PAPER BATTERY

PAWAR ROHIT

1OX12EC418

INTRODUCTION

Battery takes large amount of space and consumes more weight.

Researchers show interest in Ultrathin,Flexible,safe energy storage device.

To overcome the limitations of current electro-chemical batteries.

Nano scale.

Nano composite paper

What is Paper Battery?

A paper battery is a flexible, ultra-thin energy storage and production device formed by combining carbon nanotube with a conventional sheet of cellulose-based paper.

A paper battery acts as both a high-energy battery and super-capacitor , combining two components that are separate in traditional electronics .

It is non toxic, environment friendly and is everything that a conventional battery is not.

The nano materials are a one-dimensional structure with very small diameters.

It can be bent and twisted, trimmed with scissors or molded into any needed shape.

GENERAL Li-ION BATTERY Generally Li-ion re-chargeable batteries are used in

mobiles,laptops and most of the electronic devices. 3 primary functional component of Li-ion battery are: 1. -ve electrode(graphite) 2. +ve electrode(cobalt oxide) 3.electrolyte( lithium salt in organic solvent)

During discharge and charging, lithium ions Li+ carry the current from the negative to the positive electrode and vice-versa respectively, through the non-aqueous electrolyte

Problems with conventional batteries

Lower specific power compared to fuels

Weight and size

High charging time

Environmental hazards

Explosion, corrosion, leakage

High cost

WHY TO USE PAPER BATTERY?

Ultra-thin size & flexible structure.

Exhibits property of super-capacitor(22F-36F per gram)

Operating temperature(-75 to 100 degree Celsius)

provide both long-term, steady power production and bursts of energy.

Cost-effective.

Carbon nano tubes:

A carbon Nanotube is a tube-shaped material, made of carbon, diameter

measures on the nanometer scale also known as Buckytubes.

A nanometer is one billionth of the meter.

Carbon Nanotubes have many structures, differing in length, thickness,

and in the type of helicity and number of layers.

CNTs exhibit extraordinary strength and unique electrical properties, and

are efficient thermal conductors.

Hollow structure with the walls of carbon called graphene. These sheets

are rolled at specific and discrete angles, and the combination of the

rolling angle and radius decides the Nanotube properties.

Spinning Carbon Nanotube

CARBON NANOTUBE

Rolled at angle

Graphene structure

Fabrication process

First black carbon ink is applied on a

cellulose based paper….

Black carbon ink is being spread on

the paper….

It is heated so that The carbon

Nanotubes get attached to the paper

Peal it off

Connect LED on

both the ends…and

check it

STRUCTURE OF PAPER BATTERY

Working of Paper Battery

Traditional Batteries produce electrons through a chemical reaction between electrolyte and metal.

Chemical reaction in the paper battery is between electrolyte and carbon Nanotubes.

paper battery produces electrons due to the interaction of electrolytes LTO & LCO.

Electrons collect on the negative terminal of the battery and flow along a connected wire to the positive terminal during discharging.

Electrons must flow from the negative to the positive terminal for the chemical reaction to continue.

Light, rugged, flexible, can be rolled, crunched, cut, made into

any shape.

The nano composite paper is compatible with a number of

electrolyte like blood, urine, sweat etc.

We can control the power and voltage issue.

Non toxic and hence can be used to power pacemakers and RF tags.

Environment friendly.

It could charge 10-20 times faster than conventional Li-ion.

“Paper Battery Would Be THE Answer To Electrical Energy Storage Problems.”

Advantages

Limitation

Carbon nanotubes are expensive.

The idea is still in the labs and a commercially.

viable paper battery will take at least 40-60 years to

become a reality.

Generation of E-Waste.

Should not be inhaled as they can damage lungs.

Application

Pace makers (uses blood as electrolyte)Used as alternate to conventional batteries in gadgets.Devices in space shuttles.Powered smart cards RF id tags, smart clothes.

•Pacemakers in heart flexible batteries for smart cards

Future scope

Flexible paper batteries could meet the energy demands of the next generation of gadgets.

The ambition is to produce reams of paper that could one day power a car.

The paper battery was a glimpse into the future of power storage.

Conclusion They can be made in virtually any shape and size to meet

the requirements of each application.

The batteries are rechargeable, and have reduced cost and

weight which in itself may give birth to new applications.

Paper battery could solve all the problems associated with

electrical energy storage.

However the reality is still very far away, though the

researches are promising.

Reference Highly Conductive Paper for Energy Storage Devices Yi Cui,

Liangbing Hu, JangWook Choi, Yuan Yang - Aug 2010

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paper_battery

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_(electricity)

http://www.stanford.edu/group/cui_group/papers/87%20paper%20battery.pdf

The youtube video:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QPTcQJPbGHw