PHOTOGRAPHIC TERMINOLOGYKelsey Keighley

Unit 57: Photography and Photographic Practice TerminologyP1, P2, M1, M2

SHUTTER SPEED

Shutter speed is to do with the length of time the camera shutter is open when capturing an image. The shutter speed setting will depend on how much light there is when taking the images. The brighter the light the faster the shutter speed should be, the less light the slower the shutter speed. For example if I was to taking images outside where the light was really bright; I would use anything from 1/60s to 1/1000s. If I was to taking images at night time; I would use shutter speeds from 1s to 1/60s. If the shutter speed is set on the wrong setting images could come out either too blurry.

(1st image) (2 nd image)

Shutter Speed - 1s Shutter Speed - 1/4 s

F-Stop - F/5.6 F-Stop - F/5.6

No Flash No Flash

SHUTTER SPEED

Fast Shutter SpeedSlow Shutter Speed

When taking these images I set the shutter speed slower, this creates a blur as you can see in the picture on the left. The shutter has been left open longer so this means the light of the moving car has been expanded further than the image on the right.

ISO ISO is to do with the sensitivity of the image sensor, the lower

the number the less sensitive your camera is to light and the finer the grain. The larger the iso number the brighter the image and the more grainer the image will look.

(1st Image) (2nd Image)Shutter speed - 1/500 Shutter speed - 1/500F-Stop - F/1.8 F-Stop - F/1.8ISO – 640 ISO - 5000

ISO

Low ISO High ISO

The ISO has changed these images a lot. The low ISO image has captured every detail although it is quite dark. The high ISO image has lost detail in the background, if you look closely at the image and zoom in you can see the digital noise that has appeared. ISO makes images loose a lot of detail.

APERTURE & DEPTH OF FIELD

Depth of field is all to do with F-stop. The smaller the F-stop setting the more blurred the background will be. This is known as a shallow or narrow depth of field. The larger the F-stop setting the less blurred the background on the image will be. This is known as a long depth of field. For example if the F-stop was set at F/5 the background would be very blurred, but if the settings were changed to F/10 the less blurred the background would be.

(1st Image) (2 nd Image)Shutter speed - 1/1250 Shutter speed - 1/1250F-Stop - F/6.3 F-Stop - F/13No Flash No Flash

APERTURE & DEPTH OF FIELD

Narrow Depth of Field Long Depth of Field

Before I took these Images I set the F-stop settings differently for each of these two images. The difference between them both is that for the narrow depth of field the F-stop was at a small setting. This makes the camera focus of the object (the branch) and makes the background very blurred. The image for long depth of field was set at a larger F-stop making the background less blurred.

RULE OF THIRDS

The rule of thirds is a grid that appears on the screen of the camera. The grid helps align certain objects within the frame. Using this grid will ensure your images are well balanced. Studies have shown that when people view images their eyes usually go to one of the intersection points rather than the centre.

This is an example of the grid.

EXAMPLES OF RULE OF THIRDS

In these two shots I’ve placed the subjects along a whole line which means they are just off the centre, this creates an additional point of interest.

MANUAL EXPOSURE

Manual exposure is when having full control of the settings on the camera. The settings are Shutter speed, ISO and aperture.

These images that I captured myself. These are example of manual exposure.

(1st Image)

F-stop: 1/10Shutter Speed: 1/1600sISO: 1600

(2nd Image)

F-stop: 1/9Shutter Speed: 1/200sISO: 1600