OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH (MEM 603) CHEMICAL HAZARD

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH (MEM 603)CHEMICAL HAZARDPREPARED BY:MUHAMAD HAZIQ BIN JAMALUDINKHAIRUL NIZAR BIN MUHAMMAD NOORMUHAMAD RAZWAN BIN ABDUL AZIZAMIRUN NISYAM BIN AMIRUDDINMUHAMMAD FAEEZ BIN MD THAITH

WHAT IS CHEMICAL HAZARD?Chemical elements, compounds or mixtures thereof, whether natural or synthetic, but do not include microorganisms. Hazard Potential to cause harm.Chemical hazard Systems where chemical accidents could occur under certain circumstances.

DO EMPLOYEE NEEDS TRAINING?It is important to give training and give information for employees who are exposed to hazardous chemicals:The hazard communication standard and its requirements.The components of the hazard communication program in the employees' workplaces.Operations in work areas where hazardous chemicals are present.Where the employer will keep the written hazard evaluation procedures, communications program, lists of hazardous chemicals, and the required Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) forms.(source: www.osha.gov)

The employee training plan must consist of the following elements:The hazards of the chemicals in the work area. How the hazard communication program is implemented in that workplace, how to read and interpret information on labels and the MSDS, and how employees can obtain and use the available hazard information.Measures employees can take to protect themselves from the hazards.Specific procedures put into effect by the employer to provide protection such as engineering controls, work practices, and the use of PPE.Methods and observations (such as visual appearance or smell -workers can use to detect the presence of a hazardous chemical to which they may be exposed).

(source: www.osha.gov)

MSDS * Material safety data sheet4HOW MUST CHEMICALS BE LABELED?Chemical manufacturers and importers must convey the hazard information they learn from their evaluations to downstream employers by means of labels on containers and material safety data sheets (MSDSs). (REFER SCHEDULE 1, PG 269)Each container must be labelled, tagged, or marked with the identity of hazardous chemicals contained therein, and must show hazard warnings appropriate for employee protection. LABELS, TAGS, OR MARKINGS

Many container labels will have diamond or a box that is divided into colour coded sections: Health (blue), Flammability (Red), Reactivity (Yellow) and Other or Corrosive (white). Numbers of 0-4 will be assigned to each section of the diamond to indicate the degree of hazard; 0 indicates low hazard, and 4 is highest level of hazard.

Labels can be used to quickly learn how to work with chemicals safely and how they may impact your health. All GHS compliant labels feature the following elements:Chemicals are classified into 16 physical, 10 health and 3 environmental Hazard Classes.Danger symbols (on next slide) are used to quickly convey these hazard classes. (REFER SCHEDULE 2, PAGE 271)Signal Words appear on the label and include Danger for high hazards and Warning for moderate hazards. (REFER SCHEDULE 2, PAGE 271)Hazard statement(s) describe the nature of the hazard (e.g. causes damage to kidneys through prolonged or repeated exposure when absorbed through the skin) (REFER SCHEDULE 3, PAGE 275)Precautionary Statements describe how to protect your self (ex. Use only in well ventilated area). (REFER SCHEDULE 4, PAGE 279)Labels must also include the Name, address, and phone number of the responsible party as well as the Product identifier (product or chemical name).

HAZARD WARNINGThe hazard warning can be any type of message, words, pictures, or symbols that provide at least general information regarding the hazards of the chemical(s) in the container and the targeted organs affected

PREVENTION OF CHEMICAL HAZARDSContinually review the work environment and work practices to control or prevent workplace hazards.

Some ways to prevent and control hazards are:Regularly and thoroughly maintain equipmentEnsure that hazard correction procedures are in placeEnsure that everyone knows how to use and maintain personal protective equipmentMake sure that everyone understands and follows safe work proceduresEnsure that, when needed, there is a medical program tailored to your facility to help prevent workplace hazards and exposuresAfter detection, all current and potential hazards must be prevented, corrected or controlled. Systems used to prevent and control hazards include:

PACKAGING REQUIREMENTIf the packaging is a container, the container should be so designed and constructed that its content cannot escape unless there is a requirement for safety devices to be fitted into the container.The material constituting the packaging and the fastenings are nus susceptible to adverse attack by the contents therein or liable to for harmful or dangerous compounds with the contents.The packaging and fastening are strong and solid throughout to ensure that there will not come loose and will safely meet the normal stress and strain of handling.Containers fitted with replaceable fastening devices are so designed that the packaging can be repeatedly fastened without the contents escaping.

SEAL OF PACKAGEA supplier shall ensure that package are initially closed with a seal in such a way that once the package are opened, the seals are broken could not be repaired.DIMENSION OF LABELSCAPACITY OF PACKAGEDIMENSION (mm)< 3 LITERS

3 LITERS < X < 50 LITERS

50 LITERS < X < 500 LITERS

>500 LITERSAT LEAST 52 X 74

AT LEAST 74 X 105

AT LEAST 105 X 148

AT LEAST 148 X 210(REFER SCHEDULE 5, PAGE 282)CHEMICAL DISASTERMinamata disaster It was caused by the release of methylmercury in the industrial waste water from the Chisso Corporation's chemical factory.This highly toxic chemical bio-accumulated in shellfish and fish in ocean, which when eaten by people, resulted in mercury poisoning.As of March 2001, 2,265 victims had been officially recognised as having Minamata disease (1,784 of whom had died) and over 10,000 had received financial compensation from Chisso.

Effects of Minamata diseaseHuman

On animals

Video on Minamata disaster

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