5 Kingdoms Kingdom Monera (“Monerans”) Smallest and simplest lifeforms Unicellular (one-celled)...
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Transcript of 5 Kingdoms Kingdom Monera (“Monerans”) Smallest and simplest lifeforms Unicellular (one-celled)...
![Page 1: 5 Kingdoms Kingdom Monera (“Monerans”) Smallest and simplest lifeforms Unicellular (one-celled) no nucleus Bacteria and cyanobacteria.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649e865503460f94b89bb3/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
5 Kingdoms
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Kingdom Monera (“Monerans”)•Smallest and simplest lifeforms•Unicellular (one-celled)•no nucleus•Bacteria and cyanobacteria
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Bacteria
•Three basic shapes: •round (cocci) •rod (bacilli) •spiral (spirilli)
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Kingdom Protista(“Protists”)•Single-celled or multicellular•more complex than organisms in Kingdom Monera•nucleus•protozoans (animal-like)•algae (plant-like)
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Protozoans•Kingdom Protista•no cell wall or chlorophyll•internal digestion•no locomotion (some)
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Algae
•Cell walls•Chlorophyll•Photosynthetic•Placed in groups according to color and structure
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Kingdom Fungi
•Multicellular; complex•Cell walls, but no chlorophyll•Live in dark, cold, moist environments.•Decomposers
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Types of Fungi
•Threadlike fungi (bread mold)•club fungi (mushrooms)•sac fungi (yeast and mildew)
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Kingdom Plantae
•Multicellular, cell walls, and chlorophyll•Largest and longest-living things on Earth•Create food through Photosynthesis
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Nonvascular Plants
•CANNOT conduct water•Example: Moss•Moist environment
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Vascular Plants
•CAN conduct water•Capable of living in drier areas
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Gymnosperms
•Seed plant•name means “naked seed”•Most are conifers
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Angiosperms -Flowering Plants•Seed plant•name means “covered seed”•Seeds are produced inside ovaries•A ripened ovary is a fruit• largest/most diverse plants
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Kingdom – Animalia •Multicellular Organisms• Lack a Cell Wall•Heterotrophs•Divided into sub-phylums: • Invertebrate •Vertebrate
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Arthropods (invertebrate)•Largest group of animals•multiple body segments• jointed appendages (legs/arms)•exoskeleton (hard outer covering)
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Arthropods (continued)
•Well-developed organs•insects, lobsters, crabs, and spiders
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•Have backbones•body with a head and most have appendages•endoskeleton (internal skeleton for support/protection)
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Vertebrates (continued)•Endotherm (warm- blooded); these organisms can control their body temperature from within despite changes in the environment
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Vertebrates (continued)•Ectotherm (cold-blooded); body temperature changes with the environment
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Jawless fishes•Ex: Sea lamprey •mouth is used for sucking fluids; no appendages (fins)•flexible skeleton made of cartilage•ectotherms
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Cartilaginous Fishes •Two pairs of fins; gills•ectotherms •strong teeth (sharks)•SKELETON MADE OF CARTILAGE•stingrays, skates, sharks
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Bony fishes•Flounder, eels, trout, and others•SKELETON MADE OF BONE•streamlined bodies (narrow shape)•most numerous group of fish
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Amphibians•Frogs, toads, salamanders•part of their life is spent on land and part of life is spent in the water; (ectotherms)
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Amphibians•smooth, moist skin•gills when they are young and have lungs as adults
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Reptiles•Adapted to live on land (terrestrial)•Breathe with lungs•Body covered with plates or scales•Ectotherms
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Reptiles •Dinosaurs•Turtles, snakes, lizards, crocodiles, and alligators•lay eggs in a leathery shell
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Birds
•Bodies adapted for flight (light, bones, feathers, and wings)•Scaly legs and feet•lay eggs in a hard shell•endotherms
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Mammals•Advanced nervous system; highly developed brain•Endotherms•Hairy bodies•can occupy several habitats •give birth to live young; produce milk mammary glands