Procedure for Liquid Penetrant Examination

8/11/2019 Procedure for Liquid Penetrant Examination

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PROCEDURE FOR PROCEDURE NO. : PT1 LIQUID PENETRANT EXAMINATION REVISION : 11

DATE : 17.01.2007

PAGE NO. : 1 OF 6REV.

1.0 SCOPE :

1.1 This procedure covers Liquid Penetrant Examination technique and acceptance Standards which shall be employed whenever liquid penetrant examination is Specified in quality Plan or Request.

1. This procedure meets the requirements of !S"E #$P%& Section '( Section %(

Section %''' )iv. 1 and #*1.1.

1.* !ll materials and weldments of any shape or si+e shall be examined 1,,- unlesstherwise specified.

2.0 PENETRANT, PENETRANT REMOVER & DEVLEPOR

/ollowin0 nonfluorescent( solvent removable types of penetrant material 0roups onlyShall be used. 2o intermixin0 of penetrant materials from different 0roups is permitted.

2.1 GROUP 1

Pradeep Penetrant 3P

Pradeep &leaner 3P

Pradeep )eveloper 3P

2.2 GROUP 2

/errochem Penetrant /& 411

/errochem &leaner /& 511

/errochem )eveloper /& 611

3.0 SURFACE PREPARATION

*.1 Surface to be examined and all ad7acent areas within atleast 8.9 mm( shall be dry !nd free of all dirt( 0rease( lint( scale( weldin0 flux and spatter( paint( oil and other Extraneous matter that could interfere with the examination.


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DATE : 17.01.2007

PAGE NO. : 2 OF 6

REV.*. Surface may be in the as welded( as rolled( as cast or as for0ed condition. :oweverSurface preparation by 0rindin0 or other suitable means may be necessary in case of)oubt to resolve the actual indication.

4.0 PRE-EXAMINATION CLEANING

9.1 !dequate care shall be ta;en to ensure proper surface condition prior to testin0.

9. The area to be examined and all ad7acent areas within atleast 8.9mm shall beThorou0hly cleaned with the cleaner from the same 0roup( which may be applied#y spray or by brush or by dampened cloth repeatedly and then wiped with clean cloth.

9.* ! minimum dryin0 time of 8 minutes shall be permitted to allow for the evaporated of&leanin0 solvents.

5.0 TEMPERATURE AND LIGHT INTENSITY REUIREMENTS

8.1 )urin0 testin0 the temperature of penetrant and material shall be between 8, )e0 / !nd 18 )e0 /


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?.* 'f the penetrant dwell time exceeds the maximum of ?, minutes( then the testin0Shall be restarted from preexamination cleanin0 sta0e


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&onstructions( specification and drawin0s. /ollowin0 acceptance standards shall applyAnless other standards are specified for specific applications.

!ll surfaces to be examined shall be free of B

1,.1 Relevant crac;s and linear indications.

1,. Relevant rounded indications 0reater than *>1?@1?@


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Performance )emonstration is to be carried out( and documented.


DATE : 17.01.2007

PAGE NO. : 5 OF 6

REV.

14.0 RECORD OF REVISIONS

Revision )ate #D &han0es

1 15.,4.41 "S .8 $ .? F Two 0roups added.

1.( *.( 9.,( ?.,( 6., $ 4.* F "inor revision. ,.,9.4 "S 1.(*.(G5.1( ?.1(G F "inor revision.5.(6.1 G

9.*(8.( G F Paras added.?.(6. G

* ,1.,?.4 "S 1. F !pplicable editionH deleted.

.5 F I3roup 5H added.

*.1( 9.( ?.1( 5.1( 5.( 11.1 F "inor chan0es.

9 9.,?.4 "S .6( 5.*(1,.9 F Paras added.

1. F #*1.1 added.

*.1( 6.1 F "inor chan0es

8 ,1.,1.,, "S .4 F Penetrant consumables


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5 15.1., S%R Para 1 F Personnel qualification requirements!dded

6 ,9.1.,* S%R Para 8.1 F "inimum testin0 temperature chan0ed/rom 1? de0 & to 1, de0 &Para 8.* F "inimum li0ht intensity chan0ed from8,, Lx to 1,,, Lx. &alibration frequency of li0ht'ntensity meter chan0ed from 8 years to one year

Para 6.1 F )eveloper dwell time chan0ed from 5"inutes to 1, minutes.

4 ,?.,1.,8 S%R Para 4( 1, F Equivalent len0th in Jmm@ added for The existin0 values in Jinches@

1, ,1.,1.,5 S%R Para 1., F Personnel Kualification and&ertification requirements elaborated for clarity.Para 1*., F Performance )emonstration added.


DATE : 17.01.2007


11 15.,1.,5 S%R Para 9.* F )ryin0 time for cleaner chan0ed from ?,Seconds to minimum 8 minutes.Para 1 F Statement J 'nterpretation of indicationsShall be performed by Level '' or Level '''

Personnel@ included.


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PROCEDURE FOR PROCEDURE NO. : MTI MAGNETIC PENETRANT EXAMINATION REVISION : 9

DATE : 17.01.2007

PAGE NO. : 1 OF 5

REV.

1.0 SCOPE

1.1 This Procedure covers "a0netic Particle Examination by nonfluorescent dry "ethod !nd acceptance standards( which shall be followed whenever this procedure is specified.

1. This procedure meets the requirements of !S"E F #$P%& F Section ' !ppendix?,( Section %''' )ivision 1 !ppendix ?( Section % and #*1.1.

1.* !ll ferroma0netic materials and weldments of any shape or si+e shall be examined for1,,- of their areas unless otherwise specified.

2.0 EUIPMENT

.1 "a0nafluxH ma;e Electroma0netic yo;e model D5 or equivalent meetin0 the Requirements of para .(.* and .9 shall be used.

. Electro "a0netic Do;e in !& mode shall be able to lift a /erroma0netic:avin0 minimum wei0ht of 9.8 0 at the maximum pole spacin0 to be used. The bloc; shallbe duly identified with wei0ht measured and recorded.

.* The bloc; shall be lifted in such a way that its centre of 0ravity falls in the centre of thePole spacin0. The pole spacin0 shall be maximum( with the full surface of the le0s in&ontact with the plate. Do;e is acceptable( if the /erroma0netic bloc; is lifted freely

!0ainst 0ravitational force.

.9 Do;e shall be calibrated once in every year or earlier if malfunction or dama0e isSuspected.


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3.0 FERROMAGNETIC PARTICLES

*.1 I"a0nafluxH ma;e dry particle of the below mentioned 0rades shall be usedB

1 3ray

*. I/errochemH ma;e dry particles of the below mentioned 0rades shall be usedB

/& 95 #lac; R /& 94 3rey


DATE : 17.01.2007

PAGE NO. : 2 OF 5

REV.


9.1 Surface may be in the as velded( as rolled( as cast or as for0ed condition. :oweverSurface preparation by 0rindin0 or other suitable means may be necessary in case of

)oubt to resolve the actual indication. Surface to be examined and all ad7acent areas

Cithin atleast 8.9mm( shall be dry and free of all dirt( 0rease( lint( scale( weldin0 flux !nd spatter( oil or other extraneous matter that could interfere with the examination.

5.0 METHOD OF EXAMINATION

8.1 nly !& shall be used unless otherwise specified. !lways the full ma0netic field 'ntensity available from the equipment shall be used( unless otherwise stated.

8. Examination shall be done by the continuous method( i.e.( the ma0neti+in0 forceRemains on while the examination medium is bein0 applied and while excess ofThe examination medium is bein0 removed by blowin0>hand.

8.* The particle medium shall be applied on the 7ob surface uniformly by a rubberSequee+e blower or alternatively by a sprayer from a sufficiently lon0er distance.TheTemperature of the 7ob surface shall not be more than ?,,/


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8.? The pole spacin0( as measured alon0 the surface of the component bein0 tested(Shall not be more than that used durin0 calibration of yo;e and not less than 58mm.

8.5 The inspection medium once applied on the 7ob shall not be reused.

!.0 PERSONNEL UALIFICATION

?.1 Personnel performin0 the testin0 shall have atleast Level ' certificate in accordance Cith T#C Critten practice complyin0 to S2TT&1!( Latest code applicable Edition. :owever Level ' personnel shall be under the 0eneral supervision of Level ''>''' Personnel. 'nterpretation of the indications shall be performed by Level '' or Level '''Personnel and the report made by Level ' shall be reviewed and si0ned by Level ''>'''.

PROCEDURE FOR PROCEDURE NO. : MTI MAGNETIC PENETRANT EXAMINATION REVISION : 9 DATE : 17.01.2007

PAGE NO. : 3 OF 5

REV.

7.0 INTERPRETAION AND EVALUATION OF INDICATIONS

5.1 nly indications which have any dimensions 0reater than 1>1?@


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)imension of this area not to be exceed ? in.


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MAGNETIC PENETRANT EXAMINATION REVISION : 9

(DRY PARTICLE) DATE : 17.01.2007

PAGE NO. : 4 OF 5

REV.

12.0 RECORD OF REVISIONS :


1 15.4.41 "S ., $ *., F Present equipment>materials in use.

8.1 Para added.1.1G5.*G "inor added.6.,G

1*.9.4 "S 8.*G8.8G8.?G1,.,G

1.,G.,G "inor chan0es*.,G

* ,1.?.4 "S 1.1G

1.G1.*G9.,G8.,G5.,G6.,G

*., F Cet particle deleted


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(DRY PARTICLE) DATE : 17.01.2007 PAGE NO. : 5 OF 5

REV.

6 1.,1.,5 S%R Procedure title F )ry Particle added.Para 1.1 F Cord J technique@ chan0ed to J"[email protected] 1. F !S"E Section ' !ppendix ?, added.Para *. F /errochem "a;e )ry Particles added.Para ?., F 2)E personnel certification in

!ccordance to T#C Critten Practice chan0ed to JT#C Critten Practice in compliance to S2TT&1!Latest code applicable edition.

Para 11 F Performance )emonstration added.? 15.,1.,5 S%R Para .(.* and .9 added to describe theProcedure for chec;in0 yo;e liftin0 power and&alibration frequency.Para .1 F "odification to delete "T proceduralReference.Para ?.1 F Statement J 'nterpretation of 'ndicationsShall be par formed by Level '' or Level 111 personnel@

!dded.


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PROCEDURE FOR PROCEDURE NO. : MTI MAGNETIC PENETRANT EXAMINATION REVISION : 7 (WET PARTICLE) DATE : 17.01.2007

PAGE NO. : 1 OF 6

REV.

1.0 SCOPE

1.1 This Procedure covers "a0netic Particle Examination by /luorescent and %isible


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(WET PARTICLE) DATE : 17.01.2007


*.1

/errochem "a;e or "a;e or "a0naflux ma;e white contrast paint shall be used( at the discretion of T#C "T Level ''( based on the contrast of the test ob7ect and the confi0uration.

*. 'f the water is used as a vehicle( the water conditioner shall be added( as recommended by 5"anufacturer.

The stren0th of wet bath shall be chec;ed by allowin0 1,, ml suspension to settle in aPear shaped centurifu0e tibe. Settin0 time for consumable 0rades 4& Red( 195 ! #lac;Shall be ?, "inutes and for 91,( 1*8& shall be *, "inutes.

The settlin0 volume shall be ,.1 to ,.9 ml for consumable 0rades 91,( 1*8&!nd 1. to .9ml for 0rades 4& red( 195! #lac;.

The concentration of the bath shall be chec;ed prior to use every day or every 6:ours.


9.1 Surface may be in the as welded( as rolled( as cast or as for0ed condition. :owever

Surface preparation by 0rindin0 or other suitablMe means may be necessary in case ofdoubt to resolve the actual indication. Surface to be examined and all ad7acent areas

witin atleast 8.9 mm(shall be dry and free of all dirt( 0rease( lint( scale( weldin0 flux andspatter( oil or other extraneous matter that could interfere with the examination.

5.0 METHOD OF EXAMINATION

8.1 nly !& shall be used unless otherwise specified. !lways the full ma0netic field 'ntensity available from the equipment shall be used( unless otherwise stated.

PROCEDURE FOR PROCEDURE NO. : MTI

"ethod "a;e 3rade &oncentration

%isible "a0naflux 4& Red 1. to .9 ml > 1,,ml Liter or ,.1 to ,.1 ml>1,,ml


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MAGNETIC PENETRANT EXAMINATION REVISION : 7


PAGE NO. : 3 OF 6

REV.

8. Examination shall be done by the continuous method( i.e.( the ma0neti+in0 forceRemains on while the examination medium is bein0 applied and while excess ofThe examination medium is bein0 removed by blowin0 > hand.

8.* The particle medium shall be applied on the 7ob surface uniformly by a sprayer/rom a sufficiently lon0er distance. The temperature of the 7ob surface shall notbe more than 1*8/


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PAGE NO. : 4 OF 6 REV.

!.0 PERSONNEL UALIFICATION

?.1 Personnel performin0 the testin0 shall have atleast Level ' certification in accordance

Cith T#C Critten practice( &omplyin0 to S2TT&1! latest code applicable edition.:owever Level ' personnel shall be under the 0eneral supervision of Level '' or Level''>''' personnel. 'nterpretation of indications shall be performed by Level '' or Level '''Personnel and the report made by Level ' shall be reviewed and si0ned by Level ''> '''.

".0 INTERPRETATION AND EVALUATION OF INDICATIONS

".1 nly indications which have any dimension 0reater than 1>1?@


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(WET PARTICLE) DATE : 17.01.2007 PAGE NO. : 5 $) 6

REV.

10.0 POST-EXAMINATION CLEANING

1,.1 This is 0enerally not required to be done. 'f the testin0 personnel shall0et a seprate procedure for postexamination cleanin0.

11.0 PERFORMANCE DEMONSTRATION

11.1 Performance )emonstration is to be carried out( and )ocumentated.



1 ,.9.4* "S 1.,( 9., G "inor revision8.,( 6., G,1.,1 &oncentration chec; added?.1 Revised to elaborate supervision by Level ''>''' and delete the Jsubcontractors@ written Practice@

,1.,1.,, S%R Para *. added to include new&onsumables( subsequent para renumbered.Para 8.9 added and subsequent paras renumbered.

* ,1.,1., S%R Para 8.9( li0ht intensity chan0ed from 8,fc to1,,fc( calibration frequency added.

9 ,9.1.,* S%R Para 8. F "ethod of excess particle removal!dded.Para 8.* F Temperature ran0e limitations for the"a0netic particles modified.Para 8.9 F Li0ht intensity meter calibration/requency chan0ed from 8 years to one year.

8 ,?.,1.,8 S%R Para * F Settin0 test volume value chan0ed from1.8 ml to 1. F .9 ml.Para 5( 6 F Equivalent len0th in Jmm@ added for theExistin0 values in Jinches@.


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PROCEDURE FOR PROCEDURE NO. : MTI MAGNETIC PENETRANT EXAMINATION REVISION : 7 (WET PARTICLE) DATE : 17.01.2007

PAGE NO. : 6 OF 6

REV.

? ,1.,1.,5 S%R Procedure Title F wet Particle added.Para 1.1 F Cord J Technique@ chan0ed to J"ethod@. /luorescent "ethod added.Para 1. F !S"E Section ' !ppendix ?, added.Para 1. F /luorescent "ethod( "a;e added. Chitecontrast paint usa0e provision added.Para 8.9 F %isible "ethod added for clarity.Para 8.8 F Examination requirements for/luorescent "ethod added.Para ?., F 2)E personnel certification in

!ccordance to T#C Critten Practice chan0ed to J T#CCritten Practice in &ompliance to S2TT&1!Latest code applicable edition.Para 11 F performance )emonstration added.

5 15.,1.,5 S%R Para .( .* and .9 added to describe theProcedure for chec;in0 yo;e liftin0 power and&alibration frequency.Para .1 F "odified to delete "T proceduralReference.Para *. F )escription to chec; the bath stren0th

!nd acceptance concentration ran0e details addedPara 8.8 F #lac; li0ht positionin0 distance from theExamination surface added.Para ?.1 F Statement J 'nterpretation of indicationsShall be performed by Level '' or Level ''' personnel@

!dded.


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RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE PROCEDURE NO. : RT 12 RT 1! RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATIONOF REVISION : 10

WELDED "OINTS DATE : 01.01.2007

PAGE NO. : 1 OF 27

REV.

1.0 SCOPE

1.1 This wor; instruction outlines the methods and techniques to be used for 3amma ray !nd Nray Radio0raphy of welds>welded components of metallic materials of any

Thic;ness upto ,, mm( in accordance with !S"E F#$P%& F Section %( !rticle $ Section %'''( )iv.1 $ section 1 $ #*1.1.

2.0 SENSITIVITY OF RADIOGRAPHS

.1 Radio0raphy shall be performed with such a technique which will have sufficient Sensitivity to display the hole 'K' ima0e and the specified hole( or the desi0nated

Cire of a wire 'K' which are essential indications of the ima0e quality of the radi0raph. The radio0raph shall also have the identififyin0 numbers and letters( includin0 the date( T#CHs name>mono0ram and repair desi0nation Supplier shall#e traceable to 2ational standards. 'K' for radio0raphy shall be /abricatedfrom material that is either radio0raphlly equivalent to or radio0raphicallyless dense than the material and>or the weld metal on which they are used.


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WELDED "OINTS DATE : 01.01.2007 PAGE NO. : 2 OF 27

REV.

8.1 II IDENTIFICATION

'K' shall be identified permanently with attached lead number atleast *>*@ hi0h. The 2umber shall indicate the 'K' thic;ness in accordance with Table 1 of !nnex 1( for hole Type 'K'. /or wire type 'K'( each set of wire 'K' shall be identified by lead letters or 2umbers( indicatin0 !ST" set material as per Table * of !nnex 1. Each 'K' of hole type

shall be further identified by mar;in0 its metal or principal alloy composition on the surface of the 'K' in a suitable manner. Each wire type 'K' set shall also be identified by its material 0rade.

5.2 II LOCATION

! source side 'K' of the thic;ness shown in Table or Table * of !nnex '( as may be!pplicable shall be placed on the side nearest the radiation source


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REV.

5.4 II PLACEMENT

H() *67) II

i= The 'K' shall be placed ad7acent to the weld or on the weld. The identification

numbers and lead letter J/@ ( when used shall not be in the area of interest( except when 0eometric confi0uration ma;es it impractical to place the 'K'( the lead numbers and the lead letter J/@ may be placed in the area of interest.

ii= Chen weld reinforcement or protrudin0 rin0 is not removed( a shim of the same type of material and appropriate thic;ness shall be placed under the 'K'. The shim thic;ness shall be selected so that the total thic;ness bein0 Radio0raphed under the 'K' is the same as the avera0e thic;ness throu0h

The weld. Shim shall exceed the 'K' such that atleast * sides of 'K' ima0e

Shall be visible on the radio0raph. The shimmed 'K' shall be placed so asnot to overlap the bac;in0 strip or rin0.

iii= Chen the confi0uration or si+e of the ob7ect prevents placin0 the 'K' as described above( it may be placed on a seprate bloc; havin0 the same thic;ness $ same material and is placed as close possible to the weld bein0 radio0raphed.The resultin0 density of the bloc; ima0e is within prescribed 'K' > area of interest( density variation tolerances. The 'K' on the source side of the part bein0 radio0raphed. The bloc; dimensions shall exceed the 'K' dimensions such that the outline of atleast three sides of the 'K' ima0e shall be visible on the radio0raph.

' 8%*) *67) II

i= The 'K' shall be placed on the weld so that the len0th of the wires is perpendicular to the len0th of the weld. The identification numbers and lead letter J/@ ( when used( shall not be in the area of interest( except

when the lead numbers and lead letter J/@ may be placed in the area of interest.

ii= Chen confi0uration and si+e prevents the placin0 of 'K' as describedabove( it may be placed on a seprate bloc; or li;e part>product as provided

in para 8.9


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REV.

iii= Chen the 'K' is placed on the weld as described in 8.9


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REV.

b= /or cylindrical vessels where the source is placed on the axis of the ob7ect $four or more film holders are used for a sin0le exposure of a section of the

circumference( atleast three 'K' shall be used. ne 'K' shall be in approximatecentre of the section exposed and one at each end. Chen the section of circum

ference exposed 9, )e0.( the rules 8.? a= apply. 'n each case( additional film locations may be required to establish proper 'K' spacin0 otherwise atleast one 'K' ima0e shall appear on each radio0raph.

c= /or spherical vessels( where the source is located at the centre of the vessel and one or more film holders are used for a sin0le exposure of a complete circumference( at least three 'K' shall be placed approximately 1, de0 apart. /or other welds radio0raphed simultaneously( one additional 'K' should be placed n each.

d= /or spherical vessels where the source is located at the centre of the vessel and four or more film holders are used for a sin0le exposure of se0ment of the circum ferential seam>part of the lon0 seams( the 'K' will be placed as detailed above in curved components are radio0raphed simultaneously ;eepin0 the source in axis of the circumference( each film should have the ima0e of the 'K'.

!.0 TECHNIUE

?.1 S%;() 8(( V%)


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REV.

?.* D/'() 8(( V%)


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RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE PROCEDURE NO. : RT 12 RT 1! RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATIONOF REVISION : 10 WELDED "OINTS DATE : 01.01.2007

PAGE NO. : 7 OF 27

REV.

?.5 S**)) R%*%B Scatter radiation fallin0 on the film should be avoided. To)etermine the presence of bac; scattered radiation( a lead letter J#@ of minimum @

:i0h and 1>1?@ thic; shall be attached to the bac; of each film holder and shall be"aintained throu0hout the exposure. 'f a white ima0e of J#@ appears on the dar;er

#ac;0round of the radio0raph( it means that the protection from bac;scatter is insufficient !nd the radio0raph shall be considered unacceptable. :owever a dar; ima0e of J#@ on the li0hter

#ac;0round is not cause for re7ection.

6.= E@7/) T%=) The exposure time for 0ama radio0raphy may be calculated by the/ormula as below B

// N x S/) ET Q

R:" x SSChere(

ET Q Exposure time( in hours.

/T Q /ilm fector( in Roent0ens( as per /ilm "anufactureHs data.

2 Q 2umber of :alf value layers in the 7ob thic;ness bein0 radio0raphed for the Particular source. )R)8?>)5)*>)9>)8>)5>)6

!ny other film may be used( provided the requirements of para ., are met.


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RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE PROCEDURE NO. : RT 12 RT 1! RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATIONOF REVISION : 10 WELDED "OINTS DATE : 01.01.2007

PAGE NO. : = OF 27

REV.

5. SCREENS

Inten%#)/#n 'e"+ %een% *"/ (e %e+. T&e )'$e%ent $ F'$$*et"''# %een% "e

n$t !e*#tte+.

".3 SOURCE OF RADIATION

5.*.1 3amma ray source shall be used unless otherwise specified.

5.*. The selection of the 3amma ray source of radiation shall be as mentioned belowB

@$ee

t,ne%% (e'$ t&e e$**en+e+ "'e% *ent#$ne+ "($e "n (e

R"+#$"!&e+ !$#+e+ t&e "+#$"! te&n#8e% %e+ +e*$n%t"te t&"t t&e Re8#e+ "+#$"! %en%#t##t/ &"% (een $(t"#ne+ "% e8#e+ (/ P"" 2.0.

7.3.3 T&e %e'ete+ $) #'$$'t"e "n+ t(e ent )$ t&e e-!$%e %#n B?"/

S$e %&"'' (e ("%e+ $n t&e e-!$%e &"t !$#+e+ (/ t&e *"n)"te.

FILM UALITY, PROCESSING, AND IDENTIFICATION

#.1 FILM UALITY REUIREMENTS

!ll radio0raphs shall be free from mechanical( chemical or other processin0 )efects( that could interfere with proper interpretation of the radio0raph( such as

a. /o00in0(

b. Processin0 defects( li;e strea;in0( water mar;s( or chemical stains(

c. Scratches( fin0er mar;s( crips( dirt( static mar;s( smud0es and tears

d. Loss of detail due to poor screentofilm contact( false indications( due to detective screens or artifacts caused by defective film.

FILM PROCESSING

i= /ilms will be processed manually. The chemicals used may be oda;>!0fa Nray chemicals or of any other ma;e( which shall be prepared and used as par the recommendation of the manufacturer of chemicals.

"aterial "inimum Thic;ness

'ridium14 &oblet?,

Steel ,.58 in. 1.8, in.

&opper or :i0h 2ic;el ,.?8 in. 1.*, in.

!luminum .8, in.


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REV.


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REV.

10.0 SPOT RADIOGRAPHY

1,.1 "inimum len0th of the spot radio0raphy shall be 18,mm


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REV.

d= Rounded indications in excess of that 0iven in !nnexure'' and shown in /i0. to

1,.

e= Root concavity when there is an abrupt chan0e in density as indicated on theradio0raph.

11.2 SPOT RADIOGRAPHY

a= The radio0raphy ta;en under spot radio0raphy( disclosin0 any type of crac;( or +one of incomplete fusion or penetrant or root concavity with an abrupt chan0e in density as indicated on the radio0raph shall be unacceptable.

b= Celds in which the radio0raph shows sla0 inclusions or cavities shall not be acceptable if the len0th of any such imperfection is 0reater than >* t( where

ItH is the thic;ness of thinner part welded. 'f several imperfections within theabove limitation exist in line( the weld is 7ud0ed acceptable if the sum ofthe lon0est dimensions of all such imperfections is not more than ItH in a len0th

of ?t


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REV

ANNEXURE I

TA9LE 1

II DESIGNATION, THICNESS & HOLE DIAMETER


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REV

ANNEXURE I

TA9LE 2

II SELECTION

RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE PROCEDURE NO. : RT 12

RT 1! RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATIONOF REVISION : 10


PAGE NO. : 14 OF 27

REV.

T'() 3

8IRE II DESIGNATION, 8IRE DIAMETER AND 8IRE IDENTITY

Set ! Set #

Cire Cire Cire Cire )iameter( in. 'dentity )iameter( in. 'dentity

'K'

2ominal Sin0le F Call"aterial Thic;nessRan0e( mm

Source side /ilm side

:ole Type)esi0nation

Cire TypeEssential Cire

:ole Type)esi0nation

Cire TypeEssential Cire

Apto ?.9 1 8 1, 9

ver ?.9 18 ? 1 8

ver 4.8 to 1.5 15 5 18 ?

ver 4.8 to 14., , 6 15 5

ver 14., to 8.9 8 4 , 6

ver 1.5 to 14., *, 1, 8 4

ver 8.9 to *6.1 *8 11 *, 1,

ver 8,.6 to ?*.8 9, 1 *8 11

ver 8,.6 to ?*.8 8, 1* 9, 1

ver ?*.8 to 1,1.? ?, 19 98 1*

ver 18.9 to ,*. 6, 1? ?, 19

ver ,*. to 89., 1,, 15 6, 1?

ver 89., to *,9.6 1, 16 1,, 15

ver *,9.6 to 9,?.9 1?, , 1, 16

ver 9,?.9 to 8,6., ,, 1 1?, ,


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,.,,* 1 ,.,1, ? ,.,,9, ,.,1* 5 ,.,,8, * ,.,1? 6

,.,,?* 9 ,.,, 4 ,.,,6, 8 ,.,8 1, ,.,1,, ? ,.,* 11

Set & Set )

Cire Cire Cire Cire )iameter( in. 'dentity )iameter( in. 'dentity

,.,,* 11 ,.1,, 1? ,.,,9, 1 ,.1? 15 ,.,,8, 1* ,.1?, 16

,.,,?* 19 ,.,, 14 ,.,,6, 18 ,.8, , ,.,1,, 1? ,.*, 1



PAGE NO. : 15 OF 27

REV.

ANNEXURE II

ROUNDED INDICATIONS CHARTS ACCEPTANCE STANDARD FORRADIOGRAPHICALLY DETERMINED ROUNDED INDICATIONS IN 8ELDS

A2.1 TERMINOLOGY

a= Rounded 'ndications with a maximum len0th of three times the width or


33/66

less on the radio0raph are defined as rounded indications. Theseindications may be circular( elliptical are defined as rounded indications.

These indications may be circular( elliptical( conical or irre0ular in shapeand may have tails. Chen evaluatin0 the si+e of an indication( the tailshall be included. The indication may be from any source in the weld(such as porosity( sla0 or tun0sten.

b= !li0ned 'ndications B ! sequence of four or more rounded indications

shall be considered to be ali0ned when they touch a line parallel tothe len0th of the weld drawn throu0h the centre of the two outerrounded indications.

c= Thic;ness ItH B ItH is the thic;ness of weld( of the pressure retainin0 material( or of the thinner of the sections bein0 7oined( whichever is less. 'f a full penetrant weld includes a fillet weld( the thic;ness of the fillet weld throat shall be included in ItH.

A2.2 ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

a= 'ma0e )ensity B )ensity within the ima0e of the indication may vary and is not a criteria for acceptance or re7ection.

b= Relevant 'ndications B nly those rounded indications which exceed the followin0 dimensions shall be considered relevant.

1> 1,t for t less than 1>6 in.

1>?9 in. for t 1>6 in. to in.( inclusive.

1>* in. for t 0reater than in. to in.( inclusive.

1>1? in. for t 0reater than in.

c= "aximum Si+e of Rounded 'ndications B The maximum permissible si+e of any indication shall be 1>9t( or 8>* in.( whichever is smaller( except for an isolated

indication separated from an ad7acent indication by 1 in. or more may be 1>*t( or1>9t in.( whichever is less. /or t 0reater than in. the maximum permissible si+e

of an isolated indication shall be increased to *>6 in. Table 1 may be referred for examples.


RT 1! RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATIONOF REVISION : 10 WELDED "OINTS DATE : 01.01.2007

PAGE NO. : 16 OF 27

REV.

d= !li0ned Rounded 'ndications B !li0ned rounded 'ndications are acceptable when the

summation of the diameters of the indications is less than t in a len0th of 1t. Refer/i0.. The len0th of 0roups of ali0ned rounded indications and the spacin0 betweenThe 0roups shall meet the requirements of /i0.*.

e= Spacin0 B The distance between ad7acent rounded indications is not a factor indeterminin0 acceptance or re7ection( except as required for isolated indicationsor 0roups of ali0ned indications.

f= Rounded 'ndication &harts B The rounded indications as determined from the radio0raphic film shall not exceed that shown in the charts. The charts in /i0. 9


34/66

to /i0.4 illustrate various types of assorted( randomly dispersed and clusteredrounded indications for different weld thic;ness 0reater than 1>6 inch. Thesecharts represent the maximum acceptance concentration limits for roundedindications. The represent the maximum acceptance concentration limits for

rounded indications. The charts for each thic;ness ran0e represent fullscale? in. radio0raph( and shall not be enlar0ed or reduced. The distributions shown

!re not necessarily the patterns that may appear on the radio0raph but areTypical of the concentration and si+e of indications permitted.

0= Celd Thic;ness t less than 1>6 in. B /or t less than 1>6 in. the maximum number of rounded indications shall not exceed 1 in a ? in. len0th of weld. ! proportionately fewer number of indications shall be permitted in welds less than ? in. in len0th.

h= &luster 'ndicationsB The illusions for clustered indications show up to four times as many indications in local area( as that shown in the illustrations for random

indications. The len0th of an acceptable cluster shall not exceed the lesser of 1 in. or t. Chere more than one cluster is present( the sum of the len0ths of the &lusters shall not exceed 1 in. in a ? in. len0th weld.



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RT 1! RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATIONOF REVISION : 10


PAGE NO. : 17 OF 27

REV.

ANNEXURE II

TA9LE 1

MAXIMUM PERMISSI9LE SIBES OF ROUNDED INDICATIONS


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WELDED "OINTS DATE : 01.01.2007 PAGE NO. : 26 O) 27

REV.

".0 RECORD OF REVISIONS


1 ,6.,?.41 "S 1.,( 6.8( 1. $ !nnexure F '' F "inor chan0es.Throu0hout F IPenetrameterH chan0ed to I'K'H

2 18.,?.4 "S 1., $ !nnexure F INrayH deleted..,( *.,( ?., $ 5., F Revised.

9., F IReinforcementH deleted.

8.,( 6.,( 4.,( 1,.,( 11., $ 1., F "inor chan0es.

Thou0hout F Para0raphs reco0ni+ed.

!nnexure F Rounded indication charts added.

3,6.,.4 "S *., F ISubcontractorHs written practiceH deleted.

8., F "inor editorial chan0es. &onsideration of IreinforcementH added.

?., $ 6., F "inor editorial chan0es.

4 ,8.,1.4? "S 8.* c= F !dded for dissimilar material>weld.8.9 a= ii= F Revised for consistency with 8.* c=

8.9 a= iii= F Revised for more detailed requirements.

8.8 i= F !dded Isensitivity and IdensityH limitation Requirements.

8.8 d= F 'K' requirement elaborated.

5.1 F !dded new brands of films

5 1.,9.4? "S 6.*. i= F !dded Iradio0raphicH for the ima0es of Location mar;ers.

6 ,1.,*.44 S%R 1.1 F I"inor chan0es for clarity.8.9 a= ii= F "inor chan0es for clarity.11.1 a= F !cceptance standard modified to'nclude criteria of root concavity.

!nnexure'' !. a= F Editorial chan0es.


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WELDED "OINTS DATE : 01.01.2007 PAGE NO. : 27 O) 27

REV.


7 ,1.,1.,,1 S%R 1., F Nray radio0raphy added( by mer0in0Procedure no RT 19.

8.8 F )ensity ran0e for Nray radio0raphy added#y mer0in0 procedure RT19.

?.6 F Nray radio0raphy exposure time selection&riteria added by mer0in0 procedure no RT F 19.

5.*.1( 5.*.* F Source of radiation for NrayRadio0raphy added by mer0in0 procedure no RT 19..

6. ii= F Reference to Radio0raphic ExaminationProcedure RT1* deleted.

Table F 1 F 'K' )esi0nation 2o. 5, $ 19, added!nd chan0e in thic;ness $ diameter for 'K')esi0antion 2o. 5( 1 $ 15 incorporated( to&omply with section addenda ,,,.

Table F "odified to incorporate Cire FTypeEssential Cire 2os( to comply with section v

!ddenda ,,,.

Table* "odified to incorporate Cire 'dentity(To comply with section v addenda ,,,.

= ,9.1.,* S%R Para 8.8 i= F Revised to incorporate minimum)ensity limitations for the hole type 'K'.

9 ,?.,1.,8 S%R Para 8., F 'K' calibration by the manufacturer!dded.

Para ?.8 F Cords JS)@(@/)@ added.)escription of source si+e revised for clarity.Para 5.1 F /ilm type )AP2T > '2)A replaced#y )!. /ilm type 3!RC!RE deleted.Para 11.1 F Len0th in Jmm@ added.Table F 2ominal sin0le wall material thic;nessRan0e corrected to one decimal value.

10 ,1.,1.,5 S%R Para *., F JKualification of Personnel@ Revised/or &larity.Para 8., F J'K' &alibration@ by the Supplier >"anufacturer revised for clarity.


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PROCEDURE FOR PR&E)ARE 2. B ATULTRASONIC EXAMINATION OF 9UTT 8ELDS RE%'S'2 B 5

)!TE B ,?.,1.,,8P!3E 2. B 1 / 1*

RE%.

1.0 SCOPE

This procedure covers technique and acceptance standards to be used for ultrasonic Examination of butt welds in ferritic wrou0ht and cast materials havin0 thic;ness

Equal to or 0reater than 1,mm and outside diameter 0reater than ?1, mm and is in &onformance with the requirements of !S"E Section % !rticle 9( Section %''' )iv. 1 !nd Section 1.

2.0 EXAMINATION SURFACE

.1 The examination shall be performed from the outer surfaces.

3.0 SURFACE CONDITION

*.1 The Surface condition shall be equivalent or better than that of reference bloc;.

*. #!SE "ET!L

*..1 The base metal on each side of the weld shall be free of weld Spatters( Surface'rre0ularities or forei0n matter that mi0ht interfere with examination.

*.* CEL) "ET!L

*.*.1 Chere the weld surface interfere with the examination( the weld shall be prepared!s needed to permit examination.

4.0 COUPLANT

! suitable couplant such as oil and 0rease mixture havin0 0ood wettability andRequired viscosity shall be used. :owever( the same couplant that is used forThe calibration shall be used durin0 the actual examination.

5.0 TECHNIUE

8.1 !n0le beam contact pulse echo technique shall used for weld and ad7acent

"%e *et"'. S"nn#n %&"'' (e *"n"'.

8. Strai0ht beam contact pulse echo technique shall be used to scan base"etal ad7acent to weld throu0h which an0le beam propa0ates. Scannin0 shall be manual.


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)!TE B ,?.,1.,,8P!3E 2. B / 1*

RE%.

!.0 SEARCH UNIT ANGLE

?.1 98( ?, r 5, de0. Shear waves shall be used dependin0 on the 7oint confi0uration(Such that beam of ultrasound impin0es on ma7or portion of bevel an0le perpendicularly

!s far as practicable.

".0 FREUENCY OF SEARCH UNIT

5.1 Search units with nominal frequency of .8 ":U shall be used unless variables such !s production material 0rain structure require the use of other frequencies to assure adequate

Penetrant or better resolution.

#.0 SIBE OF TRANSDUCER

6.1 The transducer of a suitable si+e preferably with 8>6@ to 1@( either rectan0ular or Square in shape shall be used for an0le beam search unit. The strai0ht beam Transducer si+e shall be 1@ maximum.

6. Special search units( Ced0es( Shoes or saddles shall not be used.

$.0 EUIPMENT AND PERSONNEL

4.1 The equipment used shall be pulse echo type ultrasonic instrument capable of 3eneratin0 frequencies over the ran0e of atleast 1":U and which meets the

requirements of AT1 procedure. Personnel performin0 Altrasonic Examination shall be qualified( in accordance with T#C written practice.

4. Personnel performin0 Altrasonic Examination shall be qualified( in accordance

Cith T#C written practice.

'nterpretation of the Altrasonic test indications shall be done by 2)T Level ''"inimum. 2)T Level ' operator shall not be used for interpretation.

10.1 9ASIC CALI9RATION 9LOCS

1,.1 #asic calibration bloc;s shown in /i0ure.1 shall be used with direct contact testin0. )ependin0 on the thic;ness of the material to be tested the proper bloc; shall be Ased. The bloc; si+e and reflector locations shall be adequate to perform calibrations /or the beam an0les used.

1,. The bloc; material shall be of the same product from and material specification or

Equivalent P number 0roupin0 as one of the materials bein0 examined.

1,.* /or calibration bloc;s for dissimilar metal welds( the material selection shall be based n the material on the side of the weld from which examination will be conducted. 'f

The examination will be conducted from both the sides calibration reflectors shall be Provided in both materials. Chere two or more base material thic;ness are involved.


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)!TE B ,?.,1.,,8P!3E 2. B * / 1*

RE%.

The calibration bloc; thic;ness shall be determined by the avera0e thic;ness of the Celd.

1,.* The finish on the surface of the bloc; shall be representative of the surface/inishes on the test material. The bloc; shown in the /i0.1 shall be used for"aterials with diameter 0reater than ?1,mm.

1,.9 The calibration bloc; material shall be completely examined with a strai0ht beamSearch unit. !reas that contain an indication exceedin0 the remainin0 bloc; reflectionShall be excluded from the beam paths required to reach the various calibrationReflectors.

10.0 CALI9RATION TECHNIUE FOR EXAMINATION SYSTEM

11.1 The examination system calibration shall include followin0

11.1.1 !n0le #eam &alibration

11.1. #eam 'ndex Cith the use of ''C bloc; mar; the beam index on both sides of the Search unit.

11.1.* #eam !n0le F "easure the beam an0le of refraction on ''C bloc; to confirm the !n0le of reflection. % bloc; for the required Ran0e dependin0 on beam an0le and thic;ness.

11.1.1.9 Position F The followin0 measurements may be made with a ruler( scale or mar;ed n a indexin0 strip.

a= Position search unit for maximum response from the T>9 hole from a basic calibration bloc;. Place one end of the indexin0 strip a0ainst the front of the search unit and the other end of the indexin0 strip a0ainst the direction of the beam. "ar; the number on the indexin0 strip at the scribe line which is

directly above the hole.


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)!TE B ,?.,1.,,8P!3E 2. B 9 / 1*

RE%.

c= The calibration numbers on the indexin0 strip indicate the position directly

over the reflector in 1?thof % path.

d= The depth from the examination surface to the reflector is T at 6( *T>9 at ?( T> at 9( T>9 at ( , at ,. 'nterpolation is possible for samller increments of )epth. The measurement may be corrected by the radius of the reflectorHs Location.

11.1.1.8 )istance !mplitude &orrection6 I%H path. Echo amplitude measurement from the surface notch in#asic calibration bloc; shall be done by obtainin0 maximum reflection frompposite surface notch at half I%H path location.The pea; of maximum indicationShall be mar;ed on the screen.

11.1.1.? Chen an electronic distance amplitude correction device is used the primaryReference response shall be equali+ed at a nominal constant screen hei0ht

!t or between 9, to 6,- of full screen hei0ht over the distance ran0e to be employed in the examination.

11.1. Strai0ht #eam &alibration

11.1..1 SCEEP 2R!23E F Sweep ran0e calibration shall be in the ran0e of 8( 8,(1,,( 18,( ,, mm etc. dependin0 on the thic;ness of the material. The basic&alibration bloc; or ''C>% bloc; may be used for sweep ran0e calibration.

11.1.. The sensitivity level shall be established by ad7ustin0 the first bac; wall reflection/rom the sound areas of the base metal to be tested to 1,,- of full screen hei0ht.

11. &hec;in0 !nd &alibration f Equipment11..1 The proper functionin0 of the examination equipment shall be chec;ed and the Altrasonic examination system calibration as specified above in para 11., shall #e carried out at the be0innin0 and end of each examination or every examination

Personnel are chan0ed or any malfunctionin0 is suspected or every 9 hours(

Chichever is earlier. 'f durin0 any chec; it is determined that the equipment isnot functionin0 properly all of the product that has been tested since the lastvalid equipment calibration shall be reexamined.


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)!TE B ,?.,1.,,8P!3E 2. B 8 / 1*

RE%.

12.0 SCANNING

1.1 The scannin0 of the ad7acent base metal shall be detected reflectors That mi0ht( affect interpretation of an0le beam results( and is not to

#e used as on acceptance re7ection examination. Location and areas of such reflectors shall be recorded.

1. !n0le #eam

1..1 Celds shall be examined by directin0 an0le beam in four directions!s shown in /i0.. The search unit shall be manipulated so that an0le#eam passes throu0h the entire volume of weld ad7acent than theprimary reference level. The primary reference level shall be establishedusin0 basic calibration bloc; and drawin0 )!& upto 8>6 % path as described

in para 11.1.1.8. while scannin0 each pass of the search unit overlap aminimum of 1,- of the transducer dimension perpendicular to the direction ofscan.

12.2.2 Rotatin0( Revolvin0 or Scannin0 mechanism shall not be used.

1..* The rate of search unit movement for examination shall not exceed ? inch > spec Anless calibration is verified at scannin0 speed.

13.0 RECORDING

1*.1 !ll reflectors producin0 responses 0reater than 8,- of the primary Reference level


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)!TE B ,?.,1.,,8P!3E 2. B ? / 1*

RE%.

The operator performin0 the AT examination shall ;now the 0eometry of theTest ob7ect and weld confi0uration to distin0uish the 0eometric indications

!nd discontinuity indications.

Some metallur0ical and 0eometrical indications may produce indications that !re not relevant. 'ndications and the operator performin0 the AT examination

Shall ;now the 0eometry of the test ob7ect and weld confi0uration to distin0uishThe 0eometric indications and discontinuity indications. The non relevant

'ndications may be due to 1. Plate se0re0ates in :eat affected +one. . 'ndications from weld root 0eometry. *. %ariations in "etallur0ical Structure.

The identity( maximum amplitude( location and extent of reflector causin0 a 3eometric indication shall be recorded. /ollowin0 steps shall be ta;en to classify an indication as 0eometric a= 'nterpret the area containin0 the reflector. b= Plot and verify the reflector co ordinates. c= Prepare a cross sectional s;etch showin0 the reflector position and surface

discontinuities such as root and counter bore. d= Review fabrication and weld preparation drawin0s.

18. !ny imperfection which causes an indication in excess of ,- )!& shall be'nvesti0ated to the extent that the operator can determine shape( si+e( location

!nd identity of all such reflectors and evaluate them in terms of the acceptance

Standards 0iven belowB

i= Chere discontinuities are interpreted to be crac;s( lac; of fusion or incompletepenetration( they are unacceptable re0ardless of len0th.

ii= ther 'mperfections are unacceptable if the amplitudes exceed reference level and imperfection have len0th which exceeds

1>9@


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)!TE B ,?.,1.,,8P!3E 2. B 5 / 1*

RE%.

1!.0 REPORTING

1?.1 ! report of the ultrasonic examination shall contain all parameters of the test!nd in addition record of repair areas shall be ;ept alon0 with the result of theExamination. T#C shall also maintain record of all reflections from uncorrected

!reas havin0 responses that exceed 8,- of the reference level( the dimensions(The depth below the surface and the classification. The Altrasonic Testin0RequestcumReport format is Exhibit 1


45/66


)!TE B ,?.,1.,,8P!3E 2. B 1, / 1*

RE%.

EN:'#'T1 !rea XXXXXXXXXXX 'nsp .!uth. XXXXXXXXXXXXXX

!pplied &ode XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Yob 2o. XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

'dentification mar;in0 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX )r0. 2o. XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

Surface condition XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Exam Sta0e XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Extent B 1,,->Spot

Test for XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

Celdin0 Process XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Celder 2o. XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

Si0n. f Supervisor P!RT '' B EN!"'2!T'2 RESALTS

Procedure 2o.XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Rev. XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

AT Equipment Type $ serial 2o XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

&able Type and Len0th B XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

Search units B /requency Si+e )e0. Sin0le > )ual /requency Si+e )e0. Sin0le > )ual

ad7acent parent metal > XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

Search unit "anufactureHs serial no XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

Result B Record of indications detected


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)!TE B ,?.,1.,,8P!3E 2. B 11 / 1*

RE%.

EN:'#'T F 1


47/66


)!TE B ,?.,1.,,8P!3E 2. B 1 / 1*

RE%.

EN:'#'T F

'


48/66


)!TE B ,?.,1.,,8P!3E 2. B 1* / 1*

RE%.

1".0 RECORD OF REVISIONS


* ,8.,1.4? "S Throu0hout revised to elaborate theRequirements and addition of calibrationTechnique of ultrasonic examination system.

9 ,*.,9.4? "S 9., F Revised to add same couplant for &alibration and actual examination.

11.1.1.8 F &larified for Jsame 0ain settin0s.@

1?.1 F Exhibits 1 and are added.

8 ,1.,1.,,, "S /i0. 1 F )imension of #asic &alibration #loc;

&han0ed.Exhibit F 1 ( editorial chan0es.

? ,1.,1.,,* S% Para 8.1 F Scannin0 technique added.Para 6., F &larified for transducer si+e.Para 4. F Personnel qualification requirement

!dded.Para 1,.1 F &larified for bloc; si+e and reflectorLocations.Para 11..1 F System calibration chec;/requency added.1*. F &larified for computer enhanced data

!cquisition.18.1 F "ethod of si+in0 indications added.

Subsequent paras renumbered./i0. 1 F )imensions of basic calibration bloc;&han0ed.Exhibit 1 F Revised to add addenda , chan0es.

" ,?.,1.,8 S%RPara 1..1 F Scannin0 sensivity level&han0ed from double to 19 bd.

/i0 1 F #asic calibration fi0ure added to reflectEdition ,,9 chan0es.


49/66

PROCEDURE FOR PR&E)ARE 2. B AT9STRAIGHT 9EAM ULTRASONIC RE%'S'2 B

EXAMINATION OF ROLLLED STEEL PLATES )!TE B ?.1.,,P!3E 2. B 1 / 8

RE%.

1.0 SCOPE

This procedure covers the technique and acceptance standards for strai0ht beam Altrasonic testin0( with lon0itudinal wave propa0ation in the material( or rolled steel Plates of thic;ness equal to or 0reater than and of any shape and si+e. This procedure &overs the requirements of S! 9*8 !2) S! 856 of !S"E section % except supplementary requirements.

2.0 APPARATUS

.1 The equipment used shall be pulse echo type ultrasonic instrument capable of3eneratin0 frequencies over the ran0e of 1 ":U to 8 ":U and which meets the

Requirements of AT 1 procedure.

. Probe shall have a frequency of .8 mh+( other frequency can be used provided #etter results are obtained. Probe may contain either sin0le or dual transducers

Elements of si+e 1, to *, mm.

3.0 PERSONNEL REUIREMENTS

The testin0 operator performin0 the ultrasonic examination prescribed in the procedureShall be qualified and certified to 2)T level '' as per T#C written practice.

4.0 SURFACE CONDITION

The plate surface shall be sufficiently clean and smooth to maintain the first reflection/rom the opposite side of the plate at least 8, percent of full scale durin0 scannin0.

Local rou0h surfaces shall be conditioned by 0rindin0. !ny specified identificationChich is removed when 0rindin0 to achieve proper surface smoothness shall beRestored.

5.0 COUPLING

The test shall be performed by direct contact method. ! suitable couplant( such!s water( soluble 0lue( oil or 0lycerine shall be used.


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EXAMINATION OF ROLLLED STEEL PLATES )!TE B ?.1.,,P!3E 2. B / 8

RE%.

!.0 EXAMINATION PROCEDURE

!.1 STRAIGHT 9EAM EXAMINATION

?.1.1 Perform the inspection in an area free from operations that interfere with properPerformance of the test.

?.1. Anless otherwise specified( ma;e the ultrasonic examination on either ma7or surfacef the plate. The scannin0 shall be manual with minimum 1,- overlap.

?.1.* The plate surface shall be sufficiently clean and smooth to maintain a first reflection /rom the opposite side of the plate at least 8, percent of full scale removal at the

manufacturerHs option. &ondition local rou0h surfaces by 0rindin0. Restore any

specified identification which is removed when 0rindin0 to achieve proper surface smoothness.

?.1.9 ! nominal test frequency of .8 mh+ is recommended. Chen testin0 plates lessThan *>9@ in.


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EXAMINATION OF ROLLLED STEEL PLATES )!TE B ?.1.,,P!3E 2. B * / 8

RE%.

!.1.# RECORDING

i= Record all discontinuities causin0 complete loss of bac; reflection.

ii= /or plates @ in.


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RE%.

#.0 ACCEPTANCE STANDARDS

6.1 !ny areas( where one or more discontinuities produces a continuous total loss of #ac; reflection accompanied by continous indications on the same plane that cannot #e encompassed within a circle whose diameter is * in. or of the plate thic;ness( Chichever is 0reater is unacceptable.

6. 'n addition( two or more defects smaller than described in 6.1 shall be unacceptable Anless seprated by a minimum distance equal to the 0reatest diameter of the lar0er )efect or unless they may be collectively encompassed by the circle described in 6.1.

$.0 REPORT

4.1 Anless otherwise stated the followin0 data shall be reported in addition to and inline Cith AT exhibit 1.

4. Plate identity includin0 pinpointed discontinuity locations( len0th and ultrasonic Reflection amplitudes( search unit type( couplant and calibration bloc; used.

4.* Test parameters includin0( type of instrument


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RE%.

$.0 RECORD OF REVISIONS


1 ,1.,1.,, S%R 1., Specification number added

Editorial chan0es.

?.1.,,* S%R 1., Revised for clarity to include thic;ness ran0e(Shape( si+e( mode of wave propa0ation.

.1 Altrasonic instrument requirements added.

*., perator certification requirement chan0ed/rom Level ' to Level ''.

?.1. Scannin0 method and overlap requirement!dded.

?. Para headin0 chan0ed from Jtime ofExamination@ to JSat0e of examination@.

5., Para added to describe the method ofEvaluation.

6.1 AT exhibit 1 added.


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PR&E)ARE 2. B %TRE%'S'2 B 8

VISUAL EXAMINATION PROCEDURE )!TE B ,1.,1.,,5

(F#$ P#%&$ P''* +, &$ -1.1) P!3E 2. B 1 / 8 RE%.

1.0 SCOPE

1.1 This standard procedure defines the requirements of %isual Examination of Power Pipin0 "anufactured to # *1.1( when such examination is mandatory by code or

&ontractually required. This standards procedure is based on the requirements of !rticle 1 and 4( !S"E #oiler and Pressure %essel &ode Section %.

2.0 PROCEDURE FORMAT

.1 Standard Procedure B

Para. *., Special illumination( instruments or equipments. Para. 9., Examination personnel

Para. 8., Time and extent of examination Para. ?., Test procedure Para. 5., Procedure demonstration Para. 6., !cceptance>reflection criteria Para. 4., Records

2.2 A++en+" )$ S!e#)# C$nt"t% : A++en+" )$ %!e#)# $nt"t% #) "n/ %&"'' $nt"#n

T&e )$''$#n :

" A!!'#"t#$n

( Re)eene %!e#)#"t#$n%

De#"t#$n% )$* t% St"n+"+ P$e+e

.0 SPECIAL ILLUMINATION, INSTRUMENTS OR EUIPMENTS

*.1 "irrors of various si+es and shapes. *. Torch li0hts. *.* "a0nifyin0 0lasses. *.9 ther visual aids( as required.


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(F#$ P#%&$ P''* +, &$ -1.1) P!3E 2. B / 8 RE%.

4.0 EXAMINATION PERSONNEL

9.1 %isual examination personnel shall have an annual examination for visual acuity&onducted and certified by a qualified eye specialist or 2)T Level '''( as outlined'n the Eye Examination /rom Kuality Plans.> )rawin0s

!.0 TEST PROCEDURE

?.1 Examination &hec;list B?.1.1 !n examination chec;list shall be used to plan visual examinations and to verify that The required visual observations were performed.

?. %iewin0 visual examination may usually be made when access is sufficient to placeThe eye within 9 inches


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(F#$ P#%&$ P''* +, &$ -1.1) P!3E 2. B * / 8 RE%.

".0 PROCEDURE DEMONSTRATION

5.1 To demonstrate that the examination procedure is adequate( a fine line 1>* inch


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(F#$ P#%&$ P''* +, &$ -1.1) P!3E 2. B 9 / 8 RE%.

10.0 RECORDED OF REVISIONS

RE%.2.

)!TE &:!23ES

, *1.,6.41 /irst 'ssue.

1. ,*.,9.4? 9. Revised to refer to written practice.Exhibit [ 1 is revised to ma;e distance visionrequirement as ,>,.

* ,1.,1.,, 9.1 Revised to refer to visual acuity examination andcertification by 2)T Level '''.

9 ,1.,1.,,9 Eye examination form exhibit [ 1 revised to add J

shades of 0ray@

8 ,1.,1.,,5 Title( Para 1.1 F Procedure Title and Scope revised for &larity.Para 9. F Personnel Kualified to !CS K& 1 are

!uthori+ed to perform visual Testin0 as per #*1.1.Exhibit [1 F &ompany name modified.


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(F#$ P#%&$ P''* +, &$ -1.1) P!3E 2. B 8 / 8 RE%.

EXHI9IT 1 To B

T+)=@ 9' & 8%(@ A D%%% T+)=@ L%=%*) &hinchward. PA2E F 911 ,14.

EYE EXAMINATION REPORT

2ame of Examinee B XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

A. VISION

C%*)% 1 &orrected or uncorrected distance vision actually in at least one eye shall equal or exceed ,>,.

R)/(* The examinee meets the above criteria.

The examinee does not meet the above criteria.

9. COLOUR VISION

C%*)% The examinee is capable of distin0uishin0 and differentiatin0 #etween colours as demonstrated by the 'shihara and shades

f 0rey as per chart no K! > 2)E > ##" > 3S

R)/(* 2ormal.

ther. XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX Si0nature of Examiner )ate


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PR&E)ARE 2. B %T *RE%'S'2 B ,

VISUAL EXAMINATION PROCEDURE )!TE B ,1.,1.,5P!3E 2. B 1 / 6

RE%.

1.0 SCOPE

1.1 This procedure is to outline the method used for direct visual examination of welds and !d7acent parent material area.

1. This procedure meets the requirements of !S"E #$P%& Section '( %''' )ivision 1( % !rticle 4 and #*1.1.

1.* !ll materials and weldments of any shape or si+e shall be examined 1,,- of the!ccessible areas unless otherwise specified.

2.0 EXAMINATION PERSONNEL

.1 %isual examination personnel shall have an annual examination for visual acuity &onducted and certified by a qualif0ied eye specialist or 2)E Level ''' as outlined 'n eye examination form


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VISUAL EXAMINATION PROCEDURE )!TE B ,1.,1.,5P!3E 2. B * / 6

RE%.

6.1* /inished lon0itudinal and circumferential butt welds have complete 7oint penetration To assure that the weld 0rooves are completely filled so that the surfaces of weld

"etal at any point is not below the surface of the ad7oinin0 base weld metal. Celd "etal may be added as reinforcement on each face of the weld. The thic;ness of

the weld reinforcement on each face shall not exceed the values of table 1.

6.1.9 Celd imperfections such as crac;s( pinholes and incomplete fusion detected are not!cceptable.

6.1.8 !s welded surfaces are permitted includin0 fillet weld( however the surface of the weldShall be sufficiently free from coarse ripples( 0rooves( overlaps( abrupt rid0es( and valleysto avoid stress raisers. Andercuts shall not exceed ,.6mm or 1,- of the wall thic;nesswhichever is less and shall not encroach on the required section thic;ness.

6.1.? 'n circumferential 7oints of pipes( tube( header complete penetration at root is required( Root concavity is acceptable( if the 0eometry is not abrupt( the effective thic;ness of

weld shall be equal to or 0reater than the minimum weld thic;ness( as specified in the )rawin0.

$.0 ACCEPTANCE STANDARD FOR 8ELDS & COMPONENTS AS PER 931.1

4.1.1 /ollowin0 indications are not acceptable.

a= &rac;s. b= Andercut on surface( which is 0rater than 1.,mm deep. c= Celd reinforcement 0reater than table . d= Lac; of fusion on surface.

e= in complete penetration when inside surface is readily accessible. f= !ny other linear indication 0reater than 8.,mm lon0 not mentioned in a.b(c and d. 0= Surface porosity with rounded indications seprated by .,mm or less ed0e to ed0e in any

directions rounded indications are indications which are circular or elliptical with their len0th less than three times their width.


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RE%.

T'() 1

2ominal Thic;ness'nch


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RE%.

2otes to table

a= /or double welded butt 7oints( this limitation on reinforcement 0iven above shall apply separately to both inside and outside surfaces of the 7oints.b= /or sin0le welded butt 7oint( the reinforcement limit 0iven above shall apply to the outside surface of the 7oint only.c= The thic;ness of the weld reinforcement shall be based on the thinner of the material bein0 7oined.d= The weld reinforcement thic;ness shall be determined from the hi0her of the abuttin0 surfaces involved.e= Celd reinforcement may be removed if so desired.


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VISUAL EXAMINATION PROCEDURE )!TE B ,1.,1.,5

P!3E 2. B ? / 6 RE%.

VISUAL EXAMINATION REPORT

Report 2o )ate F

#oller 2o drawin0 2o F

&omponent Si+e F

"aterial Specification Celdin0 Process F

Celder 'dentification Part 2o F

Procedure 2o Celder 'd F

SR.2 )'S&2)'2A'TD #SER%!T'2 RE"!R

1 &rac;

Ander flux>under fill

* Ander cut

9 Lac; of side wall fusion on surface

8 &rater( concavity( cavitiesSpatter

11 &opper>tun0sten deposit

1 Scrabs>Silversrid0es=

1* !rc stri;es

19 #urn throu0h

18 Lamination

1? Rolled in


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RE%.

EXHI9IT 1

To B

T+)=@ 9' & 8%(@A D%%% T+)=@ L%=%*) &hinchward( PA2E F 911,14.

EYE EXAMINATION REPORT

2ame of Examinee B

A. VISION C%*)% 1 &orrected or uncorrected distance vision acuity in at least

ne eye shall equal or exceed ,>,.2 &orrected or uncorrected near vision acuity in at least one

Eye shall be equal to or better than 7ae0er [ 1 at 1? inches.

R)/(* The examinee meets the above criteria.

The examinee does not meet the above criteria.

9. COLOUR VISION

C%*)% The examinee is capable of distin0uishin0 and differentiatin0 #etween colours as demonstrated by the 'shihara and shades f 0rey as per chart no K!>2)E>##">3S

R)/(* 2ominal.

ther.

Si0nature of Examiner )ate


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VISUAL EXAMINATION PROCEDURE )!TE B ,1.,1.,5

P!3E 2. B 6 / 6 RE%.



, ,1.,1.,5 S%R /irst 'ssue

Procedure for Liquid Penetrant Examination

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Transcript of Procedure for Liquid Penetrant Examination