Motor-Grader Maintenance Presentation

NDACE Convention

Jan.22-23, 2015

Corey Uhrich 701-740-2308

Supervisors -Doing it Wrong for a Long Time,

Doesn’t Make it Right!

Importance of Training

We don’t know what we

don’t know!

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Mutual give

& take

Try small

adjustments

Test strips

Safety is our first and

most important

responsibility

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Knowledge You Will Aquire –

Classroom Session

Operation/maintenance costs

Road shape/shoulders

Cutting edges

Grading techniques

Percentage of slopes/check

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Knowledge You Will Aquire –

Classroom Session

When to reshape

Compaction

Good gravel

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Knowledge You Will Aquire –

Classroom Session

Materials & testing

Stock piles

Quantities and spreads

Why water is important

Soil composition

Attachments

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Hands On

Check wear components and edges

Mark circle @ 12’

Pull center pin for changing edges and vertical grading

2 pass Straight blade with no windrows for bits

2 pass Blade down for float on road with good crown and shoulders

2 pass feather to crown for road with high traffic pounding down crown

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Hands On

4 pass down and up to cut out washboards, mix gravel

5 pass to equalize lanes for uniform %

4 or more passes for spot repairs

4 or more to repair segregation or placing gravel ( windrow and leave 1’’ each pass)

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Hands On

Blade position for windrow inside tandems down to 2’ pass

Repair a super, high shoulder, or ditch

If your newer, we will focus on machine control

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Cost per hour for 2000 hours to do preventive maintenance: $4.37 or

$8,740.00

Plus operating costs .

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FUEL FILTER

PRIMMER

Use primmer to fill filters

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Proper Shape

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When and when not to have a crown

The primary road should retain its crown

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RIGHT

WRONG

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1’’ in center changes 4% to 2.8% in 7’

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1.6 million miles of unpaved roads in the US (53%)

Segregation/float

1 vehicle 1 year1 ton dust per mile

Each mile with 100 cars per day= 100 tons of fines per year!

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My 10 year old can smooth a road!

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2 pass – cut /cut

Daylight out to centerline

Heavy trucks on road

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4 pass – try it for cutting out and mixing gravel

Road better last at least twice as long as 2 pass method

Never blade down middle (unless?)

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Remove float?

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Use dozer for 2 pass up?

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Keep the angle somewhere between 30 and 45 degreesOperating without enough angle is a primary cause of spilling

Too little blade angleSpillage at toe

.25x.75x5280/27=36 cy per mile 26

Compare equipment with your road width design

Notch circle at 12’

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No windrows with bitsIf you have a windrow, you have cut through too much

crust!

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Use magnetic protractor

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Mixing action is part of routine maintenanceTraffic tends to loosen material from the road surface and displace it to the shoulder area as well as between the wheel tracks

We are part of the solution or part of the problem!

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Recover the material

Mix it again as it rolls along the face of the moldboard

Restore good surface shape

Segregation/bonyMoisture below 4%Improper mixingOver grading

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Tasks to Remember

Good set up to cut shoulder without dragging across road

or changing edges or bits

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2% for future pave 4% for unpaved

2% is ¼’’ per foot 4% is ½’’ per foot

Gravel at or near 4%

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Perfect Material too Flat to Prevent Pot Holes

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Same Road Within 20 Minutes!

1.8%

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Use Right Meter Supervisor Truck

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Check Slope Meter

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Shoulders Make Maintenance Faster

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High shoulders“berms”“curbs”

The engineering term is “secondary ditch”

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Recovering & SpreadingIf there is little or no vegetation on the shoulder, simply extend the moldboard out into the shoulder material and begin to pull it onto the roadway

The material recovered is often good gravel that needs to be returned to the roadway surface

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5280x0.6x16/27x1.2=2,253cy@ $10/cy= $22,253 per mile!

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Wrong time of year

Use shoulder disc 1st

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Before

During

After

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When to do Gravel Road Rehabilitation

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•Spring is the best time for this as there is minimal vegetative growth and moisture is present

•The use of a roller for compaction will greatly improve the finished surface

•This will leave a denser, stronger, smoother surface that will be easier to maintain.

Differential compaction is why potholes returnNeed ¼’’ loose for every inch compacted (3’’ mat needs 3 ¾’’ loose)

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No gravel surface will perform like pavement! $ controls quality!46

What is Good Gravel?

Reasons for testing

You get what you pay for!

I will sell you reject gravel

Single gradation test $135

Do not accept

gradations from piles

#4, #200

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Load Stockpiles Perpendicular to Conveyor

Too fine

Good Too coarse

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Equalizing

No Samples from windrowLeave an inch with each pass

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Equalize and lay down

Tag team

Note moisture content

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PAY SCHEDULE (INDIVIDUAL SAMPLE)

% PASSING OUTSIDE SPECIFIED LIMITS

#4

#10

#40 SIEVES

#200 SIEVE

ACCEPTANCE SCHEDULE

( PRICE REDUCTION)

1% 0.1% 5%

2% 1.6-1.7% 10%

3% 2.2-2.5%

CORRECTIVE ACTION

15%

>3% >2.5%

Based on individual sample test results. Price reductions for more than one failing

sieve size shall be cumulative. The compensation due to the Contractor for the

quantity of material represented by the failing test results shall be reduced by the sum

of the respective percentages; however, the reduction will not exceed 50 percent.52

These two roads show remarkable contrast in surface condition due to the quality of gravel

The bottom photo shows a road surface that has too much stone and sand in proportion to the fine material

The gravel remains loose and is hard to maintain

Float 53

Calculating Quantities and Spreads

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3500x30x.333x140/2000= 2,447.5 tons/25=98 loads

3,500’/98= 35.7’ spread

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Why is H2O important?

lube

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Protect Your Assets!

5 point proctor

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Silt and clay is #200Silt = dusty or slimy

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The use of a shouldering disk helps mulch up the sod and vegetation before it is pulled onto the roadway either to be removed or recycled on the road as reusable gravel

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Attachments

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Apply what we learn!

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Like flying first class!

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Questions?Contact Information:

Corey Uhrich

701-740-2308

CUhrich@clcmn.edu