Migration and Development What is at stake? Tauhid Pasha
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Transcript of Migration and Development What is at stake? Tauhid Pasha
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Migration and Development
What is at stake?
Tauhid PashaSenior Specialist, Labour Migration and Human
Development Division, Geneva
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IOM and migration & development (M&D)
“Making migration work for sustainable development for migrants, countries of origin and countries of destination”
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M&D: what is at stake?
• Migration matters today more than ever before
• Migration is relevant to all three pillars of sustainable development
• Governments increasingly recognize that migration is both inevitable and necessary and that it can contribute to inclusive and sustainable social and economic development
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Effects of migration on development
Migration is relevant to the •economic, •social and •environmental dimensions of sustainable development and to •peace and security.
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Migration dynamicsMigration dynamics
1 billion Migrants
7 billion 7 billion PopulationPopulation
232 million 232 million InternationalInternational
740 million 740 million InternalInternal
Feminization:Feminization: ca. 50%ca. 50%
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International Migrants in International Migrants in ContextContext
* Sources: World Bank
237 million
193 million
232 million*
Indonesia Indonesia
BrazilBrazil
International International MigrantsMigrants
4th
5th
Population: Between 4Population: Between 4thth and 5 and 5thth Largest Countries Largest Countries
Economic Contribution: Size of Large GDPs Economic Contribution: Size of Large GDPs
USD 434 billion
USD 379 billion
USD 414 billion*
Saudi ArabiaSaudi Arabia
AustriaAustria
Annual Migrant Annual Migrant RemittancesRemittances
23 rd.
24 th.
28 th.
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IV. Key findings: Comparing four pathways of migration
Most international
migrants move from
the South to the North or
between countries in the South
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More than half of the top 20 migration corridors are accounted for by people migrating from South to South
Top 20 migration corridors worldwide (migrant stock, in thousands), using the World Bank classification, 2010
Source: IOM calculations, based on UN DESA, 2012b.
8Source: IOM calculations, based on UN DESA, 2012b.
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Migration trends in EECA• While migrant stocks in the region seem to have been
stabilizing …• … other types of human mobility emerge (e.g. student
mobility)
Source: UN DESA, 2013, graph generated by IOM RO Vienna Source: UNESCO, 2011
International migrant stock, 1990 - 2013 Outbound mobile students, 2011
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Remittances inflows in EECA, 2012
• Considerable impact of remittances inflows on 5 EECA countries (above 10 % of GDP)
Source: World Bank, Oct. 2013, graph generated by IOM RO Vienna
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Post 2015 development agenda
2015 deadline for achievement of millennium development goals
Safe orderly migration = development gains
Forced or unplanned migration = negative repercussions for human development
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Migration as an enabler of development
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Improving development outcomes
1.Promoting the integration of migration within development processes at national/regional/global levels.
2.Protecting & promoting the human rights of all migrants – including undocumented, stranded, stateless or otherwise vulnerable migrants.
3.Supporting inter-State, multi-stakeholder consultation and cooperation on migration, especially by providing knowledge and expertise
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Effective approaches
1.Mainstreaming migration into development processes.
2.Development at a local level.
3.Diaspora engagement
4.Ethical recruitment standards
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HLD Round Table Recommendations:Assessing the effects of international migration on sustainable development and identifying relevant priorities in view of the preparations of the post-2015
development framework
• Include migration in the post-2015 UN Development Agenda as part of a new global partnership for development and/or as a cross-cutting “enabler”
• Mainstream migration into development and broader sectoral planning – especially labour market policy, health and human rights protection – at local, national and global levels and both in developing and developed countries.
• Embark on an inclusive process of mainstreaming migration into development and other policy sectors, with participation by all relevant ministries and government agencies, civil society, academia, and diaspora organizations; led by designated institutions or coordination bodies equipped with the necessary capacities.
• Raise the quality of research and data collection on migration and invest in more systematic evaluation and impact assessments of migration policies and migration and development initiatives, including through comparable indicators and data on migration, and on the nexus between migration and development.
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Thank you