The client listed above and Stone Initiatives jointly own copyright over this document. This document shall not be reproduced without the express permission of one of the copyright owners and in any case shall only be reproduced in full. Stone Initiatives shall not be liable for loss, cost, damage or expense incurred by any third party resulting from the use of any information or interpretation given in this report. In no case shall Stone Initiatives be liable for consequential damages including, but not limited to, lost profits, damages for failure to meet deadlines and lost production arising from this report. The results relate only to the items tested. Samples will be stored for 30 days. Stone Initiatives and Materials Testing Group Pty Ltd ABN 82 462 051 744 | ACN 106 166 296 Unit 2, 19 Light Crescent, Mount Barker, SA 5251 P +61 (0) 8 8391 6844 M +61 (0) 400 251 020 www.stonemtg.com.au info@stonemtg.com.au

16 November 2016

PPM Enterprises 1/21 Macquarie Dr. Thomastown VIC 3074 Attention: Mr. Denny Chan

Raven Granite Testing of G684 – Raven granite

Client reference: Request D. Chan

Our reference: PPM1016-1A

Investigating officers: Kate Tonkin, Graham Baggs & Mark Milevski

Report prepared by: Graham Baggs

Amended: This report replaces report PPM1016-1 dated 8th of November 2016, due to the addition of extra testing for Skid Resistance. Please dispose of any previous copies

James P Mann Laboratory Manager

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1. INTRODUCTION

Stone Initiatives received a request from the client’s representative to evaluate a sample of granite. The sample supplied was identified as follows:

G684 Raven (our reference G762)

G684 Raven Split (our reference G673)

2. EVALUATION

The aim of the investigation was to determine the basic physical properties. The tests carried out were:

Water Absorption / Bulk Specific Gravity Unconfined Compressive Strength Abrasion Resistance Modulus of Rupture Resistance to Acid Attack Slip Resistance Accelerated Wear – Slip Resistance Skid Resistance Resistance to Salt Attack - durability

Water absorption and bulk specific gravity were determined on G684 Raven in accordance with ASTM C97-15 "Standard Test Methods for Absorption and Bulk Specific Gravity of Dimension Stone". The specimens had been dried at 60 2C for 48 hours followed by soaking at 22 2C for a further 48 hours.

The compressive strength of the sample was determined in accordance with ASTM C170M-16 "Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Dimension Stone”. The dry specimens had been dried at 60±2˚C for 48 hours prior to testing. The soaked specimens had been immersed in water for 48 hours at 22±2˚C.

Modulus of rupture testing was carried out in accordance with ASTM C99-15 "Standard Test Method for Modulus of Rupture of Dimension Stone”. The dry specimens had been dried at 60±2˚C for 48 hours prior to testing. The soaked specimens had been immersed in water for 48 hours at 22±2˚C.

Acid resistance was determined in accordance to Stone Initiatives test method SI-ACR-14. The specimens were subjected to a bath of 1%, 5% and 10% v/v hydrochloric acid solution. The specimens were immersed for a period of one hour and then washed to remove residual acid. The samples were then compared with a ‘control – untreated sample’ sample and scored from 1 to 5 based on the change in appearance (e.g. colour bleaching). A score of 5 represents “no visible change in appearance” while a score of 1 represents “severe damage and/or significant colour change”.

Slip Resistance of the G684 Raven was determined in a wet condition in accordance with Appendix A of AS 4586:2013 “Slip resistance classification of new pedestrian surface materials”. Testing was carried out at five sites using a British Pendulum fitted with a Slider 96 (4S)1 rubber slider. Testing was performed on the flamed finish of the sample being the proposed wearing surface.

Slip Resistance after accelerated wear of the G684 Raven was determined in accordance with SI-AWT-2016 (incorporating AS 4586:2013). The sample was subjected to wear cycles with a standardized scrub tester and wear pads. The slip resistance was measured in accordance with AS4586 at intervals of 0,100,500,1000 and 5000 cycles. The test was modified to use only one specimen which was selected as the specimen with the least initial slip resistance.

Skid resistance (for vehicular traffic) of the surfaces was measured according to the South Australian DPTI Technical Procedure TP345:2-10, consistent with the recommendations of BS EN 1342.2001 and results evaluated against DPTI Technical Note 24 recommendations.

……………………………………………………… 1 Slider expiry date: 28 April 2017

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The durability of the sample was determined according to Method A of AS/NZS 4456.10:2003 "Masonry Units and Segmental Pavers - Methods of Test - Method 10: Determining Resistance to Salt Attack”. This involved subjecting the specimens to 15 cycles of soaking in a 6.2% sodium sulphate solution for a period of 2 hours followed by overnight drying at 65˚C.

3. RESULTS

Results are summarized in the table below and compared with the ASTM specification for granite C615-11. Full test data are detailed in Appendix A of this report.

Property G684 - Raven

Mean (Range) ASTM C615-11 Specification for

Granite

Bulk Specific Gravity kg.m-3

Water Absorption % by weight

Compressive Strength Dried (MPa) Soaked (MPa)

Abrasion Resistance (Ha)

Modulus of Rupture Dried (MPa) Soaked (MPa)

Acid Resistance Visual Rating

5: No Visible Change - 1: Major Colour Change Slip Resistance – AS4586:13

SRV Classification

Accelerated Wear Slip Resistance (Single specimen)

SRV – 500 cycles Classification – 500 cycles

Skid Resistance Skid Resistance Value – Temperature

Corrected Grip Number

Resistance to Salt Attack Weight loss (%) Durability Grade Mode of Decay

2985 (2966 – 2999)

0.07 (0.05 - 0.09)

187 (162 – 214) 174 (152– 205)

94 (89 – 100)

20 (14 – 25) 26 (22 – 30)

1

59 P5

38 P3

79 0.79

0.1 A2

VS SP

2560 (min)

0.40 (max)

131 (min) 131 (min)

25 (min)

10.3 (min) 10.3 (min)

- - - - - - - - -

……………………………………………………… 2 An internal Stone Initiatives classification designating stone with a high resistance to salt attack.

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3.1. Physical Properties

The samples of G684 granite tested comply with all of the physical property requirements of ASTM C615 for granite dimension stone.

3.2. Slip Resistance

When tested for pedestrian slip resistance (AS 4586-2013), the G684 Raven with a flamed finish achieves a P5 classification (SRV >54). According to Table 3B of the Standards Australia handbook HB198-20143 the surface finish is suitable for the following locations4:

External walkways including ramps, sloping driveways, footpaths etc., including those steeper than 1 in 14

External ramps including sloping driveways, footpaths etc., under 1 in 14, external sales areas (e.g. markets), external carpark areas, external colonnades, walkways pedestrian crossings, balconies, verandahs, carports, driveways, courtyards, and roof decks.

3.3. Skid Resistance

When tested for skid resistance (DPTI TP345:2-10) the Raven – G684 split samples achieved skid resistance values of between 70 and 83 (temperature corrected) equivalent to a grip numbers of between 0.7 and 0.83.

According to the South Australian DPTI Technical Note 24 table “Recommended Skid Resistance Investigatory Levels” a minimum grip number of 0.40 is required for urban/lightly trafficked roads at a maximum vehicle speed of 60kph.

……………………………………………………… 3 Guide to the specification and testing of slip resistance of pedestrian surfaces 4 5.2 of HB198 states: “The use of these values should be in the context of design, which also considers abnormal wear, maintenance, abnormal contamination, the presence (or otherwise) of water or other lubricants, the nature of the pedestrian traffic (including age, gait and crowding), the footwear (or lack thereof), slope lighting and handrails.”

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Appendix A

Test Certificates

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