CO2

Power Plant Air PollutantControl “Mega” Symposium

August 25 - 28, 2008

Integrated SO2 Control andCO2 Capture in a Coal FiredPower Plant

Presented by: Rick Birnbaum Devin Shaw

Cansolv Technologies at aGlance

Founded in 1997 as Union Carbide spin-off Canadian Controlled Private Corporation Located in Montreal, Canada and

Shenzhen, P.R.C. Global leader in amine based

regenerable scrubbing for SO2 and CO2 Providing solutions for:

• Oil & Gas applications : Sulfur plants, FCCs,Cokers

• Industrial combustion applications: coal andbitumen boiler flue gas

• Smelter applications (lead/zinc furnaces,copper anode furnaces)

• Others: acid plant tail gas, incinerator off-gas

SATISFIED CUSTOMERSWORLDWIDE

2009<1000.5%157,000USAAcid Plant Tail Gas

20070.90%50,000CanadaSpent catalyst

20090.40%35,000ChinaSulfuric Acid plant

2002< 150.50%40,000USASulfuric Acid plant

20080.40%960,000ChinaCoal-Fired Cogen Boiler

20070.09% – 2%40,000ChinaCopper Smelter

20090.1% – 10%30,000ChinaLead Smelter

20051500.1% – 11%35,000IndiaLead Smelter

200230 - 457% – 10%4,000CanadaZinc Smelter

2006250.20%430,000USAFluid Coker

200625800 ppmv740,000USAFluid Catalytic Cracking unit

20092%18,000CanadaSulfur Recovery unit

2006< 1404%20,000USASulfur Recovery unit

2002101%12,000BelgiumSulfur Recovery unit

START-UPDATE

FINALEMISSIONS(ppmv)INLET SO2

GAS FLOW(Nm3/h)LOCATIONAPPLICATION

CANSOLV® AROUNDTHE WORLD

Plants in operation Projects (Engineering/Construction phase)

Pilot Plants 2006 - 2008 Cansolv Offices

Learnings from the First10 Years

• Regenerable SO2 Scrubbing is a viable market • Amine is stable in the presence of oxygen, SO2 and metal oxide and ash derived particulates• Amine chemistry is robust• Process operability is sound at all scales of operation• Amine molecule is excellent candidate for CO2

capture

CANSOLV CO2CAPTURE

The CO2 Value Chain is DevelopingBut Much Work Needs to be Done

24/7hrs/day365 day/yr25+ yearProjectLife

CO2 InjectionBasis

Injection

ReservoirEngineerQualifying Disposal Options

CombustionAnd Fuel

Power ProducersExploringOptions

Capture Technology

Capture TechnologiesAdjusting toClient needs

CompressionTechnology

TransportAnd Boosting

CompressionTechnologiesBetter fit intoValue Chain

The CO2 Value Chain isDeveloping

24/7hrs/day365 day/yr25+ yearProjectLife

CO2 InjectionBasis

Capture Technology

CompressionTechnology

TransportAnd Boosting

Injection

ReservoirEngineerQualifying Disposal Options

CombustionAnd Fuel

Power ProducersExploringOptions

Capture TechnologiesAdjusting toClient needs

CompressionTechnologiesBetter fit intoValue Chain

Regulatory and LegalFramework Developing

CO2 Capture Market

Utility perspective• 10 to 30 year carbon reduction targets (tons/kWh)• CCS competes with low carbon intensity sources:

renewables, hydro, nuclear• Capture from highest concentration sources

(coal)• Sequestration economics geography dependant• Timeline: study, pilot, demonstrate, measure,

price.• Political impact central to current activities.• Carbon now central to decisions on new capacity

CO2 Capture Market (Cont’d)

Utility perspective• Not familiar with amine capture. Need to

better understand and manageimplementation risk

• Focus on process / heat integration tominimize energy costs

• Will require extensive knowledgedevelopment in byproduct managementmarkets

CO2 Capture Technology -Current Leaders

Oxy-combustion - Focus on O2 production/ CO2 purity

Chilled Ammonia - Focus on energy costs and flue gas cooling

Amine Based Capture Systems - Focus on energy; degradation and amine losses and integration with power cycle

Cansolv CO2 TechnologyDevelopment Strategy

SO2 compatible Amine based Easy operability of system Lower energy & degradation

than benchmark• stable• reasonable cost• easily sourced• acceptable HS&EA properties

The technology developers challenges:• Developing technology literacy among

customer base• Responding to intense demand for

information• Mastering integration across sectors and

applications• Developing executable, financeable

projects (packaging technical &financial risk)

• Managing market expectations

CO2 Capture Market (Cont’d)

Cansolv CO2 Flowsheet

ABSORPTION COLUMN

REGENERATION COLUMN

AMINE PURIFICATION UNIT

Treated Gas toStack

Impurities toBlowdown

Steam

Condensate

Rich Amine

Lean Amine

Feed Gas

PrescrubQuenchCooling

Water Wash

M/UWater

PurgeWater

CO2Product

LeanFlashSteam

InterstageCooler

Advantages- Standalone process; can be retrofitted as part of Carbon Capture Ready strategy- Up to 90% capture- Integrated internally with MVR and Reboiler Sizing Considerations- Energy consumption approaches 1.18 t steam per tonCO2

Cansolv CO2 CaptureFlowsheet

Energy Consumption is the MainChallenge for CO2 CaptureProcesses

Boiler

Fuel

Feed

Power

Flue Gas

CO2CO2 Capture CO2 Compression

Steam Systems1.4 - 1.7 lb stm/lb CO2

Power Systems

CoolingSystems

Engineering Can Reduce NetEnergy Consumption

Boiler

Fuel

Feed

Power

Flue Gas

CO2

CO2 Capture• Lean Flash MVR• Close Approach temp in Rblr.• Heat from Acid plant• Heat from SO2 Scrubber

CO2 Compression

Steam Systems1.0 - 1.3lb stm/lb CO2

Power Systems

CoolingSystems

LP Steam FromTurbine

Regenerable SO2 ScrubbingAdds to CO2 Efficiency

Basis - 500 MW; 5% S Coal; 80% Carbon

SO2 Scrubbing

H2SO4 Byproduct

CO2 Scrubbing

Steam

CANSOLV Focus - SO2 andCO2 Value Chain and ProcessIntegration

SO2 Scrubbing Byproduct Not historically valued by utilities Introduces by-product market risk and addedcomplexity to operations Recent positive shift in attitudes due to :

Liabilities related to landfilling gypsumCost of limestone / gypsum value chainIncreasing value of by-product (historic highs for

sulfur and sulfuric acid)Potential Post Combustion CO2 Capture obligations

SO2 Scrubbing Can SubsidizeCO2 Capture

Coal Fired Boiler Complex - China5% S, 25% ash boilerVery high mercury and arsenic in coal220 MW equivalent capacity9 tons per hour SO2 or 300 tons per day 98.5%

sulfuric acidNew single contact acid plant built to handle

off-takeAcid plant emissions also controlled by

CANSOLV SO2

Byproduct Byproduct value @ $300/ton:value @ $300/ton:USD 35 million / yearUSD 35 million / year

CANSOLV CO2-SO2 CAPTURE SYSTEM

Sequential removal of SO2 & CO2

99%+ Pure water saturated streamsdelivered

Bulk removal of CO2, ZERO SO2 emissions

Latent energy in SO2 regeneration used asadditional source of regeneration energy forCO2 regeneration

1 ton LP steam / ton CO2 removedachievable

Location: Japan

Demonstration Unit for a Coal Fired Blast

Furnace Slipstream Inlet Gas : 3,500Nm³/hr

CO2 Concentration : ~22 %

CO2 removal : 90%, 30 tpd

No SO2 present

Plant inProcurement

since April 2008

CO2 Capture fromflue gas of a CoalFired Blast Furnace

Process DescriptionStart-Up DateApplication

CO2 PROJECTS INENGINEERING/PROCUREMENT

Location: Norway

Demonstration Unit for a Gas Fired Boiler

Slipstream Inlet Gas : 80,000 Nm³/hr

CO2 Concentration : ~3 %

CO2 removal : 90%, 100 tpd

SO2 Concentration : 50 ppmv

SO2 Emissions : 0 ppmv

Plant inEngineering

since July 2008

CO2 Capture fromflue gas of a Gas

Fired Boiler

Process DescriptionStart-Up DateApplication

CO2 PROJECTS INENGINEERING/PROCUREMENT

CO2 PROJECTS INENGINEERING/PROCUREMENT

Location: Germany

Demonstration Unit for a Coal FiredPower Plant with SO2 and CO2 Scrubbing

Slipstream Inlet Gas : 20,000 Nm³/hr

CO2 Concentration : ~12 %

CO2 removal : 90%, 100 tpd

SO2 Concentration : 70 ppmv

SO2 Emissions : 0 ppmv

Plant inEngineering

since July 2008

CO2 Capture fromflue gas of a CoalFired Power Plant

Process DescriptionStart-Up DateApplication

CANSOLV SO2 - CO2 CAPTURE DEMOPLANT

ABSORPTION COLUMN

CO2 RegeneratorColumn

CO2 AMINE PURIFICATION UNIT

Treated Gas toStack

ImpuritiestoBlowdown

CO2Product

CondensateRichAmine

Feed Gas

Steam

In LineQuench

WaterWash

M/UWater

SO2 AMINE PURIFICATION UNIT

Steam

Cond.

ImpuritiestoBlowdown

SO2Product

SO2 RegeneratorColumn

SO2 Overhead Compression

CO2 RegeneratorColumn

SO2 RefluxDrum

SO2Product

SO2 RegeneratorColumn

SO2 O/HMVR

Lean CO2Amine

-SO2 OverheadCompression

Reduces CO2 Steam by 0.2 t steam /tonCO2 generates revenuefrom byproductconversion- Process concept willbe demonstrated at 50t/day CO2 scale in2009

Motor Drive Mechanical VaporRecompression

LeanAmine

Rich amine

Electrical energy

LP Steam

Condensate

P = 1.2 Bar

P = 2.1 Bar

Flash Tank

Bottom ofRegeneration tower

liquid

vapour

Reduces Steam Consumption by 0.2 t steam/t CO2

Integrated

SO2 ControlandCO2 Capture

DemonstrationPlant

Thank You

Questions?