Presed Inti

7/30/2019 Presed Inti

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Ren Mayer (French pronunciation:[ne maj]; 4 May 1895, Paris13 December 1972, Paris) was aFrench Radical politician of the Fourth Republic who served briefly as Prime Minister during 1953.

He led the Mayer Authority from 1955 to 1958.

Paul Finit (18971965) was a Belgian politician who served in the High Authority of the European

Coal and Steel Community and led the Finet Authority from 1958 to 1959

Piero (Peter) Malvestiti (18991964) was an Italian politician who was a minister insuccessive governments in the 1940s and 1950s, a European Commissioner and President of

the High Authority of the European Coal and Steel Community.

He was one of the founders of the Christian Democratic party in 1942, when he merged his

ownMovimento Guelfo dAzionewith the Italian Peoples Party.

From 25 October 1947 he served as under-secretary to the Minister for Finance in the fourth

government ofAlcide De Gasperi which served from 1947 to 1948. In the succeeding fifth

and sixth De Gasperi governments he served as one of the undersecretaries to the TreasuryMinister from 1948 to 1951.

In the succeeding De Gasperi WAYS government from 1951 to 1953 he served as Minister

for Transport. In the succeeding Giuseppe Pella government from 1953 to 1954 he served as

Minister for Industry and commerce.

In January 1958 he became one ofItaly's first European Commissioners as a Vice-president of

the Hallstein Commission with responsibility for the Internal Market. However, in September

1959 he resigned from the commission as he was elected President of the European Coal and

Steel Community, a position he held until November 1963. He was replaced on the

commission by Giuseppe Caron.

Malvestiti died in 1964. There is a street in Milan named Via Pierro Malvestiti.

Rinaldo Del Bo (or Dino Del Bo) (19161991) was an Italian politician who served in the HighAuthority of the European Coal and Steel Community, serving as President of the body between 9

October 1963 and 1967 as the Del Bo Authority

Albert Copp(Bruges 26 November 1911 - Tervuren, 30 March 1999) was a Belgian and Europeanpolitician and economist. He was a founding member of the CDV party and served in the European

Commission as Commissioner for Social Affairs, Transport & Budget under the Malfatti & MansholtCommissions. He also led an interim High Authority in the European Coal and Steel Community in

1967

Louis Armand (17 January 1905 30 August 1971) was a French engineer who managed severalpublic companies and had a significant role during World War II as an officer in the Resistance. He

was the first chair ofEuratom and was elected to the Acadmie franaise in 1963.

tienne Hirsch (19011994) was a French civil engineer and administrator who served as Presidentof the Commission of the European Atomic Energy Community between 19591962 (see Hirsch

Commission).

Pierre Chatenet was a French politician born 6 March 1917 in Paris and died 4 September 1997 inTafers. He served as French Interior Minister from 1959 to 1961. From 1962 he became the last
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nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Commissionerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giuseppe_Pellahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcide_De_Gasperihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movimento_Guelfo_d%E2%80%99Azione&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Democracy_(Italy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Coal_and_Steel_Communityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Authority_of_the_European_Coal_and_Steel_Communityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commissionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Commissionerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics_of_Italyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finet_Authorityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Coal_and_Steel_Communityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Coal_and_Steel_Communityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Authority_of_the_European_Coal_and_Steel_Communityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayer_Authorityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Fourth_Republichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radical_Party_(France)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_French


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President of the Commission of the European Atomic Energy Community, until the body was merged

with the European Economic Community in 1967. (See Chatenet Commission)

Hallstein

In 1957, Hallstein was unanimously elected the first president of the Commission of theEuropean Economic Community (now the European Commission) in Brussels,

[37]and at the

beginning of January 1958 he took up the post.[37]

He was officially appointed on 7 January

1958.[38]

He was to be re-elected in 1960, 1962, and 1964, and remain until 1967.[3]

In 1961 he was awarded the Charlemagne prize (Karlspreis) by the City of Aachen for his

efforts in the cause of European federation.[3]

In 1962, when the United Kingdom and Ireland were applying to join the European Economic

Community, he startled an Irish journalist by saying that he had not thought it necessary even

to open, let alone read Ireland's application. He then memorably summed up Ireland's

dilemma "If the UK goes in, you go also; if not you too will stay out. Britain can possiblycome in without Ireland but Ireland cannot come in without Britain." The French veto on the

United Kingdom indeed made it effectively impossible for Ireland to join until the removal of

the French veto made it possible for both to join in 1972[39]

.

As a proponent of a federal Europe with a strong Commission and Parliament, he was

opposed to de Gaulle's vision of an Europe des tats (Europe of States) with more powerretained by national governments, and in September 1967 he was forced to resign as president

of the Commission.[3]

Jean Rey (15 July 190219 May 1983) was a Belgian lawyer and Liberal politician who became thesecond President of the European Commission. The 19831984 academic year at the College of

Europe was named in his honour.

Franco Maria Malfatti di Monte Tretto ( pronunciation(helpinfo)) (Rome, 13 June 192710 December 1991), was an Italian politician and President of the European Commission.

A descendant ofPhilip IV of France and wife Joan I of Navarre [1], Malfatti was born

in Rome. He was an important member of the governing council ofDemocrazia Cristiana (the

Christian Democratic party) in which he became chief of political bureau, and covered several

institutional charges.

In Democrazia Cristiana, he was a member of Dossetti's lobby, together with AmintoreFanfani,Aldo Moro, and Giorgio La Pira. In 1951 he was elected national representative for

young members; in 1958 he was elected deputy for the district ofRieti and Umbria. He served

as minister for Foreign Affairs (197980), Finance (197879), Instruction, Industry, State

trades, and Mail and Telecommunications.

He was also the third President of the European Commission from 1970 to 1972. The

"Malfatti Commission" began as the integration process was relaunched: the EC adopting a

financial framework and competing the single market. There was also the beginnings of

political cooperation, monetary cooperation and of enlargement as talks opened with

Denmark, Ireland, Norway and the United Kingdom.[1]

He resigned from this post in 1972 to

run for office in Italy.
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In the 1980s he was chief of the Italian delegation in the European Parliament. Politically

close to Aldo Moro's lobby, Malfatti was among the participants in Bilderberg meetings.

Sicco Leendert Mansholt (13 September 1908, Ulrum, Groningen 30 June 1995, Wapserveen,Drenthe) was the fourth President of the European Commission in 19721973. He was the European

Commissioner for Agriculture from 1958 until 1972

Franois-Xavier Ortoli (16 February 192530 November 2007) was a French Gaullist politician andbusinessman. He served with the Free French Forces during World War II and was decorated with the

Croix de guerre,Mdaille militaire and Mdaille de la Rsistance. He served in various ministerial

capacities in the 19681969 administration ofPrime Minister of France Maurice Couve de Murville

including Finance Minister. He was French European Commissioner from 1973 to 1985 holding

various portfolios, serving as the fifth President of the European Commissioner between 1973 and

1977 leading the Ortoli Commission. He was later director of Marceau Investissements and President

of Total. He was also the grandfather of Antoine-Xavier Troesch, a formerly eminent investment

banker. Together with Etienne Davignon he attended the founding meeting of the European Round

Table of Industrialists in Paris in 1983

Roy Jenkins was a candidate for the leadership of the Labour Party in March 1976, but camethird out of the six candidates, behind Callaghan and Michael Foot. Jenkins had wanted to

become Foreign Secretary,[7]

but accepted an appointment as President of the European

Commission (succeeding Franois-Xavier Ortoli) after Callaghan appointed Anthony

Crosland to the Foreign Office.

The main development overseen by the Jenkins Commission was the development of the

Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union from 1977, which began in 1979 as

the European Monetary System, a forerunner of the Single Currency or Euro.[8]

PresidentJenkins was the first President to attend a G8 summit on behalf of the Community.

[9]Jenkins

remained in Brussels until 1981, contemplating the political changes in the UK from there.

He received an Honorary Degree (Doctor of Laws) from the University of Bath in 1978.[10]

Gaston Egmond Thorn (3 September 192826 August 2007) was a Luxembourg politicianwho served in a number of high-profile positions, both domestically and internationally.

Amongst the posts that he held were the 20th Prime Minister of Luxembourg (197479),

President of the United Nations General Assembly (1975), and the seventh President of the

European Commission (198185).

Thorn was born in Luxembourg City. While still at school he engaged in resistance activities

during the German occupation, and spent several months in prison. After the war he studied

law in Montpellier, Lausanne and Paris, and practised law in Luxembourg before entering

politics in 1959, representing the liberal Democratic Party. He was Chairman of the

Democratic Party from 1961.

Thorn was Foreign Minister and Foreign Trade Minister of Luxembourg from 1969 1980,

Prime Minister from 19741979 and Minister of Economics from 1977 to 1980. He was also

a member of the European Parliament from 19591969, and President of the United Nations

General Assembly from 19751976.
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/Michael_Foothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)_leadership_election,_1976http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Round_Table_of_Industrialistshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Round_Table_of_Industrialistshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etienne_Davignonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_S.A.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ortoli_Commissionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commission#List_of_presidentshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_European_Commissionerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Couve_de_Murvillehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9daille_de_la_R%C3%A9sistancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9daille_militairehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croix_de_guerre_1939-1945_(France)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_French_Forceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaullist_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Commissioner_for_Agriculturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Commissioner_for_Agriculturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commission#List_of_presidentshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drenthehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wapserveenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groningen_(province)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulrumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Parliament


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In 1980 Thorn was chosen as President of the Commission of the European Communities

(now called the European Union), in succession to Roy Jenkins. He took office on 12 January

1981. He was seen as very close to the President of France, Valry Giscard d'Estaing, and

generally as a defender of French interests in European politics.

Although Thorn was not considered a very forceful Commission President, during his term ofoffice the Commission continued to expand its power, both at the expense of the national

governments of EC members, and of the European Parliament, with which the Commission

engaged in a constant power struggle. In this Thorn laid the groundwork for his successor

Jacques Delors, who took the Commission to the height of its power.

After leaving the Commission Presidency in 1985, Thorn went into business. He was

chairman of Luxembourg's largest media company CLT and president of the Banque

Internationale de Luxembourg.

Thorn remained active in international and political affairs, as President of the International

European Movement and as a member of the Trilateral Commission and of the Jean MonnetCommittee. He was also president of the Liberal International, a grouping ofliberal political

parties, and is now this organisation's President of Honour. He was married to Liliane Thorn-

Petit, a journalist.

Delors became the President of the European Commission in January 1985. During his

presidency, he oversaw important budgetary reforms and laid the groundwork for the

introduction of a single market within the European Community, which came into effect on 1

January 1993. (see Delors Commission for details)

In the autumn of 1988 Delors addressed the British Trade Union Congress, promising that the

EC would be a force to require governments to introduce pro-labour legislation. British Prime

Minister Margaret Thatcher responded with her famous Bruges Speech in September 1988, in

which she said that she had not rolled back the frontiers of the state in Britain only to see them

reimposed by a Brussels superstate. These developments were of key importance for domestic

UK politics as recently as the early 1980s large elements of the Labour Party had been

opposed to British membership of the EC, whereas the Conservatives under Harold

Macmillan (1957-1963) and Edward Heath (1970-1974) had favoured joining. After 1988 it

was to be the Conservatives who were divided, with Thatcher and her supporters opposed to

further European federalism.

On 1 November 1990, shortly before Thatcher was ousted as Prime Minister, Delors bore thebrunt of British Euroscepticism; tabloid newspaperThe Sun'sheadline declaimed "Up YoursDelors" in response to his supposed attempts to force European federalism upon the UK.

[2]

Jacques Santer (born 18 May 1937 in Wasserbillig) is a Luxembourg politician.

He was finance minister of Luxembourg from 1979 until 1989, and the 22nd Prime Minister

of Luxembourg from 1984 to 1995, as a member of the Christian Social People's Party, which

has been the leading party in the Luxembourg government since 1979. As Prime Minister of

Luxembourg he also led the negotiations on the Single European Act, which effectively set

aside the 20-year old Luxembourg Compromise.
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Santer became the ninth President of the European Commission in 1995 as a compromise

choice between the United Kingdom and a Franco-German alliance, after the Franco-German

nominee Jean-Luc Dehaene was vetoed by British prime minister John Major.[1]

Santer

selection was barely ratified by a European Parliament upset with the process for which

Commission presidents are selected.[2]

In the same year, 1995, Santer became the first recipient of the Vision for Europe Award.

Allegations of corruption concerning individual EU-commissioners led to an investigation

into administrative failings (incompetence and malpractice) by an independent group of

experts. Despite clearing most commissioners, the report stated that they had not found a

single person showing the slightest sense of responsibility. Because the implicated

commissioners refused to resign and because the President of the European Commission did

not have the power to dismiss individual commissioners, Santer and his entire commission

resigned on 15 March 1999, the very day of the report's publication (see Santer Commission:

Resignation).

From 1999 until 2004, Santer was a member of the European Parliament. He also was on

General Mediterranean Holdings' board, a financial holding owned by Anglo-Iraqi Nadhmi

Auchi.

He is currently President of Group Europe,[3]

a member section of the Union of European

Federalists.

On Monday 23 January 2012, Jacques Santer was appointed to head the board of the Special

Purpose Investment Vehicle (SPIV), which is designed to boost the firepower of the European

Financial Stability Facility, the eurozone rescue fund.[4]

Manuel Marn Gonzlez (born 21 October 1949) is a Spanish politician, former President of theCongress of Deputies of Spain. He was a long-time member of the European Commission, and

President during the interim Marin Commission following the Resignation of the Santer Commission,

of which he was a member

Romano Prodi

In September 1999 Prodi, a prominent pro-European, became President of the European

Commission, thanks to the support of both the conservative European People's Party and

social-democratic Party of European Socialists in the European Parliament. It was during

Prodi's presidency, in 2002, that eleven EU member states abandoned their national currencies

and adopted the Euro as their single currency. This commission (the 10th) saw in increase in

power and influence following Amsterdam Treaty. Some in the media described President

Prodi as being the first "Prime Minister of the European Union".[9][10]

and in 2004, still during

Prodi's presidency, the EU was enlarged to admit several more member nations, most

formerly part of the Soviet bloc. As well as the enlargement and Amsterdam Treaty, the Prodi

Commission also saw the signing and enforcement of the Treaty of Nice as well as the

conclusion and signing of the European Constitution: in which he introduced the "Convention

method" of negotiation. Prodi's mandate expired on 18 November 2004, whereupon he

returned to domestic politics

J.E.D. Barosso
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In 2004, the proposed European Constitution and now the Treaty of Lisbon included a

provision that the choice of President must take into account the result of Parliamentary

elections and the candidate supported by the victorious Europarty in particular. That provision

was not in force in the nomination in 2004, but the centre-right European People's Party

(EPP), who won the elections, pressured for a candidate from its own ranks. In the end, Jos

Manuel Barroso, the EPP candidate, was chosen by the European Council.[5]

On the same basis, the EPP again endorsed Barroso for a second term during the 2009

European election campaign and, after the EPP again won the elections, was able to secure his

nomination by the European Council on 17 June 2009. On 3 September 2009, Barroso

unveiled his manifesto for his second term.[6]

On 16 September 2009, Barroso was re-elected

by the European Parliament for another five years.[7][8][9]

If he completes his second term he

will become only the second Commission president to serve two terms, after Jacques Delors.

During his first presidency, the following important issues were on the Commission's agenda:

Turkey applying for EU membership The reform of the institutions (Treaty of Lisbon) The Bolkestein directive, aimed at creating a single market for services within the EU Lisbon Strategy Galileo positioning system Doha Development Agenda negotiations European Institute of Innovation and Technology An EU climate change package

One of his first tasks since being re-elected was a visit to Ireland to persuade Irish citizens to

approve the Treaty of Lisbon in the country's second referendum due to be held the following

month.

[10]

Barroso was greeted by Irish Minister for Defence Willie O'Dea and Peter Power,the Minister of State for Overseas Development, as he got off his plane at Shannon Airport on

the morning of 19 September 2009 before briefly meeting with the joint committee of the

Oireachtas and meeting and greeting people at functions in Limerick's City Hall, University of

Limerick(UL) and the Savoy Hotel.[10]

He told The Irish Times in an interview referencedinternationally by Reuters that he had been asked if Ireland would split from the European

Union.[11]

He also launched a 14.8 million grant for former workers atDell's Limerick plant,

described as "conveniently opportune" by former Member of the European Parliament and

anti-Lisbonite Patricia McKenna.[12]

On 12 September 2012 Barroso has called for the EU to evolve into a "federation of nation-

states". Addressing the EU parliament in Strasbourg, Mr Barroso said such a move wasnecessary to combat the continent's economic crisis. He said he believed Greece would be

able to stay in the eurozone if it stood by its commitments. Mr Barroso also set out plans for a

single supervisory mechanism for all banks in the eurozone.[13]

[edit] Controversies

In 2005Die Weltreported that Barroso had spent a week on the yacht of the Greek shippingbillionaire Spiro Latsis. It emerged soon afterwards that this had occurred only a month before

the Commission approved 10 million euros of Greek state aid for Latsis's shipping company

though the state aid decision had been taken by the previous European Commission before

Barroso took up his post.[14] In response to this revelation, Nigel Farage MEP of the UKIndependence Party persuaded around 75 MEPs from across the political spectrum to back a
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7/7

7

motion of no confidence in Barroso, so as to compel him to appear before the European

Parliament to be questioned on the matter.[15]

The motion was tabled on 12 May 2005, and

Barroso appeared before Parliament as required at a debate on 26 May 2005.[16]

The motion

itself was heavily defeated.

In response to criticism for his choice of a less fuel efficient Volkswagen Touareg, amid EUlegislation of targets drastically to reduce car CO2 emissions, Barroso dismissed this as

"overzealous moralism".[17]

In April 2008, amid sharp food price rises and mounting food vs fuel concerns, Barroso

insisted that biofuel use was "not significant" in pushing up food prices.[18]

The following

month, he announced a study that would look into the issue.[19]

The backdoor approval of the

GE potato, by President Barroso, has met a wave of strong opposition from EU member-

states. The governments of Greece, Austria, Luxembourg, Italy, Hungary and France have all

publicly announced that they will not allow the GE potato to be grown in their countries.

Barroso has expressed criticism of national governments arguing "Decisions taken by themost democratic institutions in the world are very often wrong."

[20]
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Presed Inti

Documents

Transcript of Presed Inti