MISSION TO MARS

ENGR 103TEAM FFF

PROF. CHOI

LAUNCH DATES AND MISSION ITINERARY

GENERAL METHOD OF TRAVEL

• TWO SHIPS • MARS MISSION SUPPLY 1

• HOHMANN TRANSFER• SPACESHIP RAM

• ASSEMBLY AND LAUNCH IN SPACE

MMS1 AND THE HOHMANN TRANSFER

• MARS MISSION SUPPLY 1 (MMS1)• FUEL- 7000KG • BATTERIES- 5000KG• SUPPLIES

• FOOD- 700KG• TOOLS FOR MARTIAN EXPLORATION- 100KG

• LANDING CRAFT- 14000KG• MARS BUGGY- 210KG

•TOTAL- 27010KG

LAUNCH DATES

• MARS CLOSEST TO EARTH • MAY 22, 2016• JULY 27, 2018

• LAUNCH OF MMS1- NOVEMBER 16, 2017• LAUNCH OF SPACESHIP RAM- JUNE 17, 2018• BOTH CRAFTS ENTER MARTIAN ORBIT- JULY 27, 2018

MARTIAN DAY 0

• ENTRANCE INTO MARS ORBIT • RENDEZVOUS OF SPACESHIP RAM WITH MMS1

MARTIAN DAY 1

• DOCKING WITH MMS1• PREPARATION FOR LANDING UPON MARTIAN SURFACE

MARTIAN DAY 2

• LANDING UPON MARTIAN SURFACE • BATTERY SWAP

• BEGIN HYDROGEN REFUELING PROCESS

Mars Expedition Orbiting Vessels

MARTIAN DAY 3

• EXPLORATION • COLLECTION OF SAMPLES

• DEUTERIUM HELIUM 3 REFUELING

• TRANSFER OF SUPPLIES PAYLOAD

Mars Expedition Orbiting Vessels

MARTIAN DAY 4

• EXPLORATION• FURTHER SAMPLING

• FINISH HYDROGEN AND DHE3 REFUELING

• FLIGHT PREPARATIONS

Mars Expedition Orbiting Vessels

MARTIAN DAY 5

• EXTRACTION OF ASTRONAUTS

• REJOIN WITH SPACESHIP RAM

• FINISH FLIGHT PREPARATIONS

• DISCONNECT FROM MMS1

• RETURN TRIP

Mars Expedition Orbiting Vessels

STRUCTURE• LIVING QUARTERS MODELED AFTER THE MIR LIVING MODULE

• STANDARD LIFE SUPPORT• EXERCISE EQUIPMENT• SOLAR PANELS• EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT• DOCKING PORT• FOOD, WATER• WASTE FACILITY

SUB-STRUCTURE• FUSION DEVICE• 6” TITANIUM TUBES • CAPACITOR BANK

• HYDROGEN TANK• PELLET FACTORY• LASER• PUSHER PLATE

SAFETY• RADIATION LARGE CONCERN• DURATION OF HUMAN SPACE MISSION IS 90

DAYS• SECONDARY RADIATION

• GALACTIC COSMIC RADIATION• SOLAR ENERGETIC PARTICLES • INTERACT WITH SPACE STRUCTURES• GENERALLY IGNORED IN SPACE ARCHITECTURE

• NEUTRONS EMITTED FROM FUSION REACTION• USE DEUTERIUM-HELIUM3

• PROLONGED EXPOSURE INCLUDES RADIOGENIC CANCERS

• BORON NITRIDE NANOTUBES• LOW ATOMIC NUMBER ATOMS• CAN BE PROCESSED AND

HYDROGENATED

FUEL SOURCE²D + ³HE → 4-HE (3.6 MEV) + P+ (14.7 MEV)

18.3 MEV TOTAL

FUEL SOURCE•1263.55 KG ²D FUEL

•1895.33 KG ³HE

•TOTAL FUEL MASS: 3158.88 KG

FUEL SOURCE

•  

FAST IGNITION

FAST IGNITION

TORUS

MIRROR

MAGNETIC CONFINEMENT FUSIONMAGNETIC CONFINEMENT IS IMPRACTICAL

TORUS (TOKAMAK) - “THEIR GREAT SIZE AND MASS RENDER THEM UNAPPEALING FOR SPACE PROPULSION, WHERE LIGHTWEIGHT IS PARAMOUNT."

PRIMARY PROBLEM – DIFFICULT TO SUSTAIN THE FUSION REACTION WHILE ‘LEAKING’ OUT PLASMA

MIRROR - “THE DEARTH OF EXPERIMENTAL DATA ON THEIR OPERATION AND INDEED THEIR ENGINEERING FEASIBILITY RENDER SERIOUS ENGINEERING ASSESSMENT DIFFICULT"

FAST IGNITION

INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSIONAVOIDS MAGNETIC CONFINEMENT’S MAIN PROBLEMEXISTING PLASMA NOT REQUIRED

CONSTANT FLOW OF FUEL PELLETS MAKES NEW REACTIONSCOMPLEX MAGNETIC FIELDS NOT NEEDED

SIMPLE PUSHER PLATEDIRECTS CHARGED IONS BACKWARDS

FAST IGNITION

SPECIFICS:TRADITION ICF’S STILL HAVE PROBLEMS

NATIONAL IGNITION FACILITY REACTOR CONTAINS 192 LASERS DELIVERING A TOTAL OF 500 TERAWATTS OF POWER

FAST IGNITIONCONCENTRATES LASER ENERGY ON SINGLE POINTREDUCES AMOUNT OF LASERS, ENERGY REQUIRED, AND DESIGN COMPLEXITY

FUEL AND ENERGY

• CHOSEN TYPE OF FUEL D- HE3• 20PS PULSES• 100KJ ENERGY REQUIREMENT PER PULSE• COMBINED FUEL AND ENERGY CALCULATIONS TO FIND TOTALS

MISSION TOTALS

• BURN TIME OF 6 HOURS TO REDUCE G LOAD• LASER FIRING EVERY 20PS • 5.00 X 10^15 WATTS• 1.08 X 10^20 JOULES• POWER OF NIF IS 1.25X10^15 WATTS

ENERGY SOURCE

• METHOD OF STORING ENERGY • PROBLEMS WITH CONVENTIONAL ENERGY STORAGE

• MASS• SIZE• LOSS OF VOLTAGE• INEFFICIENT

• NEED FOR PLAUSIBLE SOURCE OF POWER FOR TRIP

GRAPHENE

• HIGH CAPACITY ENERGY STORAGE DEVICE• ENERGY DENSITY 10-20 TIMES GREATER THAN CONVENTIONAL• THIN LAYERS CREATE HUGE SURFACE AREAS TO STORE ENERGY ON.• CREATE A “BLACK BOX” TO STORE THE INITIAL POWER REQUIRED

CREW FOR OUR MISSION

CATHERINE COLEMAN

• CATHERINE COLEMAN IS A CURRENT NASA ASTRONAUT• SHE WAS A CREW MEMBER OF THE EXPEDITION 27 TO ISS.• WHILE ON EXPEDITION 27, SHE SPENT 159 DAYS IN SPACE

ABOARD THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION.

SERGEI AVDEYEV

• SERGEI AVDEYEV IS A RUSSIAN ENGINEER AND COSMONAUT.• HE AT ONE POINT HELD RECORD FOR CUMULATIVE TIME SPENT

IN SPACE, WITH 747.59 DAYS IN EARTH ORBIT ACCUMULATED THROUGH THREE TOURS OF DUTY ABOARD THE MIR SPACE STATION.

• THE LONGEST TIME HE SPENT IN SPACE WAS DURING THE SOYUZ TM-28 & SOYUZ TM-29, IN WHICH HE STAYED 379 DAYS ABOARD THE MIR SPACE STATION.

GENNADY PADALKA

• GENNADY PADALKA IS A RUSSIAN AIR FORCE OFFICER AND AN RSA COSMONAUT.

• GENNADY, SERVED AS THE COMMANDER OF MIR EXPEDITION 26 LAUNCHED ON AUGUST 13, 1998.

• HE ACCUMULATED 198 DAYS AND 16 HOURS OF SPACE TRAVEL DURING THE SOYUZ TM- 28 MISSION.

REFERENCES

• HTTP://WWW.NASA.GOV/DIRECTORATES/SPACETECH/NIAC/THIBEAULT_RADIATION_SHIELDING.HTML

• WWW.TOP10LIST.ORG • HTTP://NEWSICARE.FILES.WORDPRESS.COM/2010/07/TORUS-FUSION.JPG • HTTP://WWW.BIBLIOTECAPLEYADES.NET/IMAGENES_CIENCIA/CIENCI155.JPG • HTTPS://LASERS.LLNL.GOV/SCIENCE_TECHNOLOGY/FUSION_SCIENCE/FAST_IGN

ITION.PHP• WWW.DAILYTECH.COM • HTTP://ITER.RMA.AC.BE/EN/IMG/INERTIALFUSION.JPG