PRESENTED BY - Universitas Brawijaya · presented by : 1. brilyawan adi 2. aditya kurniawan 3. dewi...
Transcript of PRESENTED BY - Universitas Brawijaya · presented by : 1. brilyawan adi 2. aditya kurniawan 3. dewi...
PRESENTED BY :
1. BRILYAWAN ADI
2. ADITYA KURNIAWAN
3. DEWI NUR RIZCHI
4. ERLIANA NUR DAMAYANTI
5. RIFKA AYU MUQTADIR
6. SUSANTI NOVITA SARI
TRADITIONAL VALUES
Values = a person's principles or standards of behavior; one's judgment of what is important in life.
Today, the US is the most diverse country in the world
Racially, ethnically, culturally, religously
The US has always had some diversity: Native Americans
Spanish settlers
French missionaries
Black slaves
British colonists
Choice for America
Diversity = Pluralism (more than one)
The high diversity in the US meant that people had no choice but to accept it
INDIVIDUAL FREEDOM SELF RELIANCE
EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY COMPETITION
MATERIAL WEALTH HARD WORK
INDIVIDUAL FREEDOM Individual freedom (i.e. you can do
anything you want to do) is the most basic American value.
The British colonial settlers want to escape from:
- kings and governments
- priest and churches
- nobleman and aristocrats
1776, the British settlers declared their independence and establish a new nation
1787, the Constitution for their new nation
Individualism = freedom
Historic decisions:
Limiting the power of the government
Eliminating a formal aristocracy
The desire and the right of all individuals is emerged by freedom
It was a basic value of the new nation in 1776
SELF-RELIANCE
Self-reliance is a price for having individual freedom
Achieving both financial and emotional independence
“stand on their own two feet”
Self-reliance is also a traditional basic American value
Should Americans be self-reliant or not?
Receiving financial support
Keeping their freedom
Government
Charity
Family Losing their freedom
Losing respect
EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY
• “Equality of opportunity” Each individual has an equal
opportunity for success
• “Success” is the main goal of American life – everyone should have the same chance to be successful
• Free from excessive political, religious, and social controls
• Titles of nobility were forbidden in the Constitution
In quality of opportunity, Americans do not mean of everyone is-should be equal.
The concept of fair play is an important aspect of the belief in equality of opportunity
COMPETITION
Competition is a price for getting equality of opportunity
The concept of the winners and losers
Winners are people who like to compete
Losers are people who do not like to compete
People who don’t compete well are seen as misfits
The pressures of competition in the life of an American begin in childhood and continue until retirement from work
The pressure of competition causes Americans to be energetic
However, the pressure of competition also places a constant emotional strain on them
Material Wealth
Slogan for the “American Dream” is the phrase “going from rags to riches”
Material wealth has traditionally been accepted measure of social status in the United States
“Materialism” – to place a high value on material possessions (cars, jewelry, etc)
Why are Americans materialistic?
Hard Work Americans have paid a price for their
material wealth : hard work
Most Americans, still believe in the value of hard work
The limitation of welfare system has some problems :
Some problems are the cost of health care
Many employers no longer offer health insurance
Many families are living in poverty
THE AMERICAN DREAM
J.T.Adams in The Epic of America expressed the term as “the dream of a land in which life should be better, richer, and fuller for every man with opportunities for each according to his abilities and achievement”.
American Dream is based on people’s ability, provided they use enough effort, to reach any goal.