Ning site
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NING SITEJacqueline Mougel
WHAT WAS THE LITTLE ICE AGE? 300 years 16th to the 19th
centuries Europe America Low average
temperatures
FRONTIERS OF THE AMERICAS Symbolic violence -arbitrates
a man’s place in a social group
cultural boundary between rural borderlanders and townsmen= two styles of conflict
gaucho= a man with a horse and a knife
Class and race differences Killing always defined as a
crime Attacker trying to show
something about himself rather than to kill
Honor is not the only determinant : class, race
FRONTIERS OF THE AMERICAS
Power and Politics in Northeast Brazil
1824: Emperor Pedro I allowed upper Brazilians to have political infuence
Centered around family Father and older sons
preserve family’s integrity
Women to marry up to strengthen family ties
Carlota Lucia de Brito : mistress of a powerful Paraiban politician
CROSSROADS OF FREEDOM 1861-1862 Most civil wars the entering
army might fight for land or government
But Confederacy established a government- Richmond 750,000 square miles
President Lincoln must destroy Confederacy’s government by evading
Union defeat at Bull Run 1861 Union General George B.
McClellen “The young Napoleon” July Mclellen secured West
Virginia Suspicions of Mclellen’s
loyality
CROSSROADS OF FREEDOM
1861-Ulysses S. Grant took command of Union army
Union gunboats introduced March 7-8 -Union won at
Pea Ridge Confederate lost Fort
Donelson and Nashville Battle of Shiloh:
Confederate triumph Secretary of War Edwin
Stantion First Battle between
ironclads: CSS Viginia vs USS Monitor
Confederacy winning summer of 1862
CROSSROADS OF FREEDOM June-July 1862 Union success:
Shenandoah Valley “Stonewall” Jackson
Confederate General “Jackson’s foot cavalry”
always outnumbered won 5 battles
The Seven Days Battles: Union fail
McClellan blamed administration for failing to send back up
CROSSROADS OF FREEDOM
Army of Northern Virginia was not destroyed at Antietam
Confederate commander did not give up easily
Northern press pessimism: dark war
Surrender of Harpers Ferry: Union humiliation
Union triumphs at Antietam, Corinth and Perryville
Proclamation: symbolic power December 1: Lincoln “Without
slavery the rebellion could never have existed; without slavery it could no continue.”