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Transcript of Millennium Development Goal 2: Education for All Presentation in the context of the minor...
Millennium Development Goal 2: Education for All
Presentation in the context of the minor “International Development”, Hogeschool Rotterdam, 29 March 2009
Millennium Development Goals
MDG 1: End poverty and hungerMDG2: Universal educationMDG3: Gender equalityMDG4: Child HealthMDG5: Maternal HealthMDG6: Combat HIV/AIDSMDG7: Environmental sustainabilityMDG8: Global partnership
Education MDG
MDG 2: Every child should be able to complete a full cycle of primary education by 2015
MDG 3: Gender parity in primary and secondary education by 2015 (gender parity: number of girls divided by the number of boys)
What have we achieved?
Since 2000, 40 million more children in school. Still, there are 75 million children out of school
MDG3 was missed: only one third of all countries have gender parity, though more girls are going to school than in 2000
Netherlands and MDG2 +3
Ministry of Foreign Affairs: 13% of development budget: € 690 million in 2009
Different ways of fundingBilateral: directly to country (55%)Multilateral: World Bank and UNNon Governmental Organisations: in Netherlands and abroad
Case study: Zambia
Education in Zambia
Zambia has made good progress in primary education
Enrolment grades 1-72000: 1.6 million pupils2008: 2.9 million pupils
On track for MDG2: universal primary education
Challenging the average
Although Zambia does well on average, there are disparities
Regional: rural - urbanGender: boys - girlsPost-primary education: as from grade 9
Quality: a concern
Children are at school, but there is insufficient learning.
National Assessment Test: only one third of the children in grade 5 meets minimum requirements for maths and English
Causes: shortage of teachers, classrooms and textbooks, shift system, poor inspection
What does Zambia do?
In their national education plan focus on:
Recruitment of teachers in districts with a high pupil/teacher ratio (sometimes over 100:1!)
Distribution of textbooks Construction of classrooms Reviewing the curriculum
Change is difficult
It is not easy to get results: Lack of capacity and motivation:
low salaries, limited career options and nepotism (“knowing people”)
Finance: Zambia is a poor country: unit cost per pupil is € 60 – in Holland over € 5000
What does the Embassy do?Financial support to the Ministry of
Education: € 20 million in 2009
Lead donor: consultation with MoE and donors; field visits; research; managing funds for other agencies
Policy advice
No Dutch experts: there are qualified Zambians