PAIN-FREE GRAMMAR Parts of Speech. Nouns Person Place Thing Idea.
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Transcript of PAIN-FREE GRAMMAR Parts of Speech. Nouns Person Place Thing Idea.
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PAIN-FREE GRAMMAR
Parts of Speech
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Nouns
Person Place Thing Idea
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Common vs. Proper
Determines capitalization Proper nouns name specific…
persons Mom
places England
things that have formal names Dead Poets’ Society
events New Year’s Eve
(Proper nouns are always capitalized.)
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Note:
Capitalize adjectives that are forms of proper nouns: French bread, Texan beauty queen.
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Common vs. Proper
Common nouns refer to informal, generically named… Persons
poet Places
country Things
film Events
Holiday (Common nouns are not capitalized.)
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Concrete vs. Abstract
Concrete nouns occupy space or can be detected by the senses: My dog, Buster, wagged his tail as he sniffed the wind.
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Concrete vs. Abstract
Abstract nouns name an idea, a quality, or a characteristic. Love is the center of all great
friendships. Attraction and devotion are key
elements of a good marriage.
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Collective Nouns
the collective noun, looks like a singular word, but it names a group.
It can be considered singular or plural, depending on the meaning.
the family that couple the audience the board (of directors)
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Why does this matter?
You will need to decide from context whether the collective noun is singular or plural, and make sure all associated verbs and pronouns match in number.
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I asked the board for its approval. (not “their approval”) (Here, “board” is singular, because the board is acting as a unit.)
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I asked the board to raise their hands if they approved. (not “its hands…it approved”) (Here, “board” is plural, because the individual members raise their hands individually.)
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The family decided to take its vacation in the mountains this year. (Family acting as one unit, taking its vacation.)
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The family may write their signatures in the special guestbook in the lobby. (Family members are writing their names as individuals.)
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Collective Nouns Review
The council spent all its/their time debating the new budget.
The class raised its/their
hand/hands to show Mrs. Rennie it/they
understood collective nouns.