[Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

42
INTRODUCTION TO THE INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF TAU STUDY OF TAU H H EED” EED” Intermediate Level Islamic course in English for Adults conducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail 16 weekly class started: 27 Nov 2010 16 weekly class started: 27 Nov 2010 Every Saturday night @ 8pm – 10pm Every Saturday night @ 8pm – 10pm Wisma Indah, 448 Changi Road, Wisma Indah, 448 Changi Road, #02-00 next to Masjid Kassim #02-00 next to Masjid Kassim INTRODUCING START OF A NE W COURSE [2] Using curriculum he has developed especially for Using curriculum he has developed especially for English-speaking English-speaking Muslim converts and young English-speaking Adult Muslim converts and young English-speaking Adult Muslims. Muslims. مِ لْ سُ مِ ّ لُ ك ى علٌ ةَ ض يِ رَ ف مْ لِ عْ ل اُ بَ لَ ط مِ لْ سُ مِ ّ لُ ك ى علٌ ةَ ض يِ رَ ف مْ لِ عْ ل اُ بَ لَ طTo seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)” & female)” For further information and registration contact For further information and registration contact Sameer Abdul Jalil Sameer Abdul Jalil (9669 8512) - or e-mail (9669 8512) - or e-mail <[email protected]> <[email protected]> IT CAN ALSO IT CAN ALSO BE A BE A REFRESHER REFRESHER COURSE FOR COURSE FOR MUSLIM MUSLIM PARENTS, PARENTS, EDUCATORS, EDUCATORS, IN IN CONTEMPORARY CONTEMPORARY SINGAPORE. SINGAPORE. OPEN TO ALL OPEN TO ALL IN THE NAME OF ALLAH IN THE NAME OF ALLAH MOST COMPASIONATE MOST COMPASIONATE MOST MERCIFUL MOST MERCIFUL ll Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010 LESSON LESSON - #4 a (Firs - #4 a (Firs

description

“INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF TAUHEED” Intermediate Level Islamic course in English for Adults conducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail

Transcript of [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

Page 1: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

““INTRODUCTION TO THE INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF TAUSTUDY OF TAUHHEED”EED”

Intermediate Level Islamic course in English for Adultsconducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail

16 weekly class started: 27 Nov 2010 16 weekly class started: 27 Nov 2010 Every Saturday night @ 8pm – 10pmEvery Saturday night @ 8pm – 10pm

Wisma Indah, 448 Changi Road, Wisma Indah, 448 Changi Road, #02-00 next to Masjid Kassim#02-00 next to Masjid Kassim

INTRODUCING START

OF A NEW COURSE

[2]

Using curriculum he has developed especially for English-speakingUsing curriculum he has developed especially for English-speakingMuslim converts and young English-speaking Adult Muslims. Muslim converts and young English-speaking Adult Muslims.

ل#م 'ل( م'س% %ع#ل%م ف0ر#يض0ة. على ك ل#مط0ل0ب' ال 'ل( م'س% %ع#ل%م ف0ر#يض0ة. على ك ط0ل0ب' ال““To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”

For further information and registration For further information and registration contact Sameer Abdul Jalilcontact Sameer Abdul Jalil (9669 8512) - or (9669 8512) - or e-mail e-mail <[email protected]><[email protected]>

IT CAN ALSO BE IT CAN ALSO BE A REFRESHER A REFRESHER COURSE FOR COURSE FOR

MUSLIM MUSLIM PARENTS, PARENTS,

EDUCATORS, IN EDUCATORS, IN CONTEMPORARY CONTEMPORARY

SINGAPORE. SINGAPORE. OPEN TO ALLOPEN TO ALL

IN THE NAME OF ALLAHIN THE NAME OF ALLAHMOST COMPASIONATEMOST COMPASIONATEMOST MERCIFULMOST MERCIFUL

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

LESSONLESSON - #4 a (First) - #4 a (First)

Page 2: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

TO CONTINUETO CONTINUE

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 3: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

““Of all His servants, only such as are endowed Of all His servants, only such as are endowed with (innate) knowledge stand (truly) in awe of with (innate) knowledge stand (truly) in awe of Allah: (for they alone comprehend that) verily, Allah: (for they alone comprehend that) verily, Allah is Almighty, Much Forgiving.”Allah is Almighty, Much Forgiving.”

((Qur’an: Fatir 35 : 40Qur’an: Fatir 35 : 40))

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

For those with knowledge ……For those with knowledge ……

Page 4: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

The terms "Tauheed Al-Khaliq-qiyyah" refers to

the approach of confirming the Oneness of God

(Allah) as the Creator (Al-Khaa-liq), verified from

the evidence inherent in the whole of creation.

What is meaning ?What is meaning ?

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 5: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

And "Tauheed Ar-Rubub-biyyah" is the approach of

confirming the Oneness of God (Allah) as also being

the Sustainer or Cherisher (Ar-Rabb) , in the

evidence of the wonderful order and harmonious

existence of all things in this universe.

What is meaning ?What is meaning ?

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 6: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

An invitation to reflect

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 7: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

"Behold! In the creation of the heavens and the "Behold! In the creation of the heavens and the earth and in the alternation of Night and Day, earth and in the alternation of Night and Day, there are indeed Signs for men of understanding, there are indeed Signs for men of understanding,

Men who celebrate the praises of Allah, standing Men who celebrate the praises of Allah, standing sitting and lying down on their sides and sitting and lying down on their sides and contemplate the wonders of creation in the contemplate the wonders of creation in the heavens and the earth, (with a thought): heavens and the earth, (with a thought): "Our Lord! You have not created this for nothing! "Our Lord! You have not created this for nothing! Glory to Thee! Give us salvation from the penalty Glory to Thee! Give us salvation from the penalty of the Fire." of the Fire."

((Qur’an : Ali Imran 3 : 190-191 Qur’an : Ali Imran 3 : 190-191 ))All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

An invitation to reflect

Page 8: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

The greatest evidence of Allah s.w.t., for us to The greatest evidence of Allah s.w.t., for us to confirm and verify is the whole of creation. confirm and verify is the whole of creation.

Nature and the study of nature both proclaim to us Nature and the study of nature both proclaim to us the fact that there is one God Who, in His infinite the fact that there is one God Who, in His infinite Wisdom has created and continues to sustain this Wisdom has created and continues to sustain this universe.universe.

The superb order, organization and meaningfulness The superb order, organization and meaningfulness of the things in nature perceive by us cannot be of the things in nature perceive by us cannot be explained except that it must have been brought explained except that it must have been brought into existence by a Creator - a Being with an infinite into existence by a Creator - a Being with an infinite intelligence and not by a blind force. intelligence and not by a blind force.

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 9: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

The highly complex order in things, the The highly complex order in things, the sophistication and intricacies of design towards sophistication and intricacies of design towards certain utility does not portray haphazardness in certain utility does not portray haphazardness in nature but rather indicates a "nature but rather indicates a "Will Will " of One Who is " of One Who is Able and Wise. Able and Wise.

This is discernable by those who exercises their reasoning faculty when observing nature, a characteristic which Allah enjoins upon us Muslims to be. And Allah s.w.t. warns those who are heedless due to their neglect of the apparent signs and deem them as beasts or worse than that:

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 10: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 11: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

"Many are the Jinns (spirits) and men We have "Many are the Jinns (spirits) and men We have

made for Hell: made for Hell:

They have hearts wherewith they understand They have hearts wherewith they understand

not, eyes wherewith they see not, and ears not, eyes wherewith they see not, and ears

wherewith they hear not. wherewith they hear not.

They are like cattle,- nay more misguided: for They are like cattle,- nay more misguided: for

they are heedless (of warning)." they are heedless (of warning)."

( ( Qur’an : A'raf: 7 :179 Qur’an : A'raf: 7 :179 ))

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 12: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 13: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

"And on earth there are Signs (of Allah's "And on earth there are Signs (of Allah's existence, visible) to all who are endowed with existence, visible) to all who are endowed with inner certainty, just as (there are signs) inner certainty, just as (there are signs) thereof within your ownselves: can you not thereof within your ownselves: can you not then see? “then see? “

( ( Qur'an: Az-Dzariyat: 51 : 20-21 Qur'an: Az-Dzariyat: 51 : 20-21 ))

Page 14: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 15: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

Get into a different groupings - each not Get into a different groupings - each not more than 5 persons – and do a brief more than 5 persons – and do a brief ta’aruf (getting to know). Then discuss …ta’aruf (getting to know). Then discuss …

‘‘Miracles’ or signs of Allah’s existence are Miracles’ or signs of Allah’s existence are everywhere to those who observe and everywhere to those who observe and reflect.reflect.

1.1. As a group choose one aspect of the As a group choose one aspect of the human body/ anatomy / organ; analyze human body/ anatomy / organ; analyze how it is created, it’s function, its how it is created, it’s function, its usefulness etc. to discover that these usefulness etc. to discover that these could not have been there merely by could not have been there merely by ‘random chance’ .‘random chance’ .

TAMRINTAMRIN

(EXERCISE)

(EXERCISE)

““Let us discuss andLet us discuss andapply what we have apply what we have learnt”learnt”

15You are given only You are given only 30 minutes 30 minutes to complete this assignmentto complete this assignment

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 16: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 17: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

Say: “Can the blind be held equal to the Say: “Can the blind be held equal to the seeing? “ Will you then not think (consider)?seeing? “ Will you then not think (consider)?

( ( Qur'an: An’am: 7: 50 Qur'an: An’am: 7: 50 ))

Page 18: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

Do you know .... Do you know ....

The eye is the world’s most efficient ‘television The eye is the world’s most efficient ‘television station’ : it takes in flawless pictures in colour and station’ : it takes in flawless pictures in colour and transmits them without the least blurring to the transmits them without the least blurring to the brain.brain.It takes a photographer to appreciate fully the It takes a photographer to appreciate fully the working of the eye. Like any camera it is in a small working of the eye. Like any camera it is in a small dark box, with an aperture in front filled with a dark box, with an aperture in front filled with a transparent pane (as a window).transparent pane (as a window).

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 19: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

Do you know .... Do you know ....

In front of this pane there is a shutter of variable In front of this pane there is a shutter of variable speed, called ‘iris’, with adjustable slit and speed, called ‘iris’, with adjustable slit and automatic release.automatic release.Behind, there is the crystalline lens whose curvature Behind, there is the crystalline lens whose curvature is continually adjusted by automatic muscles so that is continually adjusted by automatic muscles so that whatever is looked upon is always sharply focus.whatever is looked upon is always sharply focus.Six large powerful muscles control the movements Six large powerful muscles control the movements of the eye and point it in any desired direction.of the eye and point it in any desired direction.

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 20: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

Do you know .... Do you know ....

The delicate part of this precision instrument are The delicate part of this precision instrument are kept clean by the eye-lids, which are ‘window kept clean by the eye-lids, which are ‘window wipers’ and use a cleaning fluid secreted by the wipers’ and use a cleaning fluid secreted by the gland at the corner of the eye and poured in gland at the corner of the eye and poured in through a siphon.through a siphon.A constant temperature is maintained, as in a A constant temperature is maintained, as in a laboratory with highly sensitive apparatus, by laboratory with highly sensitive apparatus, by means of a heat regulating membrane called means of a heat regulating membrane called ‘‘choroidchoroid’.’.

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 21: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

Do you know .... Do you know ....

The photographic plate of the eye is a small screen The photographic plate of the eye is a small screen at the back, called ‘retina’, on to which the images at the back, called ‘retina’, on to which the images of the things we see are focussed.of the things we see are focussed.The retina can take 10 different pictures each The retina can take 10 different pictures each second – 800,000 pictures a day, wiping itself clean second – 800,000 pictures a day, wiping itself clean after each.after each.It is so fast that 30,000 separate points of light can It is so fast that 30,000 separate points of light can be recorded by a single square millimetre (the size be recorded by a single square millimetre (the size of a nail-head) of its surface.of a nail-head) of its surface.

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 22: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

Do you know .... Do you know ....

All the pictures are in All the pictures are in vivid colour, with sharp vivid colour, with sharp outlines, and delicate outlines, and delicate shading; they are, besides, shading; they are, besides, movies in three dimension movies in three dimension (3-D), thanks to the (3-D), thanks to the stereoscopic focus of the stereoscopic focus of the two eyeballs on our head.two eyeballs on our head.

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 23: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 24: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

Do you know .... Do you know ....

Long before man discovered wireless, the ear Long before man discovered wireless, the ear ‘knew’ all that was to be known about the reception ‘knew’ all that was to be known about the reception of sound waves. of sound waves.

The human ear consists of a funnel beautifully The human ear consists of a funnel beautifully adapted to pick up sounds and equipped with fleshy adapted to pick up sounds and equipped with fleshy folds which enable it to perceive the direction from folds which enable it to perceive the direction from which the sound comes.which the sound comes.

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 25: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

Do you know ....Do you know ....

Inside the ear, fine hairs and a sticky wax prevent Inside the ear, fine hairs and a sticky wax prevent harmful insects, dust, etc. from getting in.harmful insects, dust, etc. from getting in.

Across the inner end of the funnel there is a tightly Across the inner end of the funnel there is a tightly stretched membrane, the ear-drum, which vibrates stretched membrane, the ear-drum, which vibrates like the skin of the like the skin of the tablatabla (Indian percussion (Indian percussion instrument) when sound waves strike it. instrument) when sound waves strike it.

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 26: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

Do you know ....Do you know ....

The vibrations are then passed on and amplified by The vibrations are then passed on and amplified by three bones (the three bones (the hammerhammer, the , the stirrupstirrup and the and the anvilanvil) ) whose relative sizes are precisely adjusted to whose relative sizes are precisely adjusted to produce just the needed amplification. Indeed, produce just the needed amplification. Indeed, these bones never grow.these bones never grow.

Amazingly, these bones are of exactly the same size Amazingly, these bones are of exactly the same size as in the infant and in the adult.as in the infant and in the adult.

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 27: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

Do you know ....Do you know ....

The amplified vibrations are carried by the bones to another membrane just beyond which lies the wonderful organ of hearing, the inner ear.

This is a small tube (the cochlea) coiled up like the shell of a snail, and filled with a liquid in which a harp of 6,000 strings ranging in length from 1/20 to ½ mm, hang suspended.

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 28: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

Do you know ....Do you know ....

Each string vibrates to a particular frequency of sound so that the ear can hear all possible combinations of 6,000 different sounds.

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 29: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

Do you know ....Do you know ....

The vibration of the strings are transmitted to 18,000 nerve cells whose fibres communicate with the brain.

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 30: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 31: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

The Brain The Brain is the centre which controls, directs and is the centre which controls, directs and coordinates the varied activities of all the coordinates the varied activities of all the innumerable organs of the body. innumerable organs of the body.

It receives messages from each of the senses, It receives messages from each of the senses, interprets them, sends the proper replies to the interprets them, sends the proper replies to the organs concerned so that the body reacts organs concerned so that the body reacts appropriately, and registers all the information appropriately, and registers all the information received in the storage memory.received in the storage memory.

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 32: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

Think of a huge telephone exchange in continual Think of a huge telephone exchange in continual contact with every man, woman and child on earth, contact with every man, woman and child on earth, sending and receiving messages to and from each sending and receiving messages to and from each other one every few seconds and you have a faint other one every few seconds and you have a faint idea of the incredibly complex organization of the idea of the incredibly complex organization of the brain.brain.

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 33: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

In the white and grey matter of the brain there are In the white and grey matter of the brain there are nearly a thousand million nerve cells. nearly a thousand million nerve cells.

Each is an electric battery and a small telegraph Each is an electric battery and a small telegraph transmitter. Each cell branches out into a number of transmitter. Each cell branches out into a number of fine conducting threads, the nerve fibres, which fine conducting threads, the nerve fibres, which extend to all parts of the body. extend to all parts of the body.

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 34: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

A large number of them run down the hollow back A large number of them run down the hollow back bone, twisted together into a thick cable, the spinal bone, twisted together into a thick cable, the spinal cord. Admirably, this is protected by the bony and cord. Admirably, this is protected by the bony and well-cushioned walls of the spine. Through these tiny well-cushioned walls of the spine. Through these tiny threads, each of which is covered with an insulating threads, each of which is covered with an insulating sheath, a current flows at the speed of about 70 sheath, a current flows at the speed of about 70 m.p.h., carrying messages through and from the m.p.h., carrying messages through and from the brain, with marvellous speed and accuracy. brain, with marvellous speed and accuracy.

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 35: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

There is an elaborate system of relays, condensers, There is an elaborate system of relays, condensers, switches etc .. (to use technical terms), which permits switches etc .. (to use technical terms), which permits the transmission of the most unexpected messages the transmission of the most unexpected messages between the brain and each of the millions of cells it between the brain and each of the millions of cells it controls, without the least confusion or delay. controls, without the least confusion or delay.

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 36: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

Obvious conclusion Obvious conclusion

From the foregoing, we cannot imagine that the brain From the foregoing, we cannot imagine that the brain is just a lump of matter, accidently placed in our is just a lump of matter, accidently placed in our head! head!

On the contrary, it is invested with profound On the contrary, it is invested with profound significance for which we should exclaim glorification, significance for which we should exclaim glorification, "SubhaanAllah! Al"SubhaanAllah! Alhhamdulillaah! Mashaa-Allaah! amdulillaah! Mashaa-Allaah! Allahu Akbar!“Allahu Akbar!“

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 37: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

Obvious conclusion Obvious conclusion

Empirical science can only explain the "how" or the workings of physics, but never the "why" - whose meaning lies in metaphysic. Why does it work that way? It must be because of an irresistible "Will", that must have prepared it for its future functional use outside the womb.

The scientific fact shows that its existence and The scientific fact shows that its existence and sustainment requires a "sustainment requires a "WillWill" or an "" or an "Intelligent Intelligent BeingBeing” who is both its Creator and the Sustainer. ” who is both its Creator and the Sustainer.

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 38: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

Obvious conclusion Obvious conclusion

It is impossible for anything so meaningful and It is impossible for anything so meaningful and complex and yet orderly in its function to exist complex and yet orderly in its function to exist without the need for God (Allah), the Absolute One without the need for God (Allah), the Absolute One God, Who is the Creator, Sustainer, Nourisher of the God, Who is the Creator, Sustainer, Nourisher of the Universe.Universe.

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 39: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

"Were they created of nothing, or were they "Were they created of nothing, or were they themselves the creators? “themselves the creators? “

((Qur'an: Surah Tur: 51: 35Qur'an: Surah Tur: 51: 35))

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 40: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

After observing so many wonderful organs in ourselves, each organ is prepared with such complexity and amazingly equipped to function in such a manner to sustain us - and these are outside our conscious ability to directly manage them, but somehow are being managed for us - surely, we have to concede of the power of Allah, the Creator

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 41: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

Who designed them? and Whose power Sustains and continue to manifest a Will over them for us?

To deny this is sheer arrogance and surely preposterous to merely ascribe it to 'nature'.

And what is 'nature'? An unknown entity, devoid of any attribution of Will nor intelligence. ... Yet they imply that it can sustain us !??

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

Page 42: [Slideshare]tauhid course(#4a-inner).

How stubbornly foolish! Nay, if we sincerely look within our heart and mind, especially reinforced and supported by our pure intuition (fitrah), these evidence prove clearly of the existence of an absolute Creator and Sustainer.

And there can only be One Who is the Absolute - and to deny this is to conceal or cover an obvious truth (the attitude termed 'kufr').

Na-'uudzu billaah min dzaalik!All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2010

TO BE CONTINUED ...TO BE CONTINUED ...