you receive?

À qui la faute? Whose fault is it?

De qui êtes-vous le fils? Whose son are you?

lequel? which? which one? which ones?

remember that this pronoun changes in gender and number.

Lequel de ces deux livres préférez-vous? Which [one] of these two books do you prefer?

Voici les fleurs. Lesquelles voulez-vous? Here are the flowers. Which ones do you want?

Lesquels de ces romans as-tu lus? Which of these novels have you read?

Sur laquelle de ces chaises étiez-vous assis? Which of these chairs were you sitting on?

Avec lequel de ces stylos a-t-elle signé la lettre? Which of these pens did she sign the letter with?

Exercise 125 [interrogative pronouns]

1 Who wrote this essay? [short form]

2 Who wrote this essay? [long form]

3 Whom did you see yesterday? [short form]

4 Whom did you see yesterday? [long form]

5 What did you do next? [short form]

6 What did you do next? [long form]

7 What are you reading at the moment?

8 What! You must be quite mad!

9 What did he carve the wood with?

10 What did she put the shopping on?

11 Here are three flowers: which would you like?

12 I have ten books: which ones do you want to borrow?

13 What is making all that din?

14 Whose is this exercise book?

15 Whose father is he?

16 Whose son did the teacher punish?

17 Which of these tables was he standing on?

18 Which of these pens did he use to write the book?

19 Who did you hear behind the door? [long form]

20 What did you say when you saw her? [long form]

5 INDEFINITE PRONOUNS

aucun none, not any, no one, not one

Je n’en ai vu aucun I didn’t see any. I saw none

Aucun d’eux ne l’a vu. None of them saw it.

Combien en avez-vous? Aucun. How many have you got? None.

l’autre the other, the other one

L’autre est dans le tiroir The other one is in the drawer

Tu as vu l’autre? Did you see the other one?

autrui other people

Il faut penser au bonheur d’autrui We should think of other people’s happiness

nul the same as aucun NB nullement = in no way

Nul ne sait d’où il vient No one knows where he comes from

pas un not a single one

Pas un n’a vu la voiture Not a single person saw the car

certains some people

Certains disent que cela n’est pas vrai Some people say it’s not true

chacun each, each one

Nous avons chacun notre livre We each have our book

Chacun a dit la même chose Each one said the same thing

personne no one (remember to use ne with a verb!)

Qui l’a dit? Personne Who said it? No one

Il n’aime personne He doesn’t love anyone

Personne ne l’a fait No one did it

autre chose something else

Parlons d’autre chose Let’s talk about something else

grand chose a lot, much — usually after a negative

Elle n’a pas dit grand chose She didn’t say much

quelque chose something

Elle a mis quelque chose dans sa poche She put something into her pocket

Voici quelque chose d’intéressant Here’s something interesting

peu de chose little, not much

Peu de chose les intéresse Little interests them

quelqu’un someone (the plural is quelques-un[e]s)

J’ai vu quelqu’un derrière le mur I saw someone behind the wall

Quelqu’un a dû l’y mettre Someone must have put it there

Voici les livres dont quelques-uns sont vieux Here are the books, some of which are old

Quelques-unes de ces fleurs sont rouges Some of these flowers are red

quiconque whoever

Quiconque ne veut pas le faire …

Whoever doesn’t want to do it …

rien nothing, not anything (remember to put ne with a verb)

Je n’ai rien fait I did nothing – I didn’t do anything

Rien ne lui fait peur Nothing frightens him

Elle n’a rien dit d’intéressant She didn’t say anything interesting

Qu’est-ce que tu as dit? Rien What did you say? Nothing

l’un … l’autre each (of two)

Ils s’aiment l’un l’autre They love each other

Ils s’y tenaient, l’un derrière l’autre They stood behind each other

Ils s’entendent bien, l’un avec l’autre They get on well with each other

les uns … les autres one another (more than two) / some … others …

Les uns dormaient tandis que les autres travaillaient Some were sleeping whilst others were working

Ils s’aiment les uns les autres They love one another

Il a mis les livres les uns sur les autres He put the books on top of one another

Ils s’entendent bien les uns avec les autres They get one well with one another

la plupart most (takes a plural verb)

La plupart des hommes se reposaient Most of the men were sleeping

Il en a mangé la plupart He ate most of it

plusieurs several (this can also be an adjective)

J’ai vu les élèves, dont plusieurs travaillaient I saw the pupils, several of whom were working

Plusieurs de ces livres sont déchirés Several of these books are torn

tout everything, all (takes a singular verb)

Tout est prêt Everything’s ready

Il n’a pas admis tout He didn’t admit everything

Il l’a fait tout He did it all

J’ai tout mangé I’ve eaten it all

tous everyone, all (plural) - (takes a plural verb & the s is pronounced)

Tous sont prêts All are ready

Nous l’avons vu tous We all saw it

Tous sont d’accord Everyone agrees

tout le monde everyone, everybody (takes a singular verb)

Tout le monde veut venir Everyone wants to come

Ne le dites pas à tout le monde Don’t tell everyone

NB ‘the whole world’ = le monde entier peu little

Peu l’intéresse Little interests him

Elle en a mangé très peu She’s eaten very little of it

un peu a little

Tu peux en prendre un peu You can take a little of it

Un peu de fromage A little cheese

tous les deux both (feminine = toutes les deux)

Tous les deux sont prêts They are both ready

Exercise 126 [indefinite pronouns]

1 I didn’t eat any.

2 None of the cakes were fresh.

3 The other one refused to speak.

4 I saw the other one in the cupboard.

5 He always worked for the wellbeing of other people.

6 No one can understand what he says.

7 Not a single one came to the film.

8 We didn’t see any of them there.

9 Some people believe that television is boring.

10 It might be difficult for some.

Exercise 127 [indefinite pronouns]

1 They each decided to go back home.

2 Each one gave his own account.

3 I met no one in the cathedral.

4 No one is coming to the concert.

5 She never helps anyone.

6 Did he say anything else?

7 We didn’t do much last night.

8 He put something on the shelf.

9 Can you tell me something new?

10 Is there anything interesting to do?

Exercise 128 [indefinite pronouns]

1 We didn’t find out much.

2 There was someone in front of me.

3 Someone must have seen them.

4 I saw a lot of people: some were tired.

5 Here are the apples: some are still fresh.

6 Whoever broke the window will be punished.

7 I didn’t hear anything.

8 They noticed nothing.

9 Nothing will prevent it.

10 There was nothing to do.

Exercise 129 [indefinite pronouns]

1 Some worked whilst others rested.

2 They hate each other.

3 They hate one another.

4 She placed the folders on top of one another.

5 The two boys stood behind each other.

6 They get on well with each other.

7 They get on well with one another.

8 Most of the girls worked harder than the boys.

9 Most of the books are expensive.

10 They worked with each other.

PRONOUNS USED WITH AN ADJECTIVE If you use an adjective to describe or modify a pronoun you must put DE in front of it

and make it MASCULINE.

There is nothing interesting to see

Il n’y a rien d’intéressant à voir What’s new?

Quoi de neuf?

I’ve got something bad to tell you

J’ai quelque chose de mauvais à vous dire He met someone new

Il a rencontré quelqu’un de nouveau There’s little of interest in the book

Il y a peu d’intéressant dans le livre There was no one visible

Il n’y avait personne de visible

Exercise 130 [pronouns with adjectives]

1 Is there anything interesting on the television?

2 There was no one well behaved in the class.

3 I’ve got nothing new to tell you.

4 There’s someone angry at the door.

5 What’s different?

6 There’s nothing plausible in his essay.

7 I’ve got something rather unpleasant to say.

8 She had something red on her arm.

9 Is there anyone intelligent in the hall?

10 There’s nothing harder than this exercise.