SUBPHYLUM MYRIAPODA

Presented By: Abegail J. Mansueto

myriapods (Gr. myriads, a myriad, + photos, foot) The term “myriads” means many footed.characterized by an elongated body with many segments, typically many legs, a single pair of antenna, and simple eyes. It is both millipedes, and centipedes.Has mandibles and maxillaeHas antenna

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

*Bilateral symmetryBilateral symmetry*exoskeletonexoskeleton*Head and segmented trunkHead and segmented trunk*The trunk has many legs The trunk has many legs (Centipede has one pair for (Centipede has one pair for each segment, millipede each segment, millipede has two pair for each has two pair for each segment.)segment.)*Centipedes body is flat, Centipedes body is flat, while the millipede is more while the millipede is more of a cylinder shape.of a cylinder shape.*Head has antenna, eyes Head has antenna, eyes and mouthand mouth

Millipede

Shedding Exoskeleton

Shedding Exoskeleton

CCEENNTTIIPPEEDDEE

MMIILLLLIIPPEEDDEE

*Milli means 1000 and *centi means 100. * Pede means foot. * They don’t really have that many though.*Fossils prove they have been around for a very long time. *Millipedes protect themselves by curling into a ball and spraying hydrocyanic acid.*Some centipedes glow in the dark.

Kingdom – AnimialiaPhylum – Anthropoda Jointed legs and an exoskeleton

Subphylum - Myriapoda “Many-footed” with a two segmented body

*Class Chilopoda (centipedes “100 feet”)  *Class Diplopoda (millipedes “1000 feet”)  *Class Pauropoda (pauropods, pauropodans, and progoneates)  *Class Symphyla (pseudocentipedes and symphylans

*Class Chilopoda (centipedes “100 feet”)* It has a flat, segmented body with a pair of legs on each segment.*have a head bearing eyes

*Class Diplopoda (millipedes “1000 feet”) *It has two pairs of legs on each body segment. *The Greek translation is “double footed”.

*Class Pauropoda (pauropods, pauropodans, and progoneates) *Pauropods are a small (less than 5 mm), eyeless, pale terrestrial invertebrate with eleven segments and nine pairs of legs. *Latin and Greek translate into *“small-footed.”

*Class Symphyla -(pseudocentipedes and symphylans) *small, blind, fast-running.* centipede like animals.

Reproduction MethodReproduction MethodBoth the centipede and

millipede have separate sexes.The female lays eggs which

are fertilized sexually by the male.

Some species lay the eggs in a "nest" where they are guarded by the female.

Others lay one egg at a time and then leave it.

*A spermatophore is a gelatinous packet of sperm.*Sperm transfer through mating.

*Millipedes are herbivores mainly eating dead vegetation. *Centipedes are carnivores. Their first pair of legs inject venom to kill prey. They feed on insects, earthworms, and slugs. They also eat dead vegetation.*The digestive system is a gut that runs from the mouth to the anus.*The gut is lined with a protective outer covering called a chitin, that is shed every so often.

*(centipedes) have their first pair of walking legs modified into claw like .*(millipedes) have each pair of

segments fused together, resulting in two pairs of legs per segment. *numerous legs requires a

degree of rhythmic movement *Segment and leg length

determine the basic gaits, which may be modified to allow rapid escape or slow soil penetration. *Movement is characterized by a

metachronal wave-like rhythm.*“Crawling”

Living EnvironmentLiving EnvironmentMost Most MyriapodaMyriapoda live under live under rocks, wood bark, caves and in rocks, wood bark, caves and in damp leaves.damp leaves.*They prefer dark warm They prefer dark warm places.places.*Centipedes and Millipedes Centipedes and Millipedes are found world wide, except are found world wide, except in polar climatesin polar climates*They are mostly nocturnal They are mostly nocturnal creatures.creatures.*They also prepare to live in They also prepare to live in moist forests, grassland and also decaying plants materials.

•Author unknown. Centipedes and Millipedes May 23, 2009. http://www.geocities.com/thera_maria/centipedesandmillipedes.html

•Photographer Unknown. Hatari Invertebrates May 21,2000. http://www.merkerreptiles.com/Hatarihome.htm •Photographer Unknown. Centipede Stinger. May 21,2009. http://www.astrobargains.com/images/Gallery/Centipede.jpg•George Grall/Getty. Images How it Works. May 22,2009. http://animals.howstuffworks.com/insects/insect-pictures9.htm

•Dembsky, Jill. Amazon Rainforest Animals. “Millipede” May 21, 2009. http://www.dembsky.net/amazon/information3.html#ants

•Gustafson, Todd. Tanganyika train (millipede). May 22,2009. http://www.birdsasart.com/bn197.htm

References •Chapin, Edward. “Millipede.” The World Book Encyclopedia M Volume12. Chicago: Field Enterprises Educational Corporation: 1960. Page 472

•Ramel, Gordon. Earth-Life Web Productions. 5/22/2009 MrGordonRamel@yahoo.com

•Enchanted Learning. 5/23/2009. http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/invertebrates/arthropod/Centipede.shtml•Photo by Diltz, Jason. Seattle Bug Safari. 5/23/2009. www.seattlebugsafari.com/millipedes_centipede... •Mike Janson and Joyce Pope (consultant editors). Go Pets America dot com. 5/22/2009 http://www.gopetsamerica.com/animals/arthropods.aspx

•Mader, Sylvia. Inquiry into Life 4th edition. Dubuque, Iowa. Wm C. Brown Publishers, College Division. 1985. pages 608-610

•Microsoft Encarta Reference Library 2005 1993-2004 Microsoft Corporation

•Unknown Phtographer. May 23,2009. http://www.geneseo.edu/~Beary/millipede4shedding%20003.jpg

•R. Bessin & B. Newton. Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky. May 23,2009 http://www.uky.edu/Ag/Entomology/ythfacts/resourc/weebst/wb14/cent2.jpg

Mathew 4:16The people who live in darkness will see a great light. On

those who live in the dark land of death the light will shine…….

GOD BLESS us ALL