Organization of the Human BodyBody SystemsBody Cavities

Orientation TerminologyYour 1st Exit Quiz will follow today’s

lecture – pay attention and be prepared!

Anatomy – the structure of what makes up the body

Physiology – the function of the things in the body

Levels of OrganizationA. Cells

B. Tissues

C. Organs

D. Organ systems

E. Organism

A. Cells• How many different types of cells are in

your body?

• Examples

B. Tissues• Examples:

1. Epithelial

2. Connective

3. Nervous

4. Muscle

1. Epithelial - sheets of closely packed cells that cover the surface of your body and your organs

2. Connective tissue - holds together and supports other tissues

Examples

• Blood

• Fat (adipose)

• Bone

• Cartilage

3. Nervous tissue - for communication and response• Neuron –the structural and functional units

of our nervous system

Examples• Longest nerve in the

human body - Sciatic nerve in legs

4. Muscle tissue – for movement1. Skeletal - those attached to the

skeleton (voluntary)

2. Cardiac - our heart muscle (involuntary)

3. Smooth - make up our internal organs (involuntary)

C. Organs

• Examples

D. Organ Systems

Skeletal System

• Largest bone – femur

• Smallest bone – stapes– Size of a grain of rice

Muscular System• Largest (SA) –

latissimus dorsi in your back

You use 200 muscles for every step you take!

• Longest – sartorius across front of leg• Smallest – stapedius connects stapes in sensitive middle ear

• Strongest – masseter in jaw

E. Organism

• Example

BODY CAVITIES

I. Dorsal

• A. Cranial

• B. Spinal

II. VentralA.Thoracic

1. Pericardial

2. Pleural

B. Abdominal

C. Pelvic

What’s found in the thoracic cavity?

• Heart

• Lungs

• Esophagus

• Trachea

What’s found in the abdominal cavity?

• Stomach

• Intestines

• Liver

• Kidneys

What’s found in the pelvic cavity?

• Bladder

• Reproductive organs

Regions of the Fetal Pig

• Cranial

• Pectoral

• Pelvic

• Caudal

Directional Terminology

• Anterior

• Posterior

• Dorsal

• Ventral

Estimate your pig’s age

Size Time

40 mm 54 days

80 mm 68 days

100 mm 75 days

158 mm 86 days

220 mm 100 days

300 mm 114 days