Napoleon Restores Order in France
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Transcript of Napoleon Restores Order in France
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Made taxes more equal Made tax collection more orderly Removed dishonest government workers Set up new public schools for ordinary citizens Restored some church power Made new laws (Napoleonic Code) that gave citizens
equal rights Some rights were restricted
Napoleon Restores Order in France
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Napoleon’s Empire Collapses
By. Janine Hepler
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Napoleon’s Love of Power
Napoleon loved power
Took steps to make his empire larger
Steps ultimately led to mistakes & his own downfall
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Desire to Crush Britain
Napoleon wanted to hurt the British economy
1806: Stopped all trade w/Britain
Europeans secretly bought British goods
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Britain’s Response
Put their own blockade around Europe
Britain’s Navy was very strong
Soon France’s economy (along w/others) grew weak
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Napoleon’s Next Mistake
1808: Napoleon made his brother Joseph the king of Spain
Spaniards were loyal to their own king
With help from Britain, Spain fought back for 5 years Napoleon lost 300,000 troops
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Napoleon’s Worst Mistake
1812: tried to conquer Russia
Reached deserted Moscow—soldiers found no food or supplies
With winter approaching, Napoleon sent troops back west Cold, hunger, & spot attacks
killed 1000s while others deserted
Entered Russian territory w/400,000 men—eventually left w/10,000
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Napoleon’s Downfall
Other leaders recognized that Napoleon was now weaker
1813: Defeated in Germany 1814: Forced to give up throne
& was sent away 1815: Boldly returned to
France, raised an army
Lost his final battle near Belgian town of Waterloo Retreated to far-off Atlantic
island where he died
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Napoleon’s empire collapsed because he made 3 mistakes:
1. Trying to blockade Britain —which reacted by a putting a stronger blockade on Europe.
2. Putting his brother on the Spanish throne —which caused the Spanish people to fight back.
3. Invading Russia —where his army was nearly destroyed by brutal winter weather
Why Did Napoleon’s Empire Collapse?
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The Congress of Vienna
Members & Representatives Goals
Actions Taken Legacy
• Short-term:• Long-term:
*Create chart on piece of notebook paper. Complete while reading Ch.23, sec.5.
Define: balance of power, Concert of Europe (ON BACK)
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The Congress of Vienna
Members & Representatives
5 “Great Powers” of Europe
Represented by their rulers & foreign ministers
Klemens von Metternich (Austrian Foreign Minister) shaped the peace conditions
Austria Prussia Russia Britain France
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The Congress of Vienna
GoalsWanted to establish lasting peace & stability in Europe
Metternich’s Plan Prevent future French aggression—couldn’t attack again Restore balance of power— no one nation was too strong Restore royal families to thrones— removed kings were put back
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The Congress of Vienna
Actions Taken Formed Kingdom of the Netherlands Created German Confederation Recognized independence of Switzerland Added Genoa to Kingdom of Sardinia Required France to return territories conquered by Napoleon Affirmed principle of legitimacy
Concert of Europe: series of Alliances which required nations to help one another if a revolution erupted
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The Congress of Vienna
Short-term Legacy Conservatives regained
control of the government—didn’t encourage individual liberties
Triggered revolts in colonies
Long-term Legacy Created age of peace in
Europe Diminished power of
France Increased power of Britain
& Prussia Sparked growth of
nationalism