OAKESHOTT INSURANCE SUMS & VALUES. VERY ENGLISH HUMOUR It sounds like English, but I can't...

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OAKESHOTT INSURANCE OAKESHOTT INSURANCE SUMS & VALUES SUMS & VALUES

Transcript of OAKESHOTT INSURANCE SUMS & VALUES. VERY ENGLISH HUMOUR It sounds like English, but I can't...

Page 1: OAKESHOTT INSURANCE SUMS & VALUES. VERY ENGLISH HUMOUR It sounds like English, but I can't understand a word you're saying. It sounds like English, but.

OAKESHOTT INSURANCEOAKESHOTT INSURANCESUMS & VALUESSUMS & VALUES

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VERY ENGLISH HUMOURVERY ENGLISH HUMOUR

It sounds like English, but I can't It sounds like English, but I can't understand a word you're saying.understand a word you're saying.

Thank you. We're all refreshed and Thank you. We're all refreshed and challenged by your unique point of challenged by your unique point of view.view.

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SUMS & VALUESSUMS & VALUES INSURABLE VALUE = INSURABLE VALUE =

СТРАХОВАБЕЛЬНАЯ СТРАХОВАБЕЛЬНАЯ СТОИМОСТЬ = СТОИМОСТЬ = СТРАХОВАЯ СТРАХОВАЯ

СТОИМОСТЬСТОИМОСТЬ SUM INSURED = SI =SUM INSURED = SI =СТРАХОВАЯ СТРАХОВАЯ

СУММАСУММА VALUE INSUREDVALUE INSURED

INSURED AMOUNTINSURED AMOUNT

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UNDER- & OVERINSURANCEUNDER- & OVERINSURANCE SI > IV – SI > IV – В СНГ НЕВОЗМОЖНОВ СНГ НЕВОЗМОЖНО SI > IV – AGREED VALUESI > IV – AGREED VALUE VALUED & UNVALUED POLICIESVALUED & UNVALUED POLICIES ОСТОИМОЩЕННЫЕ? ОЦЕНЕННЫЕ?ОСТОИМОЩЕННЫЕ? ОЦЕНЕННЫЕ? AVERAGE CLAUSE NOT APPLIEDAVERAGE CLAUSE NOT APPLIED AVERAGE WAIVER GUARANTEE -AXAAVERAGE WAIVER GUARANTEE -AXA CIF + 10 % in CARGO INSURANCECIF + 10 % in CARGO INSURANCE INCREASED VALUE POLICIESINCREASED VALUE POLICIES RETURN TO INVOICE POLICYRETURN TO INVOICE POLICY

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MARINE INSURANCE ACT 1906MARINE INSURANCE ACT 1906S. 16 INSURABLE VALUES. 16 INSURABLE VALUE

(4) In insurance of any other subject-(4) In insurance of any other subject-matter, the insurable value is the matter, the insurable value is the amount amount at the risk of the assured at the risk of the assured when the policy attacheswhen the policy attaches, plus the , plus the charges of insurance. charges of insurance.

(4) В страховании иных объектов, (4) В страховании иных объектов, страховабельная стоимость – страховабельная стоимость – это это сумма на риске страхователя в сумма на риске страхователя в момент начала действия полиса момент начала действия полиса плюс расходы на страхование. плюс расходы на страхование.

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ICC 2009 ICC 2009 CONSTRUCTIVE TOTAL LOSSCONSTRUCTIVE TOTAL LOSSКОНСТРУКТИВНАЯ ПОЛНАЯ ГИБЕЛЬКОНСТРУКТИВНАЯ ПОЛНАЯ ГИБЕЛЬ

...because the cost of recovering, ...because the cost of recovering, reconditioningreconditioning and forwarding the and forwarding the subject-matter insured to the destination subject-matter insured to the destination to which it is insured would exceed its to which it is insured would exceed its value on arrival.value on arrival.

расходы по восстановлению, расходы по восстановлению, приведению в исходное состояние приведению в исходное состояние и и перевозке объекта страхования до перевозке объекта страхования до места назначения, до которого он места назначения, до которого он застрахован, превысят его стоимость по застрахован, превысят его стоимость по прибытию. прибытию.

  

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AHEAD TO SOURCESAHEAD TO SOURCES PAGES 20-35, 80, 104-109, 143-146PAGES 20-35, 80, 104-109, 143-146 ICC (A) LOSS CAUSES:ICC (A) LOSS CAUSES: (1) (1) directly causeddirectly caused, , (2)(2) indirectly causedindirectly caused, , (3)(3) caused bycaused by an event, an event, (4)(4) arising fromarising from an event. an event. (5) (5) resulting fromresulting from an event, an event, (6)(6) attributable toattributable to an event, an event, (7) (7) proximatelyproximately caused caused

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В ПОЛИСАХВ ПОЛИСАХ VALUEVALUE SUM INSUREDSUM INSURED PML=PML= POSSIBLE MAXIMUM POSSIBLE MAXIMUM

LOSSLOSS LIMIT OF LIABILITYLIMIT OF LIABILITY SUB-LIMITS (DEBRIS / SUB-LIMITS (DEBRIS /

AIRFREIGHT)–ON TOP?AIRFREIGHT)–ON TOP? ... average property in the UK is... average property in the UK is

underinsured by 40% (AXA)underinsured by 40% (AXA)

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КАК ОПРЕДЕЛИТЬ СТОИМОСТЬКАК ОПРЕДЕЛИТЬ СТОИМОСТЬ--ДЕЙСТВИТЕЛЬНАЯ = РЕАЛЬНАЯДЕЙСТВИТЕЛЬНАЯ = РЕАЛЬНАЯ = =

ACTUAL = FAIR (?)ACTUAL = FAIR (?)

--РЫНОЧНАЯРЫНОЧНАЯ = SOUND MARKET VALUE = SOUND MARKET VALUE

-SELLING PRICE, PEAK VALUE, OR A -SELLING PRICE, PEAK VALUE, OR A COMMODITY EXCHANGE VALUECOMMODITY EXCHANGE VALUE

--ВОССТАНОВИТЕЛЬНАЯВОССТАНОВИТЕЛЬНАЯ = = REPLACEMENT VALUE=REBUILDINGREPLACEMENT VALUE=REBUILDING

- USER VALUE = SALE PRICE WITH - USER VALUE = SALE PRICE WITH DEDUCTION FOR DEPRECITION DEDUCTION FOR DEPRECITION 

--ПО ПРИНОСИМОМУ ДОХОДУПО ПРИНОСИМОМУ ДОХОДУ

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LONG TERM ASSET VALUELONG TERM ASSET VALUE

Hamburg Shipbrokers Association VHSSHamburg Shipbrokers Association VHSS DYSFUNCTIONAL/IRREGULAR MARKETDYSFUNCTIONAL/IRREGULAR MARKET

a) An uncharacteristically low number of a) An uncharacteristically low number of Sales candidates Sales candidates - 3 - 3 monthsmonths

b) Seller or Buyer under time pressureb) Seller or Buyer under time pressure

c) A difference of 30% between current c) A difference of 30% between current transaction prices and the “LTAV” transaction prices and the “LTAV” – – 3 mos3 mos

d) Low number of market participantsd) Low number of market participants

e) The absence of regular market conditions e) The absence of regular market conditions (e.g. unavailability of debt financing)(e.g. unavailability of debt financing)

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http://www.vhss.de/LTAV_english.pdfhttp://www.vhss.de/LTAV_english.pdf

1 1 C C = Current Net-TC-Rate in running year (Base: = Current Net-TC-Rate in running year (Base: ConTex; Baltic Dry Index (BDI); other proven data etc.)ConTex; Baltic Dry Index (BDI); other proven data etc.)

T C T C 2− = Average-Net-TC-Rate of the past 8-10 years 2− = Average-Net-TC-Rate of the past 8-10 years (if possible, otherwise shorter)(if possible, otherwise shorter)

t B t B = Average-OPEX of the last 8-10 years (if possible, = Average-OPEX of the last 8-10 years (if possible, otherwise shorter)otherwise shorter)

i = Discount ratei = Discount rate t = period ( 1 t = period ( 1 t t current year; current year; T t T t 2− : period end)2− : period end) T= Remaining period until Age 20/25 YearsT= Remaining period until Age 20/25 Years T RW T RW = Residual value, based on LDT, average USD = Residual value, based on LDT, average USD

scrap price/ldt and multiple (ldt in long tons, 1t= scrap price/ldt and multiple (ldt in long tons, 1t= 0.9842 lt)0.9842 lt)

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INTERESTING OR NOT?INTERESTING OR NOT? HELPING BANKS TO SURVIVE THE HELPING BANKS TO SURVIVE THE

CRISISCRISIS DUAL VALUATIONDUAL VALUATION

MARKET VALUE FOR U/WRS, BUT A MARKET VALUE FOR U/WRS, BUT A FURTHER AMOUNT WOULD BE FURTHER AMOUNT WOULD BE

AVAILABLE TO BANKS TO COVER THE AVAILABLE TO BANKS TO COVER THE O/ST LOAN AMOUNTO/ST LOAN AMOUNT

BETTER: BETTER: SETTLEMENT-IN-KIND, SIMON SETTLEMENT-IN-KIND, SIMON STONEHOUSE, 19/9/9STONEHOUSE, 19/9/9

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ENVIRONMENTAL FOOTPRINTS ENVIRONMENTAL FOOTPRINTS OF SHIPS AND OF SHIPS AND

THE FUTURE ASSET VALUETHE FUTURE ASSET VALUE http://www.mareforum.com/Oslo_Shipping_Forum

_2008_Presentations/SVENSEN.pdf Emissions to air and energy usage are the Emissions to air and energy usage are the

main environmental challenges to shipping main environmental challenges to shipping in the coming centuryin the coming century

Shipping will have to make major changes Shipping will have to make major changes to address the new environmental to address the new environmental demands due to changes in energy cost, demands due to changes in energy cost, regulations and cargo carrier demands. regulations and cargo carrier demands.

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ENVIRONMENTAL FOOTPRINTS ENVIRONMENTAL FOOTPRINTS OF SHIPSOF SHIPS

The competitive landscape changes, as The competitive landscape changes, as environmental demands and energy costs environmental demands and energy costs increase: A ship that was state-of-the-art increase: A ship that was state-of-the-art and leading the competition 5 years ago, and leading the competition 5 years ago, may in another 5 years have fallen far may in another 5 years have fallen far behind competition with detrimental loss behind competition with detrimental loss in asset value.in asset value.

Commercial risk management: Pro-Commercial risk management: Pro-activeness towards environmental activeness towards environmental challenges will pay now. challenges will pay now.

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PRECEDENTSPRECEDENTS

THOR V INGOSSTRAKHTHOR V INGOSSTRAKH, , HIGH COURTHIGH COURT – – ИНСТИТУТ ИНСТИТУТ AGREED VALUE AGREED VALUE НЕ ВСЕГДА НЕ ВСЕГДА ПРИМЕНЯЕТСЯ ДАЖЕ В ЛОНДОНЕ ПРИМЕНЯЕТСЯ ДАЖЕ В ЛОНДОНЕ

СМ. НАШУ БРОШЮРУ «ОСОБЕННОСТИ СМ. НАШУ БРОШЮРУ «ОСОБЕННОСТИ (ИНТЕР) НАЦИОНАЛЬНОГО (ИНТЕР) НАЦИОНАЛЬНОГО СТРАХОВАНИЯ» И КНИГУ «ДАВАЙ С СТРАХОВАНИЯ» И КНИГУ «ДАВАЙ С ТОБОЙ ПОГОВОРИМ»ТОБОЙ ПОГОВОРИМ»

ГЛАВНОЕ – ИНГОССТРАХ НИ РАЗУ НЕ ГЛАВНОЕ – ИНГОССТРАХ НИ РАЗУ НЕ СПУТАЛ СПУТАЛ SUM INSURED & VALUE!SUM INSURED & VALUE!

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Leppard v Excess Inssurance Co. Leppard v Excess Inssurance Co. Ltd. [1979] 2 All ER 668Ltd. [1979] 2 All ER 668

Indemnity principle does not entitle an Indemnity principle does not entitle an insured to recover a sum which is greater insured to recover a sum which is greater than his/her true loss. than his/her true loss.

The insured purchased a property from his The insured purchased a property from his father with the intention of selling it on to father with the intention of selling it on to a third party at a third party at £4,500£4,500

Insured the property against fire for Insured the property against fire for £10,000 £10,000 which was later increased to which was later increased to £14,000£14,000. .

When the property was destroyed by fire, When the property was destroyed by fire, agreed rebuilding costs agreed rebuilding costs £8,000£8,000. .

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Leppard v Excess Inssurance Co. Leppard v Excess Inssurance Co. Ltd. [1979] 2 All ER 668Ltd. [1979] 2 All ER 668

Held that his Held that his loss was £3,000loss was £3,000 The sum he stood to lose if he sold the The sum he stood to lose if he sold the

property, being the market value of the property, being the market value of the property (property (£4,500£4,500) less the post-fire value ) less the post-fire value of the site (of the site (£1,500£1,500). ).

Intending to sell a property, you will Intending to sell a property, you will notnot be be entitled to retrieve entitled to retrieve the rebuilding the rebuilding costs/reinstatement costs costs/reinstatement costs - only - only the the

market value. market value. http://www.law.ed.ac.uk/courses/showmessage.aspx?http://www.law.ed.ac.uk/courses/showmessage.aspx?

ref=6&id=42864ref=6&id=42864

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Dornoch Ltd / Royal & Sun Alliance etc. andDornoch Ltd / Royal & Sun Alliance etc. andBoskalis Westminster / Nigerian Westminster Boskalis Westminster / Nigerian Westminster

12/2/200912/2/2009 Самая большая землечерпалка (Самая большая землечерпалка (trailing trailing

suction hopper dredgersuction hopper dredger) в мире ) в мире WD WD Fairway Fairway (230 м длины, 60,000 двт, 13 м (230 м длины, 60,000 двт, 13 м осадка) 1997 года постройкиосадка) 1997 года постройки

В марте 2007го года столкнулась в В марте 2007го года столкнулась в китайских водах с контейнеровозом китайских водах с контейнеровозом MSC Joanna – MSC Joanna – полная гибель. полная гибель.

Застрахована на 150 миллионов евро.Застрахована на 150 миллионов евро. Столько страховщики и выплатили. Столько страховщики и выплатили. И приготовились продавать останки. И приготовились продавать останки.

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Dornoch Ltd / Royal & Sun Alliance etc. andDornoch Ltd / Royal & Sun Alliance etc. andBoskalis Westminster / Nigerian Westminster Boskalis Westminster / Nigerian Westminster

12/2/200912/2/2009

А останков уже не было. А останков уже не было. Боскалису не сильно понравилась идея Боскалису не сильно понравилась идея

того, что страховщики продадут, в того, что страховщики продадут, в принципе, подлежащее ремонту судно принципе, подлежащее ремонту судно конкурентам. конкурентам.

И – продал судно своему Нигерийскому И – продал судно своему Нигерийскому филиалу за тысячу евро. филиалу за тысячу евро.

Останки оценивались в 25-75 Останки оценивались в 25-75 миллионов (!) евро. миллионов (!) евро.

Суд решил вернуть останки Суд решил вернуть останки страховщикам.страховщикам.

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Dornoch Ltd / Royal & Sun Alliance etc. Dornoch Ltd / Royal & Sun Alliance etc. НЕБЫСТРЫЕ СТРАХОВЩИКИНЕБЫСТРЫЕ СТРАХОВЩИКИ

- Март 2007 – столкновение.- Март 2007 – столкновение. - 27/3/2007 – владельцы абандонируют судно в - 27/3/2007 – владельцы абандонируют судно в

пользу страховщиковпользу страховщиков - к 16/4/2008 – оплата КПГ- к 16/4/2008 – оплата КПГ - к 20/7/2008 – страховщики собирались - к 20/7/2008 – страховщики собирались

осуществить свои права на судноосуществить свои права на судно - 25/8/2008 страхователь - предложил купить - 25/8/2008 страхователь - предложил купить

за 25 млн. евро - отказ, за 25 млн. евро - отказ, - к декабрю 2008го страховщики заявили, что - к декабрю 2008го страховщики заявили, что

они хотят принять судно, они хотят принять судно, - 9/1/2009 один из ответчиков продал судно за - 9/1/2009 один из ответчиков продал судно за

1,000 евро другому ответчику. 1,000 евро другому ответчику.

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Dornoch Ltd / Royal & Sun Alliance etc. Dornoch Ltd / Royal & Sun Alliance etc. INSURED VALUESINSURED VALUES

150 МЛН. ЕВРО:150 МЛН. ЕВРО: - 5 млн. – первый лейер (- 5 млн. – первый лейер (Primary layerPrimary layer, ,

размещенный на голландском рынке), размещенный на голландском рынке), - 68.5 - 68.5 млнмлн. – . – второй лейер второй лейер (Excess Hull and (Excess Hull and

Machinery Cover),Machinery Cover), - 18.375 млн. – полис повышенной стоимости - 18.375 млн. – полис повышенной стоимости

((Outfit andOutfit and//or Disbursementsor Disbursements) (25 % от ) (25 % от страховой стоимости по каско), страховой стоимости по каско),

- 58.125 - 58.125 млнмлн. –. –загадочный для меня загадочный для меня Excess Excess layer Section B “Interest Whatsoever”. layer Section B “Interest Whatsoever”.

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ОБЩИЙ ВЫВОД?ОБЩИЙ ВЫВОД? СООТНОШЕНИЕ СТОИМОСТИ И СООТНОШЕНИЕ СТОИМОСТИ И

СТРАХОВОЙ СУММЫ – ОДИН ИЗ СТРАХОВОЙ СУММЫ – ОДИН ИЗ ОСНОВНЫХ ПУНКТОВ ЛЮБОГО ОСНОВНЫХ ПУНКТОВ ЛЮБОГО

ДОГОВОРАДОГОВОРА СЛОЖИВШИХСЯ ЕДИНЫХ СЛОЖИВШИХСЯ ЕДИНЫХ

ПОДХОДОВ НЕТПОДХОДОВ НЕТ ВОСТОЧНАЯ И ЗАПАДНАЯ ВОСТОЧНАЯ И ЗАПАДНАЯ ПРАКТИКА – СИЛЬНО РАЗНЫЕПРАКТИКА – СИЛЬНО РАЗНЫЕ

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WE AT OAKESHOTT WE AT OAKESHOTT BELIEVE IN THE FAIR VALUESBELIEVE IN THE FAIR VALUES

[email protected]@OAKINSUR.COM