Problems and Solutions in Biodiversity Conservation and ... · Problems and Solutions in...

INitiative des TErritoires pour la Gestion Régionale de l’Environnement

Problems and Solutions

in Biodiversity Conservation

and Waste Management

in the Pacific Region

Pascale Salaun and David Haynes

Secretariat of the

Pacific Regional Environment Programme

Programme régional pour l’environnement


Secretariat of the Pacific Regional

Environment Programme• Established in 1993 in Samoa

• 21 Pacific islands • 5 metropolitan

countries• 90 staff

MANDATE•To provide assistance in order to protect and improve the environment to ensure sustainable development for present and future generations,

•To promote cooperation in the Pacific islands region


Pacific Oceanscape Framework

-Visionary framework for cross-

sectoral ocean management-

Pacific Regional Sea Programme

-Global linking mechanism-

Noumea Convention

-Legal instrument-

SPREP strategic plan 2011-

2015

Pacific Plan

-Primary regional

policy-

Regional governance

Secretariat

Secretariat

Secretariat

Marine Sector Working Group

Secretariat


SPREP Structure: BiodiversityClimate Change

Adaptation

Mitigation

Science & Policy

Biodiversity & Ecosystems

Coastal & Marine

Threatened Species

Invasive Species

Biodiversity

Environmental Monitoring

Monitoring

Governance

Planning

Waste & Pollution

Marine and Land

Pollution

Solid Waste

Hazardous Waste

Corporate Services

Outreach

Information & IT

Finance

HR


Unsustainable land use

Emerging Uses

Invasive SpeciesUnsustainable FishingCoastal Development

Climate ChangePollution and Waste

Multiple challenges


Island Integrated management

10 principles

10 case

studies

For a

framework


Oceanscape Vision for integrated

management of Pacific resources

• 2009: proposed by President of Kiribati

• 2010: endorsed by PI leaders

• 2012: Ocean Commissioner established

• 2012: countries make significant commitments under the Oceanscape


Key Priorities of the Pacific

Oceanscape

• Jurisdictional Rights and

Responsibilities

• Good Ocean Governance

• Sustainable development,

management and conservation

• Listening, Learning, Liaising and

Leading


Natural capital & Social features

Mangroves

Coral reefs

Seagrass flats

Upslope forest

• Business district

• Industrial

• Residential

• Informal settlements

INitiative des TErritoires pour la Gestion Régionale de l’EnvironnementAlteration to agenda…

Different natural solutions can be applied in

1. upslope; 2. riverside; 3. coastal

Along with the cost benefit analysis


Multiple resource uses require an

integrated solutionShipping

Deep Sea MineralsFishingCoastal Development

Biodiversity ConservationTourism


A vision for Marine Spatial Planning: communicating the process is essential for successful engagement

Tourism

Pelagic Fisheries

Management

Traditional

Management

Biodiversity

Conservation

Deep

Sea

Minerals

Coastal

Fisheries


SPREP Structure: Waste & Pollution

Climate Change

Adaptation

Mitigation

Science & Policy

Biodiversity & Ecosystems

Coastal & Marine

Threatened Species

Invasive Species

Biodiversity

Environmental Monitoring

Monitoring

Governance

Planning

Waste & Pollution

Marine and Land

Pollution

Solid Waste

Hazardous Waste

Corporate Services

Outreach

Information & IT

Finance

HR


Shipping Related Pollution

Minimising effects of ship related marine pollution

•Marine oil spill training•Ship and Port Waste Management•Invasive Marine Species including ballast water

•13 M tonnes of WWII wrecks in Melanesia and Micronesia•Marine plastic litter


Solid Waste Management

•Integrated strategies at both

regional and national levels:

• Separation of wastes

• Backyard composting of

vegetable and food scraps

• Recycling of glass, plastic,

aluminium and paper

•Waste mass is minimised and

collections costs reduced


A major regional issue

•Disposal of used oil

•E-waste is an emerging regional

problem

•Pesticide contaminated sites (DDT,

dieldrin) occur across the region

•Asbestos in building materials is a

legacy historical waste

• Medical waste including expired

pharmaceuticals are a major problem

Hazardous Waste Management

16


2 Major Hazardous Waste Projects

17

GEF-PAS: Pacific uPOPs

reduction through

improved management of

solid waste:

5 Years, $US9M

EDF10: Hazardous waste

management programme:

asbestos, Ewaste,

healthcare waste:

4 Years, $US11M


Project prioritization:

Regional or National?• Problem: Countries are not necessarily

committed to regional collaboration

• Solution: Build projects at the national level, but

coordinate regionally to take advantage of any

synergies

• Problem: Lack of information about national

priorities to develop national projects

• Solution: Background reconnaissance and

information collation; preparation of regional

strategies that can devolve to the national level


Project funding

• Problem: Donors making national funding

decisions in isolation of regional information

• Solution: National gap analysis, collated to

regional summary, potentially allows better

donor coordination

• Problem: Countries are not necessarily

committed to regional collaboration and

continue bilateral funding negotiations

• Solution: Coordinate projects regionally to take

advantage of any synergies


Project Implementation Support• Problem: Low prioritization by National Focal

Points

• Solution: Project promotion and sign-off through

high level meetings

• Problem: Limited national capacity and expertise,

and competing priorities

• Solution: Projects implemented locally under

supervision- learn by doing, integration with

national plans

• Problem: Lack of national coordination

• Solution: In-country project teams


Project quality control

• Problem: Project must use and be seen to use

national knowledge

• Solution: Build on previously attained capacity

and use national coordinating committees

• Problem: Project must use, and be seen to use

best practice

• Solution: Use expert technical advisory groups, as

well as periodic independent monitoring and

evaluation missions and ensure input and sign-off

from a regional steering group


Project Sustainability• Problem: Finding local/regional solutions to fit

the context

• Solution : Use experienced regional experts

• Problem: Lack of funding

• Solution: Ongoing projects have financial

mechanisms that remove reliance on donors (eg

import tariffs on recyclable materials)

• Solution: Develop regional strategies that

progressively undertake activities which include

an emphasis on training and active project

involvement


Thanks for listening!

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