TRTTrasport

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SCATTER workshopOctober 24th 2003 – Polytechnic of Milan – Department of Architecture and

Planning

Milan case city

Angelo Martino TRT Trasporti e Territorio

SCATTER workshopOctober 24th 2003

Polytechnic of Milan Department of Architecture and Planning

 

TRTTrasport

i e Territori

o

SCATTER workshopOctober 24th 2003 – Polytechnic of Milan – Department of Architecture and

Planning

Milan case city - data

Milan

Rest of Province

Metropolitan area

Population densityProvince of Milano

> 7 0004 000 > 7 0002 000 > 4 0001 000 > 2 000< 1 000

2001 Registry data

2001 data Municipalities Surface Population Density

Milan 1 182 1,301,551 7,213

Metropolitan area 38 448 1,114,784 2,488

Rest of Province 149 1,337 1,350,257 1,010

Tot. Province 188 1,967 3,766,592 1,915

TRTTrasport

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SCATTER workshopOctober 24th 2003 – Polytechnic of Milan – Department of Architecture and

Planning

Fonte: Atlante della competitività

Milan case city - data

TRTTrasport

i e Territori

o

SCATTER workshopOctober 24th 2003 – Polytechnic of Milan – Department of Architecture and

Planning

Development of population (index 1976 = 100)

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

140

1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001

Vimercate-Adda Sud Magenta-AbbiategrassoRho-Legnano Sesto-Brianza MilanoTot. Province

Development of population

Milan case city - data

TRTTrasport

i e Territori

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SCATTER workshopOctober 24th 2003 – Polytechnic of Milan – Department of Architecture and

Planning

Development of population1991 - 2001 Census data

Milan Municipality

Metropolitan Area

Rest of Province

Population variationMilan Province

> 15%10% > 15%

5% > 10%0% > 5%

-5% > 0%-15% > -5%

Infrastructures

Underground

Railways

Main roads

Motorways

Milan case city - data

TRTTrasport

i e Territori

o

SCATTER workshopOctober 24th 2003 – Polytechnic of Milan – Department of Architecture and

Planning

Development of employees (index 1981 = 100)

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

140

1971 1981 1991 1996 2001Vimercate-Adda Sud Magenta-AbbiategrassoRho-Legnano Sesto-Brianza MilanoTot. Province

Production sectors

Milan case city - data

TRTTrasport

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o

SCATTER workshopOctober 24th 2003 – Polytechnic of Milan – Department of Architecture and

Planning

Development of employees1991 - 2001 Census data

Milan Municipality

Metropolitan area

Rest of Province

Employees variationMilano Province

> 40%20% > 40%10% > 20%

0% > 10%-10% > 0%-25% > -10%< -25%

Infrastructures

Underground

Railways

Main roads

Motorways

Milan case city - data

TRTTrasport

i e Territori

o

SCATTER workshopOctober 24th 2003 – Polytechnic of Milan – Department of Architecture and

Planning

MILANO

MONZA

CINISELLO BALSAMOCUSANO MILANINO

RHOSESTO SAN GIOVANNI

SETTIMO MILANESE

BAREGGIO

CORSICO

TREZZANO SUL NAVIGLIO

SAN DONATO MILANESE

GAGGIANO ASSAGO

PIEVE EMANUELE

SEGRATE

PESCHIERA BORROMEO

1995 survey data (ATM)

Rate of car ownershipMilan metopolitan area

> 0.550.50 > 0.550.45 > 0.500.40 > 0.45< 0.40

Main infrastructural element

MetroRailwayMain roadsMotorway

Milan case city - data

Car ownership

TRTTrasport

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SCATTER workshopOctober 24th 2003 – Polytechnic of Milan – Department of Architecture and

Planning

Milan

Rest of Province

Metropolitan area

Inter-municipalities generated tripsProvince of Milano

> 70 %60 % > 70 %50 % > 60 %40 % > 50 %20 % > 40 %< 20 %

1991 Census data

Milan case city - data

Commuting trips

TRTTrasport

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SCATTER workshopOctober 24th 2003 – Polytechnic of Milan – Department of Architecture and

Planning

Spatial and functional structure of the Milan region / 1

•Compact, intense built and mostly industrial areas, partially dismissed and now under re-use interventions

•Low urbanised areas, mostly agricultural, now subject to scattered development

•Compact growth areas along main transport infrastructures

Milan case city – qualitative analysis

TRTTrasport

i e Territori

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SCATTER workshopOctober 24th 2003 – Polytechnic of Milan – Department of Architecture and

Planning

•A monocentric system where in the core “higher” urban function are more and more concentrated

•A “wave” system of urban quality, social classes, land value… with peaks in the city core, in the centre of first ring municipalities and in the second ring scattered development

•A polycentric system based on the historical urban centres surrounding Milan

Milan case city – qualitative analysis

Spatial and functional structure of the Milan region / 2

TRTTrasport

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SCATTER workshopOctober 24th 2003 – Polytechnic of Milan – Department of Architecture and

Planning

From mid’70 to now Milan city has been loosing 1/3 population

From early’80 Municipalities surrounding Milan has began loosing population moving to second ring, but the whole study area has not shown relevant decrementParticularly in the last ten years new tertiary, financial and cultural activity have settled in the core of the city

Loss of population in central areas is in part mitigated by the presence of immigrants and “city users”

“Low value” activity moved outward, in part outside study area

Milan case city – qualitative analysis

Migration flows and location choices in the Milan region /1

TRTTrasport

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SCATTER workshopOctober 24th 2003 – Polytechnic of Milan – Department of Architecture and

Planning

Migration flows and location choices in the Milan region /2

Main factors influenced the phenomenon:

•Lack of planning regulations and policies•Cultural factors and households’ life-cycle•Economic factors•Perceived decrease in quality of life in the city core•Locational freedom

Milan case city – qualitative analysis

TRTTrasport

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SCATTER workshopOctober 24th 2003 – Polytechnic of Milan – Department of Architecture and

Planning

Structure of mobility patterns

a quantitative increase of mobilitya qualitative fragmentation of mobility

•Intra-urban mobility, mostly served by public means of transport•Radial mobility between central city and surrounding areas•Horizontal mobility arising from external areas (mainly in the north of the region) where a consistent transport demand is autonomous from the Milan node

Milan case city – qualitative analysis

TRTTrasport

i e Territori

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SCATTER workshopOctober 24th 2003 – Polytechnic of Milan – Department of Architecture and

Planning

Definitions of sprawl Respondents describe different typologies of urban sprawl:

high quality of housing stockThe sprawling residential suburbs:

The sprawl of deprived peripheries:

Non-residential sprawl:

lack of elements that constitute the “urban” character

lack of sense of community to loss of identity of space and population

isolation can be only partially overcome by the use of private transport, in part because of congestion

Pheripheral areas of main and secondary centres was (and still are) left aside by regeneration policieshere sprawl is characterised by high density and deprived social and physical environment

typical of highly land-consuming and highly accessible activity (commercial centres, leisure clusters) on main transport infrastructuresCause an erosion of the original historical structure of the region favouring the loss of identity

Milan case city – qualitative analysis

TRTTrasport

i e Territori

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SCATTER workshopOctober 24th 2003 – Polytechnic of Milan – Department of Architecture and

Planning

Awareness as a knowledge issue The scale of the analysis can change perception and definition of problems:

The set of data to be used to investigate urban sprawl can’t be only census data because it can’t survey phenomenon like immigration, city users….

“local” scale considers Milan and its immediate surroundings and allow detecting a diffusive type of growth

regional/interregional scale, where Milan is one node of a polycentric system in a compact conurbation that do not respects administrative boundaries. Urban sprawl should be observed at this scale

also temporal scale have to be considered

Milan case city – qualitative analysis