nuclear physics applications web version.ppt€¦ · Nuclear Physics Applications in industry,...
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Nuclear Physics Applications in industry, medicine, and liberal arts Energy Sources Energy Sources Nuclear Forensics Homeland Security Imaging and Diagnostics Radiation Treatment Mt ilSi Material Science Art and Archaeology
Transcript of nuclear physics applications web version.ppt€¦ · Nuclear Physics Applications in industry,...
Nuclear Physics Applicationsin industry, medicine, and liberal arts
Energy SourcesEnergy SourcesNuclear ForensicsHomeland SecurityImaging and DiagnosticsRadiation TreatmentM t i l S iMaterial ScienceArt and Archaeology
Ph i A li tiPhysics ApplicationsEnergy
ADS & TransmutationNuclear Forensics
Homeland SecurityADS & TransmutationFusion confinementNuclear WasteEnergy Storage
Homeland SecurityRisk AssessmentsNuclear TraffickingProliferation
Life ScienceMedical DiagnosticsMedical Therapy
Material AnalysisNanotechnologyIon ImplantationMedical Therapy
RadiobiologyBiomedical tracers
Ion Implantation Material StructureGeology & ClimateEnvironmentArt & Archaeology
Nuclear DefenseWeapon Analysis
ComputationMonte Carlo SimulationFunctionality
Long-Term Storage
Monte Carlo SimulationNetwork SimulationSoftware DevelopmentQuantum computing
Nuclear Energy Accelerator Driven Systems (ADS) for operating sub-critical reactors
From nuclear power plantsp p
1GeV accelerator development (~10 15 n/s)p ( )
ADS for nuclear waste management
to nuclear pace makerspBeam optics &
irradiation system development
Incineration strategies
F i R t f th F t Fusion Reactors for the Future The Tokomak approach ITER The laser approach NIF
Magnet field confined plasma fusion Laser ignition fusion
From NIF to LIFENational Ignition Facility at LLNLTo Laser Induced Fusion Energy
Nuclear ForensicsDriven by terrorism threat & homeland security issues Trafficking of nuclear materials & homeland security issues material loss assessments
Border control & radiation exposure (instrumentation)
Provenance of radioactive material by isotope composition or material structure analysis
Signature identification, gDetector array developmentSensitivity analysis
Ai t it t ti ti Airport security - neutron activation techniques for plastic explosive search
14N+n (thermal) ⇒ 15N* ⇒ 15N+γ (10.8 MeV)
7 + 7 +77
+ 78
+
10.8 MeV
14N(n,γ)15Nprompt reaction
Was Napoleon murdered by the British?
Was Napoleon murdered by the British?Napoleon himself suspected tobecome a British victim.Chemical analysis of his hairChemical analysis of his hairindicated enhanced Arsenic(As) levels which seemed toconfirm the murder theory! But!
75As(n,γ)76As; T1/2 = 26.4 h75As is the only stable isotope of As
N l Im inNuclear Imaging
Blood flow with radiopharmaceuticals Imaging software and analysis
Gamma CameraSPEC & PEPIsotopes & IsomersParmaceuticalsParmaceuticals
Tumor mapping & visualization by radioactive isotope accumulation. Imaging system development
BrachytherapyGamma therapyGamma therapyNeutron therapyHeavy ion therapy
Radiation Treatment
Material Sciences
Ion implantation into silicon chips for generating
Radiation hardening for outer space Applications from electronics to sails
Ion implantation into silicon chips for generatingmicro electronics elements.
Isotope analysis in forensics & biologyIsotope analysis in forensics & biologyIsotope studies for provenance, eating habits
on in
%
tooth enamel is formed in early childhood ⇒ origindentin & bone changes
t con
sum
pti
with time ⇒ death
Weighted Annual δ13C
n of
C4
plan
tfr
actio
n
BC time [y] AD
King of Stonehenge, a German immigrant?
The Daily Express expressed the opinion. "This is as h ki thshocking as the
discovery that the first cricket players wore leather pants
δ18O ≈ -9 to -10
wore leather pants and ate Bratwurst with their tea."
D ti l d f l iDating real and false mummies
Tracking ll l dIllegal Ivory Trade
Increasing slaughter of elephants since 1970 with increased use ofincreased use of automatic weapons.
Ivory trade ban in 1989Ivory trade ban in 1989 to protect elephants from becoming extinct
Growth in poaching and smuggle leading to asmuggle leading to a decline as high as 90% in certain areas
By using h B b P kthe Bomb Peak
But how to determine the age ofivory carved artifacts on themarket, to determine if it was,illegally obtained and smuggled?abe
Nuclear Physics EmploymentNuclear Physics Employment
51% US80% Male~5.7 years
Employment of nuclear science students 5-10 years after Ph D awardstudents, 5 10 years after Ph.D. award
~49% temporary visa holders
