Pengenalan Sistem Badan (E)

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Lab Activity 2

Organ Systems

Martini Chapter 1, Pages 9-10


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Integumentary System

Structures: Skin, hair, sweat and oil glands

Function:

Forms external body covering

Protects deeper tissues from injury

Involved in vitamin D synthesis

Prevents desiccation, heat loss, and pathogen entry Site of pain and pressure receptors


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Skeletal System Structure: 206 bones of the human body

Function:

Protects and supports body organs

Provides a framework that muscles can use to

create movement

Hematopoiesis (synthesis of blood cells) Mineral storage

Bone contains 99% of the bodys store of calcium


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Muscular System

Structures: The 600+ muscles of the body

Function:

Locomotion

Manipulation of the environment

Maintaining posture

Thermogenesis (generation of heat)


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Nervous System

Structures: Brain, Spinal cord,

and peripheral nerves.

Function:

Fast-acting control system of the body

Monitoring of the internal and external environment

and responding (when necessary) by initiatingmuscular or glandular activity

Information Assessment


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Endocrine System Structures: Hormone Secreting Glands

Pituitary, Thyroid, Thymus, Pineal,

Parathyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas, SmallIntestine, Stomach, Testes, Ovaries,

Kidneys, Heart

Functions:

Long-term control system of the body

Regulates growth, reproduction, and

nutrient use among other things.


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Cardiovascular System

Structures:

Heart, Blood vessels (arteries, veins, and

capillaries)

Functions:

The heart pumps blood thru the blood vessels.

Blood provides the transport medium for nutrients(glucose, amino acids, lipids), gases (O2, CO2),

wastes (urea, creatinine), signaling molecules

(hormones), and heat.


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Lymphatic/Immune System

Structures: Lymphatic vessels, Lymph nodes, Spleen, Thymus,

Red bone marrow Functions:

Returning leaked fluid back to the bloodstream

Disposal of debris

Attacking and resisting foreign invaders (pathogensi.e., disease-causing organisms)

Absorption of fat from the digestive tract


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Respiratory System

Structures:

Nasal cavity, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs

Functions: Constantly supply the blood with O2, and remove

CO2

Regulate blood pH


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Digestive System

Structures:

Oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small intestine,

large intestine, rectum, salivary glands, pancreas,liver, gallbladder

Functions:

Ingestion and subsequent breakdown of food into

absorbable units that will enter the blood for

distribution to the bodys cells


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Urinary System

Structures:

Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder,

urethra

Functions:

Removal of nitrogenous wastes Regulation of bodys levels of water, electrolytes,

and acidity


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Reproductive System

Structures:

Male:

Testes, scrotum, epididymis, vas deferens, urethra,prostate gland, seminal vesicles, penis

Female:

Ovary, uterine tube, uterus, cervix, vagina, mammary

glands

Functions:

Making Babies

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