Monera -...
Transcript of Monera -...
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Kingdom
Monera
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• Simple one celled organisms
• Prokaryotes
• No membrane bound organelles
• Nuclear material consists of a
single circular chromosome
• Have cell walls
• Some are heterotrophic
• Some autotrophic
– Some have chlorophyll for
photosynthesis
• Some do chemosynthesis
• Some do thermosynthesis What characteristics make monera
different from the other kingdoms?
Characteristics of Monera
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Parts of bacteria
• An outer casing
can form in harsh
conditions called
an endospore.
Know the parts of the
bacteria.*
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Bacteria w/ flagella
chromosome
flagella
ribosomes
Cell membrane
Cell wall
endospore
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Classifying moneran
• Bacteria Shapes
– Round cocci
– Rod bacilli
– Spiral spirilla
• Movement
– Some move by a
flagella
cocci
spirilla
bacilli
What are the three basic shapes of bacteria?
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Reproduction
• Fission
• Conjugation
What are the two ways that
bacteria reproduce?*
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• Respiration
• Some are aerobes
– Some are anaerobes
– To these oxygen can be deadly
• Cyanobacteria
• Some Do photosynthesis
• Important part of ecosystem in many lakes and ponds
How do aerobic and anaerobic organisms differ?*
How can cynobacteria kill fish?
Metabolism
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There Are Two Main Groups of
Bacteria • Eubacteria
• Archae Bacteria
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Eubacteria
• Grouped by cell shape
• Producers
– Do photosynthesis
– Blue-green Algae (cyanobacteria
• Consumers
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Archaebacteria
• Salt-, Heat-, and Acid-lovers
• Methane Producers (Produce Methane
gas)
– Live in swamps and sewer systems
– Live in intestines of animals
Thermophilic
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• Beneficial monerans
– Flavoring
– Cheese & Yogurt
– Sauerkraut
– Vinegar
What are some foods
that are made using
bacteria?*
Monerans and your life
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• Saprophyte (Lives off dead)
• Nitrogen fixing in plants
• Medicines
• Cleaners
• Adhesives
• Clean oil spills (Bioremediation)
• Keep sewers working correctly
• Help break down food in the intestine and keep you from getting other infections
Why is nitrogen fixing bacteria important?*
What are some ways that bacteria are beneficial to man?*
Other Uses of bacteria
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• Pathogen (disease causer)
– Strep throat
– Tuberculosis – spread over the past 20 years
– Anthrax
– Diptheria
– Tetanus
– Whooping cough
– Bubonic Plague
What is a pathogen?*
Harmful Monerans
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Treating Bacterial disease
• Antiobiotics
• Vaccine
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Some produce poisonous wastes
• Food poisoning
• Botulism (anaerobic)
• Salmonella
• Ecoli (aerobic)
Why is botulism associated with canned foods and not fresh foods?
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Bacterial Survival • Bacteria can survive harsh
conditions by producing a
endospore, a thick walled
structure that can keep them
alive for more than 50 years
• Killing bacteria
– Pasteurization
– Heating food or drink to a high
temperature for a period of time
– Autoclave
What is an endospore?
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Endospore forming
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Bacteria and antibiotic
resistance • Bacteria can become antibiotic resistant
– When you don’t take all your antibiotic
• Some bacteria can survive that are antibiotic resistant
– When people go to the doctor for every little cold
and the doctor gives them an antibiotic.
– When the antibiotic is given in to small of dosage
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quiz 1. Give three characteristics of monerans.
2. Give the three shapes of monerans.
3. How do aerobic and anaerobic organisms
differ?*
• What are some foods that are made
using bacteria?
• What is a pathogen?*