Modeling Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation ......Local Economy. Public Services. Energy...
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Modeling Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies Using the CURB Tool Sierra Chmela 1 , Emily Hammermeister 1 , Amanda Huegelmann 1 , Kumar Jensen 2 and Gaj Sivandran 3 1 Institue of Environmental Science Loyola University Chicago, 2 City of Evanston, 3 Engineering Science Loyola University Chicago A new way to prioritize urban climate actions To help the City of Evanston advance several ambitious sustainability commitments, such as the Mayors National Climate Action Agenda, the city has assembled the Climate Action and Resilience Plan (CARP) Working Group. The working group consists of Mitigation, Adaptation, and Community Engagement Task Forces. Currently, the Mitigation Task Force is exploring ways to rank climate action steps the city can take. One option is to use the World Bank Group’s CURB Tool. This tool was created in partnership with AECOM Consulting, Bloomberg Philanthropies and the C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group to help municipalities navigate specific climate change mitigation actions. In 2014, C40 introduced the Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories (GPC) to provide cities with a consistent framework for measuring emissions. The CURB Tool follows the GPC methodology to create a uniform template for any city to utilize. It is an expertly-designed, free Excel-based tool that has been implemented globally by major cities. City-specific data can easily be entered into the tool, but built-in proxy data is provided to fill in any gaps. Once all data is compiled, the tool yields potential avenues for climate action. We would like to thank Kumar Jensen for providing us with City of Evanston data to input into the model and Lauren Marquez-Viso for meeting with us to further discuss goals for the city itself. Thanks to the Evanston Climate Action and Resilience Plan Working Group, specifically the Mitigation and Adaptation Tasks Forces, for being so accommodating and letting us join in on discussions and meetings. Finally, thank you Loyola University Chicago for giving us this opportunity and to our fearless leader Gajan Sivandran. The new information can be taken from the tool and written in a clear and understandable report Scientific research is done to create and find data Data is needed to understand how and why things happen Data is added to the CURB tool and manipulated to predict the effects of specified actions Policy makers can read this report and create new ordinances that are supported by science Policy is assessed and changes are made to increase effectiveness and include new science Science - Policy Cycle • Basic Data • Community GHG Emissions Inventory Data • Private Building Energy Data • Municipal Building and Public Lighting Energy Data • Electricity Generation Data • Solid Waste Data • Wastewater and Water Data • Transportation Data Inventory • Base Year Inventory • Growth Factors • Projections • Targets Context Setup • Emissions Breakdown • Benchmarking Actions • City Powers Survey • Action Development • Financial Metrics • Co-Benefits Results • Aggregate Results • Sector Results • Action Summary • Scenario Comparisons The CURB Approach: In the face of climate change and increasing environmental and social concern, timely municipal climate action is crucial. CURB is a useful tool for assessing climate action strategies. It has been implemented in numerous global cities including Buenos Aires, Quito, Johannesburg, Bangkok, and multiple cities in India. The tool can be consistently applied in each scenario by following the Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories (GPC) methodology. CURB allows for users to input city-specific data which yields precise, relevant, and accurate results. These results include the feasibility and impact of specified actions and cost predictions, which can guide investments and establish priorities. This process allows for scientific research to be condensed into a simpler format which policymakers can easily understand and incorporate into new ordinances. This tool could be improved by addressing some of its drawbacks. These include: the difficulty of collaborating or working in real time with others, a lack of comprehensive definitions for specific terms, and the size of the tool often causes the computer to glitch and move very slowly. Additionally, though unavoidable, the data acquisition process for this tool is extensive and, depending where a city is at with its environmental initiatives, it can be long and arduous. This tool also faces a lot of competition from similar software. Despite these shortcomings, CURB is a valuable supplemental resource which, in our final project, will be used to aid the work of Evanston’s Climate Action and Resilience Plan (CARP) Working Group to define priorities in the fight against climate change. Discussion Citations and Acknowledgements : World Bank. 2017. CURB tool : climate action for urban sustainability. Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group. Available at www.worldbank.org/curb C40 Cities. 2018. The Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories (GPC). March 10, 2018. http://www.c40.org/programmes/the- global-protocol-for-community-scale-greenhouse-gas-emission-inventories-gpc Transportation Mode Shift for 80% Emissions Target Actions and Results Private Building Energy Lighting for 80% Emissions Target by 2050 Existing Residential Lighting - Shift to LED from Incandescent bulbs for 50% of Low-Income households (net energy demand reduction of 20.3 kWh/m 2 ) Private Building Energy Envelope for 80% Emissions Target by 2050 Existing Residential Lighting - Shift to LED from Incandescent bulbs for 50% of Low-Middle Income households (net energy demand reduction of 33 kWh/m 2 ) Existing Residential Lighting - Shift to LED from Incandescent bulbs for 50% of High-Middle Income households (net energy demand reduction of 34 kWh/m 2 ) Existing Residential Lighting - Shift to LED from Incandescent bulbs for 50% of High income households (net energy demand reduction of 30.4 kWh/m 2 ) Existing Residential Envelope Standards - Low income households. Wall and roof insulation = no change. Windows = single pane → double-glazed for 50% of these households. Single pane → double-glazed Low-E for other 50%. (net energy demand reduction of 7.9 kWh/m 2 ) Existing Residential Envelope Standards - For 100% of low-Middle income households - wall and roof insulation = no change. Windows = single pane → double-glazed Low-E. (net energy demand reduction of 17.2 kWh/m 2 ) Existing Residential Envelope Standards - For 100% of high-Middle income households - wall and roof insulation = standard → “improved 2.” Windows = single pane → double-glazed Low-E. (net energy demand reduction of 34.4 kWh/m 2 ) Existing Residential Envelope Standards - For 100% of high income households - wall and roof insulation = standard → “advanced.” Windows = single pane → triple-glazed. (net energy demand reduction of 40.6 kWh/m 2 ) Co-Benefits Ecological Health Public Health Air Quality Social Equity Deferred Infrastructure Local Economy Public Services Energy Independence “By reducing their environmental footprint, cities will not only lower their contribution to global GHG emissions, but can also enjoy significant local benefits such as improved air quality, better health outcomes, local economic development and job creation.“ -CURB Tool Chicago Proxy Data
Transcript of Modeling Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation ......Local Economy. Public Services. Energy...
Modeling Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies Using the CURB Tool
Sierra Chmela1, Emily Hammermeister1, Amanda Huegelmann1, Kumar Jensen2 and Gaj Sivandran31Institue of Environmental Science Loyola University Chicago, 2City of Evanston, 3Engineering Science Loyola University Chicago
A new way to prioritize urban climate actionsTo help the City of Evanston advance several ambitious sustainability commitments, such as the Mayors National Climate Action Agenda, the city has assembled the Climate Action and Resilience Plan (CARP) Working Group. The working group consists of Mitigation, Adaptation, and Community Engagement Task Forces. Currently, the Mitigation Task Force is exploring ways to rank climate action steps the city can take. One option is to use the World Bank Group’s CURB Tool. This tool was created in partnership with AECOM Consulting, Bloomberg Philanthropies and the C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group to help municipalities navigate specific climate change mitigation actions.
In 2014, C40 introduced the Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories (GPC) to provide cities with a consistent framework for measuring emissions. The CURB Tool follows the GPC methodology to create a uniform template for any city to utilize. It is an expertly-designed, free Excel-based tool that has been implemented globally by major cities. City-specific data can easily be entered into the tool, but built-in proxy data is provided to fill in any gaps. Once all data is compiled, the tool yields potential avenues for climate action.
We would like to thank Kumar Jensen for providing us with City of Evanston data to input into the model and Lauren Marquez-Viso for meeting with us to further discuss goals for the city itself. Thanks to the Evanston Climate Action and Resilience Plan Working Group, specifically the Mitigation and Adaptation Tasks Forces, for being so accommodating and letting us join in on discussions and meetings. Finally, thank you Loyola University Chicago for giving us this opportunity and to our fearless leader Gajan Sivandran.
The new information can be taken from the tool and written in a clear and understandable
report
Scientific research is
done to create and find data
Data is needed to understand how and why things happen
Data is added to the CURB tool and
manipulated to predict the effects of specified actions
Policy makers can read this report and create
new ordinances that are supported by science
Policy is assessed and changes are made to increase
effectiveness and include new
science
Science - Policy Cycle
• Basic Data• Community GHG Emissions
Inventory Data• Private Building Energy Data• Municipal Building and Public
Lighting Energy Data
• Electricity Generation Data• Solid Waste Data• Wastewater and Water Data• Transportation Data
Inventory• Base Year Inventory• Growth Factors• Projections• Targets
ContextSetup• Emissions Breakdown• Benchmarking
Actions• City Powers Survey• Action Development• Financial Metrics• Co-Benefits
Results• Aggregate Results• Sector Results• Action Summary• Scenario Comparisons
The CURB Approach:
In the face of climate change and increasing environmental and social concern, timely municipal climate action is crucial. CURB is a useful tool for assessing climate action strategies. It has been implemented in numerous global cities including Buenos Aires, Quito, Johannesburg, Bangkok, and multiple cities in India. The tool can be consistently applied in each scenario by following the Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories (GPC) methodology. CURB allows for users to input city-specific data which yields precise, relevant, and accurate results. These results include the feasibility and impact of specified actions and cost predictions, which can guide investments and establish priorities. This process allows for scientific research to be condensed into a simpler format which policymakers can easily understand and incorporate into new ordinances.
This tool could be improved by addressing some of its drawbacks. These include: the difficulty of collaborating or working in real time with others, a lack of comprehensive definitions for specific terms, and the size of the tool often causes the computer to glitch and move very slowly. Additionally, though unavoidable, the data acquisition process for this tool is extensive and, depending where a city is at with its environmental initiatives, it can be long and arduous. This tool also faces a lot of competition from similar software. Despite these shortcomings, CURB is a valuable supplemental resource which, in our final project, will be used to aid the work of Evanston’s Climate Action and Resilience Plan (CARP) Working Group to define priorities in the fight against climate change.
Discussion
Citations andAcknowledgements :
World Bank. 2017. CURB tool : climate action for urban sustainability. Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group. Available at www.worldbank.org/curbC40 Cities. 2018. The Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories (GPC). March 10, 2018. http://www.c40.org/programmes/the-global-protocol-for-community-scale-greenhouse-gas-emission-inventories-gpc
Transportation Mode Shift for 80% Emissions Target
Actions and Results Private Building Energy Lighting for 80% Emissions Target by 2050
Existing Residential Lighting -Shift to LED from Incandescent bulbs for 50% of Low-Income households (net energy demand reduction of 20.3 kWh/m2)
Private Building Energy Envelope for 80% Emissions Target by 2050
Existing Residential Lighting -Shift to LED from Incandescent bulbs for 50% of Low-Middle Income households (net energy demand reduction of 33 kWh/m2)
Existing Residential Lighting -Shift to LED from Incandescent bulbs for 50% of High-Middle Income households(net energy demand reduction of 34 kWh/m2)
Existing Residential Lighting -Shift to LED from Incandescent bulbs for 50% of High income households(net energy demand reduction of 30.4 kWh/m2)
Existing Residential Envelope Standards -Low income households. Wall and roof insulation = no change. Windows = single pane → double-glazed for 50% of these households. Single pane → double-glazed Low-E for other 50%.(net energy demand reduction of 7.9 kWh/m2)
Existing Residential Envelope Standards -For 100% of low-Middle income households - wall and roof insulation = no change. Windows = single pane → double-glazed Low-E.(net energy demand reduction of 17.2 kWh/m2)
Existing Residential Envelope Standards -For 100% of high-Middle income households - wall and roof insulation = standard → “improved 2.” Windows = single pane → double-glazed Low-E. (net energy demand reduction of 34.4 kWh/m2)
Existing Residential Envelope Standards -For 100% of high income households - wall and roof insulation = standard → “advanced.” Windows = single pane → triple-glazed.(net energy demand reduction of 40.6 kWh/m2)
Co-Benefits
Ecological Health
Public Health
Air Quality
Social Equity
Deferred Infrastructure
Local Economy
Public Services
Energy Independence
“By reducing their environmental footprint, cities will not only lower their contribution to global GHG emissions, but can also enjoy significant local benefits such as improved air quality, better health outcomes, local economic development and job creation.“ -CURB Tool
Chicago Proxy Data
