MESSAGES RELATED TO THE CONFLICT IN ZOOTOPIA BY …
Transcript of MESSAGES RELATED TO THE CONFLICT IN ZOOTOPIA BY …
MESSAGES RELATED TO THE CONFLICT IN ZOOTOPIA
BY JARED BUSH AND PHIL JOHNSTON
AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS
Presented as Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements
for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra
in English Letters
By
NADYA STEPHANIE SUCIPTO
Student Number: 174214085
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS
FACULTY OF LETTERS
UNIVERSITAS SANATA DHARMA
YOGYAKARTA
2021
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MESSAGES RELATED TO THE CONFLICT IN ZOOTOPIA
BY JARED BUSH AND PHIL JOHNSTON
AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS
Presented as Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements
for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra
in English Letters
By
NADYA STEPHANIE SUCIPTO
Student Number: 174214085
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS
FACULTY OF LETTERS
UNIVERSITAS SANATA DHARMA
YOGYAKARTA
2021
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A Sarjana Sastra Undergraduate Thesis
MESSAGES RELATED TO THE CONFLICT IN ZOOTOPIA
BY JARED BUSH AND PHIL JOHNSTON
By
NADYA STEPHANIE SUCIPTO
Student Number: 174214085
Approved by
Drs. Hirmawan Wijarnaka, M.Hum June 4, 2021
Advisor
Elisabeth Oseanita Pukan S.S., M.A. June 4, 2021
Co-Advisor
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A Sarjana Sastra Undergraduate Thesis
MESSAGES RELATED TO THE CONFLICT IN ZOOTOPIA
BY JARED BUSH AND PHIL JOHNSTON
By
NADYA STEPHANIE SUCIPTO
Student Number: 174214085
Defended before the Board of Examiners
on June 16, 2021
and Declared Acceptable
BOARD OF EXAMINERS
NAME SIGNATURE
Chairperson : Drs. Hirmawan Wijanarka, M.Hum ____________
Secretary : Elisabeth Oseanita Pukan, S.S., M.A. ____________
Member 1 : Epata Puji Astuti, S.S., M.A. ____________
Member 2 : Drs. Hirmawan Wijanarka, M.Hum ____________
Member 3 : Elisabeth Oseanita Pukan, S.S., M.A. ____________
Yogyakarta, June 30, 2021
Faculty of Letters
Universitas Sanata Dharma
Dean
Dr. Tatang Iskarna
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STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY
I certify that this undergraduate thesis contains no material which has been
previously submitted for the award of any other degree at any university, and that,
to the best of my knowledge, this undergraduate thesis contains no material
previously written by any other person except where due reference is made in the
text of the undergraduate thesis.
June 3, 2021
Nadya Stephanie Sucipto
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LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA
ILMIAH UNTUK KEPENTINGAN AKADEMIS
Yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini, saya mahasiswa Universitas Sanata Dharma
Nama : Nadya Stephanie Sucipto
Nomor Mahasiswa : 174214085
Demi pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan, saya memberikan kepada Perpustakaan
Universitas Sanata Dharma karya ilmiah saya yang berjudul
MESSAGES RELATED TO THE CONFLICT IN ZOOTOPIA
BY JARED BUSH AND PHIL JOHNSTON
beserta perangkat yang diperlukan (bila ada). Dengan demikian saya memberikan
kepada Perpustakaan Universitas Sanata Dharma hak untuk menyimpan,
mengalihkan dalam bentuk media lain, mengelolanya dalam bentuk pangkalan data,
mendistribusikan secara terbatas, dan mempublikasikannya di internet atau media
lain untuk kepentingan akademis tanpa perlu meminta ijin kepada saya maupun
memberikan royalti kepada saya selama tetap mencantumkan nama saya sebagai
penulis.
Demikian pernyataan ini saya buat dengan sebenarnya.
Dibuat di Yogyakarta
Pada tanggal 3 Juni 2021
Yang menyatakan,
Nadya Stephanie Sucipto
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“Life is tough,
my darling,
But so are you.” - Stephanie Bennett
Henry
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First of all, I would like to express my gratitude to God for giving me
strength, and motivation to finish this thesis. I would like to thank my thesis advisor,
Drs. Hirmawan Wijarnaka, M.Hum, for his guidance, time, and help during the
process of writing this thesis. I would like to thank Miss Elisabeth Oseanita Pukan
S.S., M.A., my co-advisor in writing this thesis, and Mrs. Epata Puji Astuti, S.S.,
M.A. as my examiner.
I would like to express my gratitude to my family, especially my older sister,
Sunshine Indriane, who always supports me and encourages me to finish this thesis.
My older brother, who always listen to my complaints all the time. For my friends
from high school who always get me out from my room, and remind me to take a
break during the process of writing my thesis. Lastly, I would also like to thank my
friends for being here since the first semester in Sanata Dharma. Without you guys,
I would be lost. I would certainly miss our gossiping and “mau makan apa nanti”.
Nadya Stephanie Sucipto
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE ........................................................................................................ ii
APPROVAL PAGE ............................................................................................. iii
ACCEPTANCE PAGE ........................................................................................ iv
STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY .................................................................... v
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH
UNTUK KEPENTINGAN AKADEMIS .............................................................. vi
MOTTO PAGE ................................................................................................... vii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................... viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................... ix
ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................... xi
ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................. xii
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ........................................................................ 1
A. Background of the Study .............................................................................. 1
B. Problem Formulation ................................................................................... 5
C. Objectives of the Study ................................................................................ 5
D. Definition of Terms ...................................................................................... 5
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE .................................................... 7
A. Review of Related Studies ........................................................................... 7
B. Review of Related Theories ....................................................................... 13
1. Theory of Characterization ..................................................................... 13
2. Theory of Message ................................................................................. 17
3. Theory of Conflict .................................................................................. 17
C. Theoretical Framework .............................................................................. 18
CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY .................................................................. 20
A. Object of the Study..................................................................................... 20
B. Approach of the Study ............................................................................... 21
C. Method of the Study ................................................................................... 22
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CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS ............................................................................... 24
A. The Characteristics of Judy Hopps in Zootopia ......................................... 24
1. Brave ...................................................................................................... 24
2. Smart ...................................................................................................... 25
3. Hard-working ......................................................................................... 29
4. Kind ........................................................................................................ 31
5. Ambitious ............................................................................................... 34
6. Confident ................................................................................................ 35
B. The Conflict Experienced by Judy Hopps in Zootopia .............................. 36
1. Discrimination ........................................................................................ 37
2. Fear of Predator Animals ....................................................................... 42
C. Messages Related to the Conflict in Zootopia ........................................... 45
1. Discrimination and Stereotype Can be Eliminated ................................ 47
2. Everyone Can Achieve Their Dreams .................................................... 50
3. Do Not Judge a Book by Its Cover ......................................................... 51
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION .......................................................................... 53
REFERENCES .................................................................................................... 59
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ABSTRACT
SUCIPTO, NADYA STEPHANIE. (2021). Messages Related to the Conflict in
Zootopia by Jared Bush and Phil Johnston. Yogyakarta: English Letters
Department, Faculty of Letters, Universitas Sanata Dharma.
A conflict is an important part in every story and is the basic idea in a story.
Conflict is a struggle between two opposing forces. Discrimination could happen
anywhere, anytime, and to anyone. It often happens to minorities such as in race,
religion, or color. It could happen in a number of settings, mostly happens in public
places. Discrimination is often portrayed in literary works because it depicted the
situation in the real world. Literature can take any form, such as comic strips,
cartoons, speeches, movies, and music. Fictional persons, animals, monsters, and
also inanimate objects are fictional characters or fictional entities or fictional
objects. This undergraduate thesis analyzes the main character of Zootopia, Judy
Hopps, a female rabbit police officer. In the script and movie, Judy Hopps
experiences external conflict since she was young.
There are three objectives in this undergraduate thesis. The first one is to
identify the characteristics of Judy Hopps in Zootopia movie script. The second
objective is to find out Judy Hopps’ experiences with her conflict in Zootopia. The
third objective is to find out the messages related to the conflict in Zootopia.
This research uses library research method. The primary data of this
undergraduate thesis is a movie script of Zootopia movie written by Jared Bush and
Phil Johnston. The secondary sources are taken from books, journals, e-books, and
articles. The researcher uses theory of characterization by Boggs and Petrie to find
out Judy Hopps’ characteristics, and theory of message by David Bordwell to find
out the messages related to the conflict that Judy experienced in Zootopia. The
approach used in this research is New Criticism approach.
This research concludes that Judy Hopps is a proof that discrimination and
stereotype can be eliminated, and everyone can achieve their dreams. Judy Hopps’
characteristics helped her break the discrimination and stereotype set in Zootopia,
which is prey animals are weaker than predators. The city of Zootopia has a motto
that “Anyone can be anything,” but discrimination still happens there. However,
Judy never gives up on her dreams and becomes the first rabbit police officer. Judy
encourages other animals to follow her footsteps to make a change, because she
believes that no matter who you are, you can be anything, and change starts with
you.
Keywords: conflict, Zootopia, stereotype
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ABSTRAK
SUCIPTO, NADYA STEPHANIE. (2021). Messages Related to the Conflict in
Zootopia by Jared Bush and Phil Johnston. Yogyakarta: Program Studi Sastra
Inggris, Fakultas Sastra, Universitas Sanata Dharma.
Konflik merupakan bagian penting dalam setiap cerita dan merupakan ide
dasar dalam sebuah cerita. Diskriminasi bisa terjadi kapan saja, di mana saja, pada
siapa saja. Biasanya sering terjadi terhadap kaum minoritas seperti di ras, agama,
atau warna kulit. Diskriminasi dapat terjadi di berbagai tempat, kebanyakan terjadi
di tempat umum. Diskriminasi sering digambarkan dalam karya sastra karena
menggambarkan situasi di dunia nyata. Sastra bisa berbentuk apa saja, seperti
komik, kartun, pidato, film, dan musik. Karakter fiksi, hewan, monster, dan juga
benda mati adalh tokoh fiksi atau entitas fiksi atau benda fiksi. Skripsi ini
menganalisis karakter utama Zootopia, yaitu Judy Hopps, seorang polisi kelinci
wanita. Dalam skrip dan film, Judy Hopps mengalami konflik sejak kecil.
Ada tiga obyektif dalam riset ini. Obyektif pertama adalah menemukan
deskripsi karakter Judy Hopps dalam skrip Zootopia. Obyektif kedua adalah
menemukan pengalaman Judy Hopps dengan konflik yang Judy alami di Zootopia.
Obyektif ketiga adalah untuk menemukan pesan-pesan terkait konflik tersebut di
Zootopia.
Riset ini menggunakan metode penelitian pustaka. Sumber utama dari riset
ini adalah naskah Zootopia yang ditulis oleh Jared Bush dan Phil Johnston. Sumber
sekunder diambil dari buku-buku, jurnal, dan artikel. Peneliti menggunakan teori
karakterisasi oleh Boggs dan Petrie untuk mengetahui karakteristik Judy Hopps,
dan teori pesan oleh David Bordwell untuk mengetahui pesan-pesan di Zootopia.
Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kritik sastra
baru.
Riset ini menyimpulkan bahwa Judy Hopps adalah bukti bahwa
diskriminasi dan sterotipe dapat dihilangkan, dan setiap orang dapat mencapai
impiannya. Karakteristik Judy Hopps membantunya mematahkan diskriminasi dan
sterotip yang ada di Zootopia, yaitu hewan mangsa lebih lemah dari predator. Kota
Zootoppia memiliki semboyan bahwa “Siapapun bisa menjadi apa saja,” tetapi
diskriminasi masih terjadi di sana. Namun, Judy tidak pernah menyerah pada
mimpinya dan menjadi polisi kelinci pertama di Zootopia. Judy mendorong hewan
lain untuk mengikuti jejaknya untuk melakukan perubahan, karena ia percaya
bahwa siapa pun Anda, Anda bisa menjadi siapa saja, dan perubahan dimulai dari
Anda.
Kata kunci: konflik, Zootopia, stereotip
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study
A conflict is an important part in every story and it is the basic idea in a
story. From an article written by Fleming, a conflict can be defined as a struggle
between opposing forces. It can be between two characters, a character and nature,
or an internal struggle (2020, para. 2). According to Boggs and Petrie, a conflict is
the element that really captures the audience’s interest, increased the audience’s
experiences, and challenges them (2012, p. 47).
Discrimination is a conflict between two opposing forces. Discrimination
could happen anywhere, anytime, and to anyone. Even to this day, discrimination
still happens and many people have experienced it. Discrimination often happens
to minorities such as in race, religion, or color. Discrimination has become a tool
for people to degrade and treat these minority groups poorly. An article by
American Psychological Association (APA) retrieved from www.apa.org,
discrimination is an unfair or prejudicial treatment of people and groups based on
characteristics such as race, gender, age or sexual orientation (Discrimination,
2019, para. 1).
Based on the research done by the FindLaw’s team of legal writers and
editors, discrimination can occur in a number of settings, including education,
employment, housing, government benefits and services, health care services, land
use or zoning, lending and credit, public accomodations,
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transporations, and voting (2019, para. 3). Based on the statement, it can be
concluded that discrimination often happen in public places including in the
workplace.
The United Nations’ International Labor Organization (2015) defined
employment discrimination as “any distinction, exclusion or preference
made on the basis of race, colour, sex, religion, political opinion, national
extraction or social origin, which has the effect of nullifying or impairing
equality of opportunity or treatment in employment or occupation” (Cheung
et al., 2016, p. 4).
It means any distinction such as race, color, sex, religion, political opinion,
national extraction, or social origin, affected how people treated their colleagues or
employee in the workplace. It often results in people mistreating their colleagues or
employee. Wellek and Warren stated that literature is an “imitation” of life and
social life in particular (1956, p. 109). Discrimination is often portrayed in literary
works because it depicted the situation in the real world. Literary works are the
reflection of real life. According to Krystal, quoting Marcus and Werner, “literary
means not only what is written but what is voiced, what is expressed, what is
invented, in whatever form” (2014, para. 1). It means that literature can take any
forms. Krystal also stated that maps, sermons, comic strips, cartoons, speeches,
photographs, movies, war memorials, and music are all literature (2014, para. 1).
According to the Kroon and Voltolini, fictional persons, animals, monsters,
and also inanimate objects are fictional characters or fictional entities or fictional
objects (2018, para. 2). “Zootopia” is a movie that only has animals as their
characters, and Zootopia itself is the name of the city that these animals live. In this
study, the researcher analyzes Zootopia using the movie script as the object of the
study.
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Zootopia is a Walt Disney animated movie released on March 4, 2016. The
story is written by Byron Howard, Rich Moore, Jared Bush, Jim Reardon, Josie
Trinidad, Phil Johnston, and Jennifer Lee. However, the screenplay is written by
only Jared Bush and Phil Johnston, and the movie is directed by Byron Howard,
Rich Moore, and Jared Bush. Zootopia has won several big awards in 2017, such
as an Animated Feature Film category at the 89th Academy Awards, Best Motion
Picture - Animated category at the 74th Golden Globe Awards, Favorite Animated
Movie category at the 2017 Kids’ Choice Awards and many more. Zootopia is also
nominated for Best Animated Feature Film category at the 70th British Academy
Film Awards, and Favorite Movie and Favorite Family Movie categories at the 43rd
People’s Choice Awards. Zootopia received many positive reviews and gained 8/10
ratings on IMDb and the movie grossed $341 million (Zootopia - IMDb, 2016).
Zootopia is a movie about a female rabbit named Judy Hopps, who had a
dream to become a police officer when she was young because she wants to make
the world a better place. Her dream caused her parents to worry because there are
no rabbits who work as police officers before. Fifteen years later, Judy attended the
Zootopia Police Academy, where she had to work hard to prove that she deserves
to be there. All the cadets at the police academy had to go through the simulation
test to graduate. The cadets at the academy are mostly big animals such as elephants,
wolves, polar bears, and lions. Judy was the only rabbit and the smallest cadet at
the academy. The simulation test consists of a few ecosystems that exists in the city
of Zootopia. Judy graduated from the police academy and is placed on the 1st
precinct in the heart of Zootopia, where 90 percent of its inhabitants are prey, and
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the 10 percent is predators. According to Aqueda, prey animals are animals that are
preyed on, and are often herbivorous (2019, para. 3). Predator animals need to kill
and eat other animals in order to survive (Fair, 2021, para. 1).
Judy Hopps left her parents and 245 siblings behind at Bunnyburrow, her
hometown, and moved to Zootopia. The city of Zootopia has its own motto, which
is “Anyone can be anything.” Judy is well known as the first rabbit to become a
police officer. On her first day, Chief Bogo, an African buffalo, assigned her to the
parking duty while her colleagues were given the 14 missing mammal cases, clearly
underestimating her intelligence and skills as a police officer because she is a rabbit.
Later on, Judy promised a female otter to find her missing husband and Chief Bogo
only gave her 48 hours to find the missing otter named Emmitt Otterton. With the
help of a con fox, Nick Wilder, she began working on finding Emmitt Otterton.
Later on, Judy and Nick found all of the missing animals.
After watching the movie and reading the movie script, the researcher wants
to analyze the conflict that Judy Hopps experienced in the movie. Zootopia is a
movie that shows how Judy experienced external conflict since she was young.
Even when she was in the academy, she was seen as weaker than any other animal
and that she was not capable of being a police officer because she was the smallest
cadet. Zootopia is essential because the movie gives us more knowledge on not to
treat people differently just because of they are different than most people, and not
judge others based on their looks. This movie also showed how Judy works hard to
prove everyone, who underestimated her and overlooked her, wrong.
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B. Problem Formulation
In this study, the researcher formulates three problems:
1. How are the characteristics of Judy Hopps portrayed in Zootopia?
2. How does Judy Hopps experience her conflict in Zootopia?
3. What are the messages related to the conflict revealed in Zootopia?
C. Objectives of the Study
There are three objectives in this study. The first objective is to portray the
characteristics of Judy Hopps in Zootopia movie script. The second objective is to
find out Judy Hopps’ experiences with her conflict in Zootopia. The third objective
is to find out the messages related to conflict in Zootopia.
D. Definition of Terms
In this part, the researcher mentions three definition of terms used in this
study which need to be explained. Those definition of terms are discrimination,
message, and conflict.
The first term is discrimination. Discrimination is an action where a group
of people treats another group of people or individuals differently because of their
distinctive features or characteristics or backgrounds. According to Eidelson, to
discriminate against someone, one must treat him differently in some dimension
than others, and this differential treatment must be comparatively disadvantageous
to him in some respect (2015, p. 15). Aguirre states that discrimination is a process
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by an individual, group, or subpopulation of individuals that deny another
individual, group, or subpopulation to valued resources (2010, p. 6).
Discrimination is a universal problem. According to Khan Academy, “In
this inequal social system, there is often unfair treatment directed against certain
individuals or social groups (Examples of Prejudice & Discrimination in Society
Today (Article), n.d.)”. Discrimination is an unfair treatment that a certain group of
people or individuals faces daily. Discrimination often happens to a minority group
or an individual that belongs to this minority group. This treatment usually has
negative effects on a certain group of people or individuals. From this definition,
the term of discrimination in this study means treating other people differently
because of their differences that also disadvantageous and unfair to those people
who are being discriminated. Different treatment in discrimination implies a group
of people deny or restrict a certain group or individual from getting their rights.
The second term is message. In Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary
(“Message,” 2020), message is defined as an underlying theme or idea. From this
definition, the term message in this study is the underlying message behind the
event that Judy Hopps’ experienced in the movie.
The third term is conflict. According to DiYanni, conflict is a struggle
between opposing forces in a story or play, it may occur within a character and
between characters, usually resolved by the end of the work (2021). From this
definition, the term of conflict in this study is the conflict that Judy Hopps
experienced within herself and other characters in the movie.
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CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
A. Review of Related Studies
In this part, the researcher reviews certain studies that have been done that
have a similar topic with the researcher’s study. The researcher finds some related
studies that discuss the same topic but in different work. This part aims to find the
differences and the similarities between this study and other studies.
The first study is a journal article conducted by James Madula, Singgih Daru
Kuncara, and Chris Asanti (2017) entitled Rebellion Against Racism and
Discrimination in the Movies Rise of the Planet of the Apes and Dawn of the Planet
of the Apes. This study discusses three problem formulations. The first is the racism
treatments from human toward the apes. The second is the discrimination from
humans toward apes. The third and the last one is the rebellion actions from the
apes.
The researchers in this journal article analyzed the two movies Rise of the
Planet of the Apes and Dawn of the Planet of the Apes, using the movie scripts. The
researchers discuss the racism and discrimination that the apes experienced in the
movies that lead them to rebel against humans. This journal article analyzes the
content of the movies from the dialog or conversations between the main characters
and also the actions in the movies. This journal article uses a content analysis
approach as stated in the journal article “This research identifies the human
connections and explores the verbal, visual, themes and the biases in the
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movie (2017, p. 132)”.
The theories of rebellion, racism, and discrimination are also applied to
support this journal article. This journal article consists of racism towards the apes
in the two movies as they mention:
The racism treatments from Humans toward the Apes could be seen by how
they thought about the Apes and how they treat the Apes unfairly. Human
thought that the Apes are just a species which are not worthy than Human.
They thought that the Apes are not intelligent enough and Apes are weak
(2017, p. 134).
Madula, Kuncara, and Asanti stated that individual racism is the most
dominant issue in the movies, and individual racism is followed by discrimination
treatments. “The discrimination treatments in the movies appeared close enough
with the emergence of individual racism action, which means that where there is
individual racism action, there is also discrimination action (2017, p. 136)”. This
journal article also consists of discrimination treatments from humans toward apes,
as they mention:
Humans were not just being rasict to the Apes by their words or prejudice
towards the Apes, but even worst. The Apes were discriminated by humans,
not just through their physics but also their rights as living creatures (p. 134).
The conclusion from this journal article is in the two movies, Rise of the
Planet of the Apes and Dawn of the Planet of the Apes, humans mistreated the apes,
using them as human’s experiments and putting the apes’ lives in danger. The
individual racism action is followed by discrimination action, leading to the apes’
rebellion against humans.
The researcher finds that Madula, Kuncara, and Asanti’s journal article and
this study is similar in terms of the topic, which is discrimination. Even though this
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study and Madula, Kuncara and Asanti’s journal article analyze discrimination,
they have different objects. At the same time, Madula, Kuncara, and Asanti use Rise
of the Planet of the Apes and Dawn of the Planet of the Apes as their objects, this
study uses Zootopia as the object. Madula, Kuncara, and Asanti analyze
discrimination using content analysis approach, and this study uses New Criticism
approach. Madula, Kuncara, and Asanti also examine the racism and the rebellion
in the movies, and this study only analyzes the discrimination that the main
character, Judy Hopps, experienced.
The second study is from Bertha Uli Fransiska Pasaribu (2019) entitled The
Struggles Against Multiple Discrimination in Hidden Figures. Pasaribu discusses
three problem formulations in their undergraduate thesis. The first is figuring out
the characteristics of the main characters of Hidden Figures movie. The second is
finding out what multiple discrimination experienced by the main characters in
Hidden Figures movie. The third and last is finding the struggles against the
multiple discrimination experienced by the main characters in the movie.
Pasaribu uses two theories in her undergraduate thesis. The first is the theory
of character and characterization and black feminism theory. Theory of character
and characterization is used to analyze the struggles against discrimination done by
the main characters in Hidden Figures “The characters in the movie are expressed
through either dialogue or action that is presented in the movie script as a literary
work (2019, p. 17)”. The Black Feminism theory is used to analyze the
discriminations revealed in Hidden Figures movie. In this study, Pasaribu explores
the discrimination using Black Feminism approach. Pasaribu uses Black Feminism
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instead of Feminism theory because Feminism theory only focuses on gender issues
while Black Feminism also focuses on Black women’s everyday life and
experiences.
Pasaribu discusses a movie about African-American women who work at
NASA who experience inequalities during the civil rights movements. The result
from Pasaribu’s undergraduate thesis shows that the main characters in Hidden
Figures do not accept the multiple discriminations and struggle against the multiple
discrimination that happens at their workplace and in their family. As Pasaribu
mentions:
Finally, Hidden Figures script shows that race and gender discriminations
has given a lot of disadvantages from time to time toward women, especially
black women. It is shown that their gender and race automatically decide
their social status (2019, p. 63).
The researcher finds a similarity in terms of the topic of the study since
Pasaribu analyzes the discrimination that the main characters in the movie
experienced. However, in terms of the object, Pasaribu uses Hidden Figures while
the researcher uses Zootopia. Pasaribu also discusses the discrimination that the
main characters of Hidden Figures experienced in the workplace.
The third study is an undergraduate thesis by Spencer Matthew Lambert
(2020) entitled The Struggle Against Discrimination Seen in the Main Characters
of Detroit: Become Human by David Cage. In Lambert’s undergraduate thesis,
there are three problem formulations. The first one is figuring out the characteristics
of the main characters of Detroit: Become Human. The second is finding out what
discrimination that each of the characters experience in Detroit: Become Human.
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The third is finding the struggles against discrimination that the main characters
experienced.
Lambert uses three theories on this undergraduate study. The first is the
theory of character and characterization, the second is discrimination, and the third
is a review of video games. The theory of character and characterization analyzes
the main characters in the game. Discrimination is used to find out the
discrimination that the main characters experienced. Review of video games is used
because Detroit: Become Human is a video game.
Lambert discusses the discrimination that the androids experienced in the
game by using the Sociological Criticism approach. The human in the game uses
the androids as slaves.
The society in the game, the humans always discriminate the androids treat
them as a machine just like any other computer, and some of the androids
become deviant and against the discrimination from the humans and rebel
against them for freedom. Using sociological criticism, the researcher
analyzes the kinds of discrimination experienced by the main characters and
their struggle against it (2020, p. 16).
Lambert concluded that each character struggle against discrimination
differently. There are five different kinds of discrimination that the three main
characters experienced that Lambert discusses in this undergraduate thesis. The first
is domestic discrimination experienced by Kara and Markus. The second is public
discrimination that Markus and Connor experienced. The third is industrial
discrimination that Connor experienced. The fourth is objectification experienced
by Kara. The fifth and last is self-objectification that Connor experienced.
The researcher finds similarities in terms of the topic that being discussed,
which is discrimination. Though, Lambert uses Sociological Criticism approach to
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analyze the discrimination that the main characters in Detroit: Become Human
experiences.
The fourth study is a journal article by Novia Fitriana and Nurdien H.
Kistanto (2013) entitled The Discrimination in the Workplace Experienced by a
Black American in Something the Lord Made Movie. This journal article focuses
on discrimination in the workplace, and it is divided into four analyzes. The first is
the discrimination of the public facilities in the workplace. The second is the
discrimination by the other workers. The third is the discrimination in the job
classification. The fourth is the discrimination from the public.
Fitriana and Kistanto discuss the Something the Lord Made movie about the
discrimination in the workplace that whites did against people of color. The
researchers analyze the intrinsic aspects and the extinsic aspects, using an
exponential approach to analyze the intrinsic and sociological approaches to
analyze the extrinsic elements.
Yet, in this journal, the researcher will analyze the character, setting, and
conflict of the movie which has strong relations with the discrimination in
the workplace experienced by a black American based on Something the
Lord Made movie (2013, p. 2).
In the extrinsic aspect, the theory that Fitriana and Kistanto used is
discrimination. “The discrimination that will be discussed in this journal article is
about the institutional discrimination (2013, p. 3)”. Firtiana and Kistanto discover
that the character Vivien Thomas in the movie is underappreciated by the public
because of the color of his skin.
The discriminations he gets does not make him quit his job. Yet, finally he
quit from his job because his contributions in the research and operation to
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cure the “blue baby syndrome” is not appreciated by Doctor Alfred Blalock,
his partner more than ten years work together.
The situation of Vivien Thomas is similar to Judy Hopps in Zootopia. Both
Vivien Thomas and Judy Hopps are underappreciated in their workplace. However,
in Vivien Thomas’ case, he quit his job because he was underappreciated, which
contrasts to Judy Hopps’ case.
The researcher finds that Fitriana and Kistanto’s journal article and this
present study are similar in terms of the topic: discimination. Though, Fitriana and
Kistanto’s journal article use Something the Lord Made movie as the object of the
study, and use Exponential approach and Sociological approach to analyze the
discrimination in the movie.
B. Review of Related Theories
There are two related theories that the researcher uses in this study. The first is
the theory of characterization. The second is theory of message, and the third is
theory of conflict.
1. Theory of Characterization
The first theory that the researcher uses is the theory of characterization.
The researcher will analyze the characteristic of Judy Hopps in the movie; therefore,
the researcher needs to find the characterization of Judy Hopps in the movie.
Character is an important part of a movie. Characters in a movie do not only include
humans. Characters in a movie can also include animals, robots, or other kinds of
characters other than humans. The author is free to make what character they want
in their story. Kroon and Voltini stated that “A familiar characteristic of works of
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fiction is that they feature fictional characters: individuals whose exploits are
written about in works of fiction and who make their first appearance in a work of
fiction (2018, para. 2)”. Zootopia is an animated movie that has fictional characters
and fictional places.
Fictional characters belong to the class of entities variously known as
fictional entities or fictional objects or ficta, a class that includes not just
animate objects of fiction (fictional persons, animals, monsters, and so on)
but also inanimate objects of fiction such as fictional places (Kroon &
Voltolini, 2018, para. 2).
According to Abrams, characterizing is establishing the distinctive
characters by showing and telling. He explains:
In showing, the author simply presents the characters talking and acting and
leaves the reader to infer the motives and dispositions that lie behind what
they say and do. The author may show not only external speech and actions,
but also a character’s inner thoughts, feelings, and responsiveness to events;
for a highly developed mode of such inner showing. In telling, the author
intervenes authoritatively in order to describe and often to evaluate, the
motives and dispositional qualities of the characters (Abrams, 1999, pp. 33
- 34).
Each character has different physical characteristics, and each character has
different traits that distinguish them from one another. Characteristics also make
each one of them unique and interesting. According to Mikics “Character becomes
associated with type: the person depicted in a character is really just a predictable
bundle of distinguishing traits (2007, p. 54)”.
Eder, Jannidis, and Schneider stated that characterization can be defined as
a process to connect information with a figure in a text to provide a character in the
fictional world with a certain property, or properties, concerning body, mind,
behavior, or relations to the environment (2010, p. 32).
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Characterization is also essential to understand the behavior of the character
in a story. To characterize the character, it needs both the events that occur and the
character’s life. Corbett stated that “Characterization requires a constant back-and-
forth between the exterior events of the story and the inner life of the character
(2013, p. 35)”.
According to Boggs and Petrie, there are eight methods of describing a
character in a film. Characters are analyzed through appearance, dialogue, external
action, internal action, reactions of other characters, through contrast: dramatic
foils, caricature and leitmotif, and through choice of name (2012, pp. 49 - 55).
a. Characterization through Appearance
Actors and actresses are important in a film. They must portray their
characters successfully because audience make assumptions from their facial
features, dress, physical build, and mannerisms and the way they move (2012, p.
50).
b. Characterization through Dialogue
Through dialogue, characters in a fictional film naturally reveal themselves.
Their thoughts, attitudes, and emotions can be revealed through the word choice,
stress, pitch and pause patterns of their speech. The use of grammar, sentence
structure, vocabulary, and particular dialects are used to help the audience
understand the characters’ social and economic level, educational background, and
mental processes (2012, p. 50).
c. Characterization through External Action
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A person’s action is the best reflections of a character. A strong relationship
between a character and their actions is essential. Their actions reflect the quality
of their particular personality (2012, pp. 51 - 52).
d. Characterization through Internal Action
The dimension of human nature is essential to understand a character. Inner
action consists of secret, unspoken thoughts, daydreams, aspirations, memories,
fears, and fantasies. These inner action are crucial to understand the character’s
achievement, and their fears and insecurities (2012, p. 52).
e. Characterization through Reactions of Other Characters
Other characters’ point of view can be used as a characterization.
Sometimes, an information about a character is provided even before the character
appears on the screen (2012, p. 52).
f. Characterization through Contrast: Dramatic Foils
Dramatic foils is one of the most effective methods to describe a character.
The use of foils is contrasting the opposite behavior, attitudes, opinions, lifestyle,
physical appearance, etc., towards the main characters (2012, p. 53).
g. Characterization through Caricature and Leitmotif
Caricature often exaggerates or distort one or more dominant features or
personality traits. Similar to caricature, Leitmotif is the repetition of a single action,
phrase, or idea by a character until it becomes a trademark or theme song for the
characters (2012, p. 54).
h. Characterization through Choice of Name
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The choice of name is important to describe a character’s personality
because the use of name possess appropriate qualities of sound, meaning, or
connotation (2012, p. 54).
2. Theory of Message
The second theory that the researcher used is theory of message. MacKnight
states that it is possible to tell a story or write a play or poem, with the intention of
sending a message or making an argument (2010, para. 6). According to Nordquist,
sending and receiving messages through verbal or nonverbal, including speech, or
oral communication; writing and graphical representations; and signs, signals, and
behavior is the process of a communication. Nordquist also adds communication
can be “the creation and exchange of meaning” (2019, para. 1).
In film, Bordwell distinguishes two types of messages: literal meaning and
symbolic meaning. Literal meaning is divided into two, the first is referential
meaning. Referential meaning is the nature of a film’s fictional world, characters
and story. The second is explicit meaning, which is the conceptual meaning or
“point” that a film is stated directly. Symbolic meaning is synonymous to implicit
meaning. Implicit meaning is the message or meaning in the movie is implied
(1991, p. 8). Zootopia contains one of these types of messages, which is the explicit
meaning. The messages related to the conflict are stated directly in the movie.
3. Theory of Conflict
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The third theory that the researcher used is theory of conflict. According to
DiYanni, Conflict is a struggle between opposing forces in a story or a play that
may occur within a character and between characters, and usually resolved by the
end of the work (2021). Boggs and Petrie stated that conflict is the element that
really captures the audience’s interest, heightens the audience’s experience,
quickens their pulses, and challenges them. They also adds that significant conflicts
have important effects on people and events, and the major conflict bring an
important change in the people involved or in their situation (2012, p. 47).
Boggs and Petrie categorized two different kinds of conflicts: external
conflict and internal conflict. External conflict consists of a personal and individual
struggle between the main character and another character. External conflict can
grow into representative struggle between groups of people, different segments of
society or social institution, or different value systems. External conflict can also
be the main character or characters against nonhuman force or agency, such as fate,
the gods, the forces of nature, or the social system. The second conflict is internal
conflict. Internal conflict focuses on an interior, psychological conflict within the
main character (2012, pp. 48 - 49).
C. Theoretical Framework
In this study, the researcher uses the theory of characterization and theory
of message to answer the problem formulation. The theory of characterization is
used to answer the problem formulation number one, which is how the
characteristics of Judy Hopps portrayed in Zootopia. The theory of characterization
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is important for this study to find and analyze the characteristics of Judy Hopps in
the movie script and the movie. The theory of message is important to answer the
problem formulation number three, which is the messages related to the conflict in
Zootopia. It is important because the theory of message is used to understand the
underlying meaning behind the movie.
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CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
A. Object of the Study
Zootopia is an animated movie produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios
and distributed by Walt Disney Pictures. The movie is directed by Byron Howard,
Rich Moore, and Jared Bush. The story is written by Byron Howard, Rich Moore,
Jared Bush, Jim Reardon, Josie Trinidad, Phil Johnston, and Jennifer Lee, but the
screenplay is written by Jared Bush and Phil Johnston (Zootopia - IMDb, 2016).
Zootopia was released on March 4, 2016. The movie won several significant
awards in 2016 and 2017, such as Animation of the Year at the 20th Hollywood
Film Awards, Best Animated Feature Film of the Year at the 89th Academy Awards,
Best Motion Picture – Animated at the 74th Golden Globe Awards, Movie of the
Year at the American Film Institute Awards 2017, and won 6 awards at the 44th
Annual Annie Awards. Zootopia is also nominated for Best Animated Feature Film
at the 70th British Academy Film Awards, and 3 categories at the 43rd People’s
Choice Awards (Zootopia - Awards - IMDb, 2016).
Zootopia movie and script is about Judy Hopps, the first rabbit police
officer, who had to work hard to prove that she is capable of being a police officer.
Becoming a police officer has been Judy’s dream since she was young because she
wanted to make the world a better place. After successfully graduating from the
police academy, she started working at the 1st precinct in Zootopia, leaving her
hometown, Bunnyburrow and her family. Her captain, Chief Bogo, an African
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Buffalo, gave her the parking duty on her first day, not caring that Judy graduated
as the top student in the academy because she is a rabbit. Judy, who determined to
prove herself to Chief Bogo, take the opportunity to solve one of the missing animal
cases. With the help of a red fox, Nick Wilder, they solve the missing mammal case
in Zootopia. The story on Zootopia revolves around Judy’s experience facing
external conflict between her and other characters in the movie.
B. Approach of the Study
From the issue, which appears in the movie, the researcher uses New
Criticism approach to analyze Zootopia movie script by Jared Bush and Phil
Johnston. This approach is used to find the answer from the problem formulation.
New Criticism is the most suitable approach for this study because New Criticism
only focuses on the story.
According to Abrams, New Criticism is popularized by John Crowe
Ransom in his book The New Criticism in 1941 (1999, p. 180). According to
Martin, New Criticism focuses on the issue of meaning and the issue of form (1998,
p. 83). Martin also states that:
Twentieth-century New Criticism has attempted closer and more specific
accounts of the way in which form contributes to meaning, and in which
particular constellations of meaning are a specific result of particular
handlings of form (Martin, 1998, p. 85).
Abrams mentions four common basic concepts of New Criticism. The first
is, in analyzing a particular work, they avoid connecting the work to the author’s
biographical background, historical background during the work is produced, or to
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the reader’s psychological and moral effects (1999, p. 181). The second is New
Criticism’s principles are verbal.
Literature is conceived to be a special kind of language whose attributes are
defined by systematic opposition to the language of science and of practical
and logical discourse, and the explicative procedure is to analyze the
meanings and interactions of words, figures of speech, and symbols
(Abrams, 1999, p. 81).
The third is, the procedure of a New Criticism is explication or close
reading, “The detailed analysis of the complex interrelations and ambiguities
(multiple meanings) of the verbal and figurative components within a work (1999,
p. 81)”. The fourth is the distinction between literary genres.
The form of a work, whether or not it has characters and plot, is said to be
primarily a “structure of meanings,” which evolve into an integral and
freestanding unity mainly through a play and counterplay of “thematic
imagery” and “symbolic action.” (Abrams, 1999, pp. 181 - 182).
The researcher finds out New Criticism is the most suitable approach of the
study because New Criticism only focuses on the literary work in order to make an
analysis of the movie script. The objective of this research is about how the main
character in Zootopia, Judy Hopps, experienced external conflict. New Criticism
helps to analyze the messages related to the conflict that Judy Hopps experienced
in Zootopia.
C. Method of the Study
The method of the study that the researcher uses to analyze the problem
formulation is library research. The data that the researcher found were taken from
books, journals, e-books, and articles. The primary source of the study is a movie
script of Zootopia movie written by Jared Bush and Phil Johnston. The secondary
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sources are taken from books, journals, e-books, and articles. Some of the
secondary sources used by the researcher are A Glossary of Literary Terms by M.
H. Abrams (1999), Discrimination and Disrespect by Benjamin Eidelson (2015), A
Handbook to Literary Research by Simon Eliot and W. R. Owens (1998), A New
Handbook of Literary Terms by David Mikics (2007), Making Meaning: Inference
and Rhetoric in the Interpretation of Cinema by David Bordwell (1991), The Art of
Watching Films by Joseph Boggs and Dennis Petrie (2012), The Concept of
Discrimination Nowadays by Ildikó Laki (2015), and Theory of Literature by Rene
Wellek and Austin Warren (1956).
In order to analyze this study, there are several steps used by the researcher.
The first step is, the researcher watched Zootopia movie and read Zootopia movie
script several times. This step is used by the researcher to understand the plot, the
characters in the movie, and the setting. The second step is the researcher
determined the problem formulation and collected some theories to support this
study: theory of characterization, theory of message, and theory of conflict. The
third step is the researcher found references related to this study such as books,
journals, e-books, and similar articles. The next step is the researcher determined
the appropriate approach for this study. New Criticism is chosen as the approach of
this study. The fifth step is the researcher analyzed the study by answering the
problem formulation one by one using the theories that the researcher found. The
last step is the researcher concluded this study based on the result of the analysis.
The researcher revealed the messages related to the conflict in Zootopia.
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CHAPTER IV
ANALYSIS
This chapter consists of three parts of the discussion from the problem
formulations in Chapter I. The first part is to discuss Judy Hopps’ characteristics
throughout the movie. The second part is to discuss Judy Hopps’ experiences with
practices of discrimination in Zootopia. The third part is to discuss the messages
related to discrimination in Zootopia.
A. The Characteristics of Judy Hopps in Zootopia
In analyzing the main character, Judy Hopps, the researcher uses Boggs and
Pietre’s theory of characterization provided in chapter II. There are eight methods
of describing a character in a film. Characters are analyzed through appearance,
dialogue, external action, internal action, reactions of other characters, through
contrast: dramatic foils, caricature and leitmotif, and through choice of name. The
researcher used Judy’s dialogues, external action, and internal action.
1. Brave
In Zootopia movie script, Judy is depicted as brave. Judy’s bravery is
portrayed through her dialogue. The researcher used Boggs and Pietre’s theory of
characterization through dialogue to help find out Judy’s bravery. When Judy was
still a child, she defended her friends, who are sheep and a rabbit, from Gideon
Grey, a red fox. In Zootopia, rabbits and sheep are seen as weaker because they are
prey animals, and a fox is seen as stronger because a fox is a predator animal.
Although a rabbit is seen as weaker than a fox, Judy still helps her friends when
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she sees Gideon bully them into giving their tickets for him.
YOUNG JUDY. Hey! [Judy charges toward the danger.]
YOUNG JUDY. Cut it out. [Gideon turns. There’s Judy, projecting the
image of a tiny Clint Eastwood.]
GIDEON GREY. Nice costume, loser. What crazy world are you living in
where you think a bunny could be a cop?
YOUNG JUDY. Kindly return my friends’ tickets. [Gideon pats the tickets
in his pocket.]
GIDEON GREY. Come and get ‘em…. But watch out, ‘cause I’m a fox—
and like you said in your dumb little stage play, us predators used to eat
prey. And that killer instinct’s still ini our Dunnahh.
TRAVIS THE WOLF HENCHMAN KID. [sotto, to Gideon.] Uh, I’m
pretty much sure it’s pronounced D-N-A.
GIDEON GREY. Don’t tell me what I know, Travis.
YOUNG JUDY. You don’t scare me, Gideon.
(Bush & Johnston, 2016, pp. 5 - 6)
From the script above, it shows that Judy is brave. Even though Gideon tries
to intimidate Judy by mentioning their nature as predator and prey animals, Judy is
still not afraid of Gideon, and she tries to make him return her friends’ tickets. Judy
said it herself that Gideon did not scare her.
2. Smart
As a rabbit, Judy is depicted as smart. Her smartness can be seen in various
events in the script through her dialogues and external actions. The first evidence
can be seen during her time as cadets at the Zootopia Police Academy. The City of
Zootopia has 12 ecosystems, and all of the cadets have to pass all the simulation
tests before they can graduate. Most of the cadets at the academy are big animals,
such as elephants, wolves, polar bears, and lions. Judy is the only rabbit and she is
the smallest cadet at the academy. Judy always fails when she was on the test
simulations. Major Friedkin, a polar bear, the instructor at the academy, always
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yelled at her that she is dead and calling her names when Judy fails the test. Until
one day, Judy decided to study hard.
[Overnight, in the barracks: Hopps stays up late studying, doing sit ups.]
[On the ice wall: Hopps bounds up the wall, jumps off of the backs of the
big animals and makes it over, impressing the Major Friedkin.]
[In the ring: Hopps dodges a few swings. The Bison misses. Hopps bounds
over him and uses his momentum—kicking his other hand into his face,
knocking him down.]
(Bush & Johnston, 2016, pp. 8 - 10)
The script above shows Judy’s external action after Major Friedkin
underestimated her. Judy used that as a motivation for her to work harder to pass
the test. It is proven that Judy is a smart rabbit. After studying harder every night,
Judy managed to use her tiny body to her advantage to pass the simulation test. Judy
graduated as a valedictorian and became the first rabbit officer.
After Judy got her first job in Zootopia, she protested to Chief Bogo about
her first task as a meter maid. Judy offered to over Mrs. Otterton to find her missing
husband. Chief Bogo gave her 48 hours to find him. When she asked Clawhauser,
a cheetah who was at the front desk, the file about the missing otter, there was only
one piece of paper inside with a photo of where Mr. Otterton’s last seen before he
went missing. Using the only evidence inside the file, Judy tries to find any clue
from the photo of Mr. Otterton on the street. Judy borrowed a soda bottle from
Clawhauser and used it to enlarge the picture. Judy sees that Mr. Otterton is holding
a PAWPSICLE.
HOPPS. Can I just borrow—[grabbing soda bottle] Thank you.
[Hopps uses Clawhauser’s bottle to enlarge the picture. She sees Mr.
Otterton holding PAWPSICLE.]
HOPPS. Pawpsicle.
CLAWHAUSER. The murder weapon!
HOPPS. Get your pawpsicle…
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CLAWHAUSER. Yeah, ‘cause that... What does that mean?
HOPPS. It means I… have a lead.
(Bush & Johnston, 2016, pp. 38 - 39)
From the script above shows Judy using the only evidence to find the first
clue on Mr. Otterton. It shows how smart she is from how she tries to find a lead
from the only picture of where Mr. Otterton was last seen, which is on the street
while holding a PAWPSICLE, and she happened to know who made the
PAWPSICLE.
After Judy finds out her first lead, the PAWPSICLE, she begins searching
for Nick, the fox-con who sells the PAWPSICLE. Judy found him on the street,
pushing a baby stroller and asked him about Mr. Otterton, but Nick did not want to
cooperate with her. Judy then tries to arrest Nick and uses her calculation to prove
that Nick is committing a crime by not paying his taxes, but Nick underestimates
Judy, saying that it is Judy’s words against her.
HOPPS. Yeah. 200 dollars a day… 365 days a year… since you were 12,
that’s two decades, so times twenty… [calculating] … which is one million
four-hundred sixty thousand-- I think, I mean I am just a dumb bunny, but
we are good at multiplying—anyway, according to your tax forms…
[presenting the forms] … you reported let me see here: zero. Unfortunately,
lying on a federal form is a punishable offense. Five years jail time.
NICK. Well, it’s my word against yours.
[Hopps clicks a button on her CARROT PEN, which SPEAKS!]
NICK. “200 bucks a day, fluff. 365 days a year, since I was 12.”
HOPPS. Actually, it’s your word against yours. And if you want this pen,
you’re going to help me find this poor missing otter or the only place you’ll
be selling popsicles is the prison cafeteria. [dramatic smirk] It’s called a
hustle, sweetheart.
[Nick is utterly speechless.]
(Bush & Johnston, 2016, pp. 40 - 41)
The conversation above shows how smart Judy is in mathematics. She
mentions that a rabbit is good at multiplying. Judy uses her carrot pen to record
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Nick’s words and uses it as leverage so that Nick will help her find Mr. Otterton
because Mr. Otterton was last seen buying Nick’s PAWPSICLE.
Judy comes back home to Bunnyburrow after successfully finding the 14
missing mammals, and Bellwether, a sheep, becomes the new Mayor of Zootopia
because Mayor Lionheart, a lion, was arrested for hiding the mammals. Her
relationship with Nick is also strained after Judy says that at a press conference that
predator animals going savage is in their DNA. Judy met Gideon Grey again when
she was working at her parents’ shop, and Gideon mentioned night howlers that
grew near their crops, made predator animals and even a rabbit go savage.
When Judy realized that night howlers are not wolves but they are flowers,
Judy drives back to Zootopia to find Nick. Judy and Nick find someone named
Doug, who is the one who grows the night howlers at a subway station and makes
the serum. They steal the train and run to the Natural History Museum with the
stolen evidence from the train. Judy realized that Bellwether was the one behind the
night howlers and the predators going savage to frame them. Bellwether took the
dart gun that Judy and Nick stole from the train, aiming it at Nick. Bellwether
thought she shot Nick with the serum but Judy switched it with the blueberries from
Judy’s farm that Nick found inside his pocket.
HOPPS. So that’s it, prey fears predator, and you stay in power?
BELLWETHER. Yeah, pretty much.
HOPPS. It won’t work.
BELLWETHER. Fear always works. And I’ll dart every predator in
Zootopia to keep it that way.
HOPPS. [as Nick stalks her] Oh, Nick! No!
BELLWETHER. Bye-Bye, Bunny.
[Nick lunges. He attacks. Hopps screams. Bellwether smiles.]
HOPPS. Blood, blood, blood! And death!
[Bellwether looks confused. Nick stands up.]
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NICK. All right, you’re milking it. Besides, I think we got it, I think we got
it. We got it up there, thank you yakkety-yak-- you laid it all out beautifully.
BELLWETHER. What?
[Bellwether looks at her gun, in disbelief.]
NICK. Yea, oh, are you looking for the serum? [holds it up] Well, it’s right
here.
HOPPS. What you’ve got in the weapon there-- those are blueberries. From
my family’s farm.
(Bush & Johnston, 2016, pp. 104 - 105)
The conversation above shows how Judy is smart for realizing that
Bellwether is behind the animals turning savage when Bellwether insisted on taking
the evidence from her. Judy changes the serum with the blueberries because it looks
similar, and again, Judy uses her carrot pen to record Bellwether’s words to use it
against her.
From the evidences above, it can be concluded that Judy is smart. Judy’s
smartness is portrayed from her external actions and dialogues. She uses her
smartness to find the missing otter, but she found all of the missing animals. In the
end, Judy finds out that all of the animals going savage is not in their DNA, but
Bellwether sets them up to turn the predator animals’ images bad in the eye of the
public.
3. Hard-working
Judy is also portrayed as hard-working in Zootopia movie script. The
evidence can be seen through her external actions. The first evidence is when she
was given her first assignment as a police officer by Chief Bogo. Chief Bogo told
her to write one hundred tickets in one day instead of the missing mammal cases.
Judy wanted to prove that she deserved to be a police officer said that she would
write two hundred tickets instead of one hundred tickets.
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[He goes, slamming the door behind him. Judy stomps her foot.]
HOPPS. 100 tickets…? I’m not gonna write 100 tickets… I’m gonna write
200 tickets! (then, to the closed door) Before noon!
[Int. / Ext. Meter maid cart – Day: Hopps dons a vest, buckles her seat belt,
floors the pedal and… takes off at 2 miles an hour. Which leads to a]
[Parking meter montage --: Hopps zooms past a row of cars, marking their
tires. Cruising the streets, her super-sensitive ears hear a meter ding. She
slams her brakes-- then proudly issues Ticket #1.]
[Ding! Another meter goes off. Then another. And another. She’s on a roll.
She looks down at her counter. It’s at 200.]
HOPPS. Boom! 200 tickets before noon.
(Bush & Johnston, 2016, pp. 19 - 20)
From Judy’s external action, writing two hundred tickets instead of one
hundred tickets shows that she is hard-working. Chief Bogo, who does not like Judy
because she is a rabbit, gives her an assignment as a meter maid instead of giving
her the same job as her colleagues. Judy uses that as a motivation to work hard to
prove that she deserved to be a police officer.
After agreeing to help Mrs. Otterton to find her husband, Mr. Otterton, Chief
Bogo gives her 48 hours to find him, and if in 48 hours she could not find Mr.
Otterton, Judy has to resign from her job as a police officer. She seeks Nick’s help
to find Mr. Otterton because Mr. Otterton was last seen, holding a PAWPSICLE
that Nick sells. Nick tries to slow her down from solving the case by taking her to
the Department of Mammal Vehicles, where they only have sloth as their staff. Nick
distracts Flash, a sloth that serves them, from running a plate number from the car
that they found, and this caused them to lose a few hours waiting for Flash to finish
his job because sloths are known for their slow movement. When Judy and Nick
are out from the Department of Mammal Vehicles, it is already nighttime. Judy and
Nick found the car that took Mr. Otterton at Tundratown Limo Service.
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[Int. DMV – Later: A slow DOT-MATRIX printer spits out the address for
CAR LICENSE PLATE NUMBER: 29THD03.]
FLASH. Here…
HOPPS. Yeah, yeah, yeah… thank you!
FLASH. You… go.
HOPPS. [frantically reads] 29THD03-- it’s registered to… Tundratown
Limo Service? A limo took Otterton, and the limo’s in Tundratown-- it’s in
Tundratown!
NICK. Way to hustle, bud. I love ya. I owe ya.
HOPPS. Hurry, we gotta beat the rush hour and--
[Ext. DMV – Continuous: They go outside. It’s night.]
HOPPS. IT’S NIGHT?!
[Ext. Snowy lot – Moments later: Nick and Hopps reach LEGITIMATE
ENTERPRISE CAR SERVICE. Hopps tries to open the lock.]
(Bush & Johnston, 2016, p. 50)
Judy’s action above, not stopping her from going to Tundratown even after
it is already nighttime because she only has 48 hours to find Mr Ottertown, shows
that she is a hard-working police officer. Even if the car service is already closed
and Nick wants to stop the investigation, that did not stop Judy from finding more
clues. She jumps the fence to find the car.
[Ext. Parking lot – Moments later: Hopps wipes snow off a back bumper:
LICENSE PLATE 20THD03.]
HOPPS. 29THD03… this is it.
(Bush & Johnston, 2016, p. 52)
Inside the car, Judy begins searching for clues from inside the limo that took
Mr. Otterton. Judy and Nick found the CLAW MARKS covering the back seat of
the limo. Nick knows the owner of the limo and asked them to leave the car.
The evidence above shows how Judy is a hard-working rabbit through her
external action. She uses what Chief Bogo gives her as a motivation to work hard
to reach her goal. She uses her first assignment to finish her job before noon and
uses her deal with Chief Bogo to find Mr. Otterton in 48 hours.
4. Kind
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32
In Zootopia movie script, Judy is also portrayed as kind. Her kindness can
be seen in her external action. Judy shows kindness by helping others that need help
without thinking about who they are. Judy shows her kindness to Nick, a fox who
is also a con artist, a mouse about to get hit with a giant donut, and Mrs. Otterton.
After Judy finishes writing 200 tickets on her first day, Judy notices a fox
entering an ice cream parlour owned by an elephant across the street from where
she is. She sees Nick is trying to buy his partner, Finnick, who is disguised as Nick’s
son, an ice cream. Judy, who does not know yet that Nick is a con artist, decides to
help him and buy them ice cream. The ice cream parlour did not want to serve Nick
because he is not an elephant. Judy helped them so that the server would serve Nick
and Finnick by pointing out that they are not hygienic when serving their customers.
HOPPS. Well, I don’t wanna cause you any trouble, but I believe scooping
ice cream with an un-gloved trunk is a Class 3 Health Code Violation…
[A guilty EMPLOYEE releases a scoop from their trunk.]
HOPPS. …Which is kind of a big deal. Of course-- I could let you off with
a warning if you were to glove those trunks and, I don’t know, finish selling
this nice dad and his son a… what was it?
NICK. A Jumbo Pop. Please.
HOPPS. A Jumbo Pop.
JERRY JUMBEAUX, JR. [stews for a beat, then] Fifteen dollars.
NICK. Thank you so much. [to Hopps] Thank you. [then digs for wallet]
Oh no, are you kidding me? I’d lose my head if it weren’t attached to my
neck, that’s the truth. Oh boy, I’m sorry pal. Gotta be about the worst
birthday ever. Please don’t be mad at me. [kisses him, to Hopps] Thanks
anyway.
[He turns to go. Hopps slaps some money on the counter.]
HOPPS. Keep the change.
(Bush & Johnston, 2016, pp. 22 - 23)
The conversation above shows how kind Judy is despite her past encounter
with a fox in the past. She sees how Nick wants to buy ice cream for Finnick, who
poses as his fake son and acted out of kindness to get them the ice cream that Jerry
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33
Jumbeaux, Jr. refused to sell them. When Nick forgets to bring his wallet, Hopps
jumped in and paid for the ice cream for him and Finnick.
On her second day as a meter maid, a weasel robs from a pig’s flower shop.
Judy, who happens to be stopping in front of the shop, did not see a weasel running
past her cart. The owner of the shop asks her to run after the weasel. Judy follows
the weasel to Little Rodentia, where shops for small animals are located. The weasel
uses a donut to distract Judy. Judy, who noticed a mouse crossing the street, saved
her.
[The Weasel throws an ornamental donut at Hopps.]
DUKE WEASELTON. Have a donut, coppah!
[But the donut misses and rolls towards some SHREWS coming out of
“Mousies.”]
FRU FRU SHEW. Ohmygawd, did you see those leopard print jeggings?
(sees the donut about to kill her) Aaaaaaaaaaaagh!
[But at the last second… Hopps stops it! Deep breath…]
HOPPS. I love your hair.
FRU FRU SHREW. Aw… thank you.
(Bush & Johnston, 2016, p. 33)
Judy’s action above shows how Judy shows an act of kindness even in the
middle of doing her job, chasing a criminal. Judy saves a mouse from getting hit by
a donut and compliments her. Complimenting someone’s appearance is a simple
act of kindness but can lift someone’s mood.
The following evidence is when Judy wants to help to find Mr. Otterton.
Upon hearing how desperate Mrs. Otterton is, begging for Chief Bogo to find her
missing husband, Judy offers her service to find Mr. Otterton.
[Mrs. Otterton reveals her own sweet little photo of Emmitt with her and the
family.]
BOGO. Ma’am, our detectives are very busy.
MRS OTTERTON. Please. There’s got to be somebody to find my Em.
BOGO. Mrs. Otterton--
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34
HOPPS. I will find him.
[Mrs. Otterton races over to Hopps and gives her a big hug of relief. Bogo
looks to Hopps, ready to explode.]
MRS. OTTERTON. Oh, thank you! Bless you, bless you little bunny!
[hands picture of family] Take this. Find my Emmitt. Bring him home to me
and my babies. Please?
(Bush & Johnston, 2016, pp. 35 - 36)
From the conversation above, through Judy’s external action, she shows her
kindness to Mrs. Otterton by offering her service to find Mr. Otterton. Another
proof that Judy is a kind rabbit. The evidences above show that Judy is portrayed
as kind in Zootopia movie script.
5. Ambitious
In Zootopia movie script, Judy is portrayed as ambitious. Her ambitiousness
can be seen through her external action. Since Judy was still young, she had always
wanted to be a police officer. She showed her dream during a play performance
with her friends, where she performed that prey and predator can live in harmony.
[The Jaguar rips off his muumuu. He’s dressed in a suit.]
ACTUARY. Today I can hunt for tax exemptions. I’m gonna be an actuary!
YOUNG JUDY. And I can make the world a better place! I am going to
be…
[Catmull plays a 70s-style cop show theme on the boom box. Judy rips off
her muumuu, revealing a POLICE OFFICER UNIFORM.]
YOUNG JUDY. A police officer!
(Bush & Johnston, 2016, pp. 2 - 3)
Judy’s excitement to become a police officer proves that she has dreamed
of becoming a police officer since she was young because she wanted to make the
world a better place. Fifteen years later, when Judy has grown, she attended the
Zootopia Police Academy. After Judy receives many negative criticisms from
Major Friedkin, the instructor, and having a flashback that shows everyone saying
that a rabbit could not be a police officer, she works hard to finally graduate.
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35
[Overnight, in the barracks: Hopps stays up late studying, doing sit ups.]
[On the ice wall: Hopps bounds up the wall, jumps off of the backs of the
big animals and makes it over, impressing the Major Friedkin.]
[In the ring: Hopps dodges a few swings. The Bison misses. Hopps bounds
over him and uses his momentum—kicking his other hand into his face,
knocking him down.]
(Bush & Johnston, 2016, pp. 8 - 10)
This evidence shows Judy’s action as ambitious because she wants to make
her dream of making the world a better place come true. She has dreamed of
becoming a police officer since she was young, and when Judy was older, she
finally attended the police academy. This shows that her dream of becoming a
police officer never change, and she works hard to make her dream come true.
6. Confident
Judy is portrayed as confident in Zootopia movie script. Her confidence is
shown through her dialogues. When Judy helped her friends, a rabbit and sheep,
from getting bullied by Gideon Grey, Gideon tried to scare her and shoved Judy to
the ground. Gideon pushed Judy to the ground and assaulted her, saying that Judy
does not know when to quit.
GIDEON GREY. Oh, you don’t know when to quit, do ya?
[He unsheathes his claws like a switchblade, then slaps her, drawing blood
from her cheek. She cowers, as do her scared friends behind the tree.]
GIDEON GREY. I want you to remember this moment—the next time you
think you will ever be anything more than just a stupid, carrot farming dumb
bunny.
[Gideon and his pal head off, laughing and high-fiving. The prey animals
run back over to Judy, who wipes the blood from her cheek. She fights tears,
defeated.]
GARETH THE DOUBTING SHEEP BOY. That looks bad.
SHARLA. Are you okay, Judy?
YOUNG JUDY. Yeah… Yeah, I’m okay.
[Judy smiles and then whips out the tickets as she gets up.]
YOUNG JUDY. Here you go.
SHARLA. Wow! You got our tickets!
GARETH THE DOUBTING SHEEP BOY. You’re awesome, Judy!
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36
SHARLA. Yeah! That Gideon Grey doesn’t know what he’s talkin’ ‘bout.
YOUNG JUDY. Well, he was right about one thing…
[Judy picks up the cop hat, puts it on her head.]
YOUNG JUDY. I don’t know when to quit.
(Bush & Johnston, 2016, pp. 7 - 8)
The action above shows that Judy is a confident person. She never let her
encounter with Gideon to scare her. She uses that to prove to herself that she does
not know when to quit. Later, Judy joins the police academy, graduating as a
valedictorian, finds the 14 missing mammals, and finds the person behind the
animals going savage.
B. The Conflict Experienced by Judy Hopps in Zootopia
In Zootopia movie and script, the main character, Judy Hopps experienced
external conflict. According to the theory of conflict by Boggs and Petrie, external
conflict consists of a personal and individual struggle between the main character
and another character. The external conflicts that Judy experienced are
discrimination done by the people around her, and prey animals’ fear of predators.
Judy is a female rabbit who had a dream to become a police officer when she was
young because she wanted to make the world a better place. Fifteen years later,
Judy attended the police academy, where her trainer always put her down when she
failed a test just because she was a rabbit. Judy graduated as a valedictorian and got
a job at the 1st precinct in the city of Zootopia, where 90 percent of its inhabitants
are prey and 10 percent are predators. Since Judy was young, her dream of
becoming a police officer caused her parents to worry. When she moved to
Zootopia, her father gave her several tools for her protection. Judy is well known
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
37
as the first rabbit who becomes a police officer. When she began working at the
precinct, she was mistreated by her Chief because of who she is. In this part of the
discussion, the researcher discusses the external conflict experienced by Judy in
Zootopia movie script.
1. Discrimination
The first external conflict that Judy experienced is discrimination.
According to Laki, there are two different forms of discriminations: direct
discrimination and indirect discrimination (2015, p. 189).
a. Direct Discrimination
Direct discrimination is an act of discrimination to a person or group based
on a real or assumed situation and character or feature. In Zootopia, rabbit is seen
as weaker because it is included in the category of prey animals. A prey animal is
weaker than a predator animal. This caused prey animals to be afraid of predator
animals despite the population of prey animal is higher than predator animal in the
city of Zootopia.
Judy is a rabbit from Bunnyburrow, therefore, Judy is considered weak in
the Zootopia movie script. There has never been a rabbit police officer before
because all police officers are mostly predators and big animals such as wolves,
polar bears, elephants, and rhinos. Judy has dreamed of becoming a police officer
since she was young. It was proven when she and her friends presented a play about
prey animal and predator animal living together in harmony. During the play, her
parents were stunned when they heard that Judy wanted to be a police officer. Later
that day, after the play, Judy, still dressed as a police officer, witnessed Gideon
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
38
Grey, a fox, harassed her friends at the fair. Gideon also made fun of Judy when
Judy tried to help her friends.
YOUNG JUDY. Hey!
[Judy charges toward the danger.]
YOUNG JUDY. You heard her. Cut it out.
[Gideon turns. There’s Judy, projecting the image of a tiny Clint Eastwood.]
GIDEON GREY. Nice costume, loser. What crazy world are you living in
where you think a bunny could be a cop?
YOUNG JUDY. Kindly return my friends’ tickets.
[Gideon pats the tickets in his pocket.]
GIDEON GREY. Come and get ‘em…. But watch out, ‘cause I’m a fox—
and like you said in your dumb little stage play, us predators used to eat
prey. And that killer instinct’s still in our Dunnahh.
(Bush & Johnston, 2016, pp. 5 - 6)
The conversation above proves that Judy experiences direct discrimination.
Gideon insulted Judy, asking what world she lives in where a bunny could be a cop.
He mentioned that a fox is a predator, and killing is in the predators’ DNA to
frighten Judy.
GIDEON GREY. Oh, you don’t know when to quit, do ya?
[He unsheathes his claws like switchblade, then slaps her, drawing blood
from her cheek. She cowers, as do her scared friends behind the tree.]
GIDEON GREY. I want you to remember this moment—the next time you
think you will ever be anything more than just a stupid, carrot farming dumb
bunny.
(Bush & Johnston, 2016, p. 7)
From the script above proves that Gideon discriminated against her because
of who she is. Gideon wanted to traumatize Judy by harassing her, using violence
to threatened Judy, and he also called Judy a stupid, carrot farming dumb bunny.
Due to one of her traits is ambitious as described in the first part, Judy did not let
that to stop her from achieving her dreams of becoming a police officer.
Fifteen years later, Judy attended the Zootopia Police Academy to become
a police officer. Judy experienced direct discrimination at the academy because she
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39
was the only rabbit and the smallest cadet who attended the academy. Most of the
cadets were elephants, wolves, polar bears, and lions. During the beginning of
training, Judy always failed on the simulation test. She struggled when she went
through the simulators because the simulators were built for big animals. Every
time she failed during the simulation test, Major Friedkin always called her names
because she is different than the other cadets. Major Friedkin called her bunny
bumpkin, carrot face, and farm girl. Major Friedkin also told her that Judy is dead
when she failed the test.
MAJOR FRIEDKIN. Frigid ice wall. You’re dead, farm girl!
IN THE BOXING RING: [Hopps gets in the ring with a BIG BISON.]
MAJOR FRIEDKIN. E-normous criminal. [Hopps gets punched in the
nose.]
MAJOR FRIEDKIN. You’re dead!
THREE QUICK CUTS OF FAILURE:
MAJOR FRIEDKIN. Dead! / Dead! / Dead!
IN THE TOILET: [Hopps ruses into a stall. The toilet is considerably
larger than she is. She suts the door. We see her climb up the toilet. In the
next stall, we see the feet of a Hippo. Then, KERSPLASH! Hopps falls into
the toilet.]
MAJOR FRIEDKIN. Filthy toilet. You’re dead, fluff butt!
(Bush & Johnston, 2016, pp. 8 - 9)
After graduating from the police academy as a valedictorian, Judy also
experienced discrimination on her first day as a police officer at the precinct one in
the city of Zootopia. Chief Bogo deliberately gave her a job as a meter maid,
underestimating her because Judy is a rabbit, while her colleagues got the missing
mammal cases. Chief Bogo did not even care that Judy graduated as a valedictorian
because he still saw her as a weak animal.
BOGO. …We have 14 missing mammal cases. All predators, from a giant
polar bear, to a teensy little otter. And City Hall is right up my tail to find
them. This is priority number one. Assignments!
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[HIGGINS hands Bogo a stack of CASE FILES. Bogo puts on his reading
glasses, examining the files as he assigns cases.]
BOGO. Officers Grizzoli, Fangmayer, Delgato—your teams take Missing
Mammals from the Rainforest District. Officers McHorn, Rhinowitz,
Wolfard, your teams take Sahara Square. Officers Higgins, Snarlov,
Trunkaby: Tundratown. And finally, our first bunny, Officer Hopps.
[Hopps sits up, expectant but steely. Bogo looks at the final case file in his
hand. He takes a dramatic breath, then:]
BOGO. Parking Duty. Dismissed!
HOPPS. Parking duty? [runs after Bogo] Uh, Chief, Chief Bogo?
[Bogo looks around… then down to find Hopps.]
HOPPS. Sir, you said there were 14 missing mammal cases?
BOGO. So?
HOPPS. So I can handle one. You can probably forgot, but I was top of my
class at the academy.
BOGO. Didn’t forget. Just don’t care.
(Bush & Johnston, 2016, pp. 18 - 19)
The conversation above shows that Judy experienced direct discrimination
done by the people around her, but due to her characteristic traits described in the
first part, Judy did not give up easily, and worked hard to prove that she is capable
of handling her job just like her colleagues. The first is by one of her friends, a fox
named Gideon Grey, the second is by her instructor at the police academy, and also
by Chief Bogo at the precinct in the city of Zootopia.
b. Indirect Discrimination
Indirect discrimination is a discrimination treatment to puts certain persons
or groups in a worse situation. In the beginning, indirect discrimination follows the
requirements of equal treatment. In Zootopia, Judy also experienced this type of
discrimination. The first evidence is during her play performance at the fair, Judy
and her friends delivered a performance about predator and prey animals living in
harmony. Judy dressed up as a police officer at the play because it was her dream.
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41
Gideon Grey, a fox, who was in the audience snickered when he watched the play,
hearing that Judy wanted to be a police officer.
YOUNG JUDY. A police officer!
[Judy’s parents, BONNIE & STU, look stunned. A mean fox kid, GIDEON
GREY, snickers. He’s sitting next to a WEASEL KID.]
GIDEON GREY. Bunny cop. That is the most stupidest thing I ever heard.
YOUNG JUDY. It may seem impossible to small minds—(points at
Gideon) I’m looking at you Gideon Grey.
(Bush & Johnston, 2016, p. 3)
The conversation above shows Gideon stating that a bunny cop is the most
stupidest thing he ever heard because there were no bunny cops before. Even though
Gideon called her stupid, Judy said that it could happen and called him out. Judy
wanted to prove him wrong. One of Judy’s characteristics is ambitious. Judy did
not let Gideon’s words affected her. She proved him wrong fifteen years later when
she graduated the Zootopia Police Academy.
After Judy received the file about Mr. Otterton, she discovered that Mr.
Otterton bought Nick’s PAWPSICLE before he went missing. Judy found Nick and
blackmailed him into helping her using a recorded voice note about Nick not paying
his taxes. Afraid that he would get arrested for not paying taxes, Nick helped her
find out where Mr. Otterton was taken. He took her to the DMV, the “Department
of Mammal Vehicles” to find the car that took Mr. Otterton. They both argued
outside the DMV because Nick purposely made them waste the day by distracting
Flash, a sloth who worked at the DMV. When Judy pointed out that Mr. Otterton
was missing, Nick told her that the precinct should let a real cop find the missing
otter.
HOPPS. You wasted the day on purpose.
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42
NICK. Madam, I have a fake badge. I would never impede your pretend
investigation.
HOPPS. It’s not a pretend investigation! Look, see—[showing picture of
Otterton] See him? This otter is missing.
NICK. Well then they should have gotten a real cop to find him.
HOPPS. What is your problem? Does seeing me fail somehow make you
feel better about your own sad, miserable life?
(Bush & Johnston, 2016, p. 51)
The conversation above shows that Nick is telling Judy to let a real cop find
Mr. Otterton instead of Judy. This evidence shows that Judy also experienced
indirect discrimination. Nick treated Judy equally the first time, but when Judy got
annoyed at him, Nick implied that Judy is not a real cop because of who she is.
Even though Nick said that they should have gotten a real cop, Judy did not want
to listen to him and brought him to Tundratown to find the car. This is because one
of Judy’s characteristic traits is hard-working.
2. Fear of Predator Animals
The second external conflict that Judy experienced in Zootopia is the fear
of predator animals. During her play performance in the beginning of the movie,
Judy mentioned that there are two kinds of animals, which are vicious predator and
meek prey. After the play performance, at the fair, Judy saw her friends, a group of
prey animals, were getting bullied by Gideon Grey, a red fox. When Judy came to
stop Gideon, Gideon told her to come at him and mentioned his species, a fox, and
said that killing is in his DNA. Judy’s bravery was shown and she said that Gideon
did not scare her. Gideon shoved her to the ground, causing Judy to teared up. She
fought back by kicking Gideon in the face, but Gideon scratched her face.
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During Judy’s graduation, her parents looked shocked and worried when
Mayor Lionheart assigned Judy to the precinct one in Zootopia. After the
graduation, her parents and her siblings took her to the train station. Her parents
expressed their fear of Judy moving to Zootopia alone.
BONNIE HOPPS. We’re real proud of you, Judy.
STU HOPPS. Yeah. Scared, too.
BONNIE HOPPS. Yes.
STU HOPPS. Really, it’s kind of a proud-scared combo. I mean, Zootopia.
It’s so far away. It’s such a big city.
JUDY. Guys—I’ve been working for this my whole life.
BONNIE HOPPS. We know. And we’re just a little excited for you, but
terrified.
(Bush & Johnston, 2016, p. 11)
Judy’s parents also expressed their fear of predators and how there are many
predators living in Zootopia. Judy’s father, Stu, also said that foxes are the worst.
Her mother also added that it was in their DNA.
STU HOPPS. And foxes are the worst.
BONNIE HOPPS. [retreating] Actually, your father does have a point there.
It’s in their biology. Remember what happened with Gideon Grey.
JUDY. When I was 9. Gideon Grey was a jerk, who happened to be a fox. I
know plenty of bunnies who are jerks.
STU HOPPS. Sure. Yeah, we all do. Absolutely. But just in case, we made
you a little care of package to take with you.
BONNIE HOPPS. And I put some snacks in there.
[Stu begins pulling a bunch of PINK FOX DETERRENTS from a bag.]
STU HOPPS. This is a fox deterrent.
BONNIE HOPPS. Yeah that’s safe to have there.
STU HOPPS. This is fox repellent…
BONNIE HOPPS. Okay, the deterrent and the repellent. That’s all she
needs.
STU HOPPS. Check this out!
[Stu removes a Fox Taser, fires it up. It sizzles.]
(Bush & Johnston, 2016, pp. 12 - 13)
Judy’s parents prepared some tools for Judy to take as a protection against
predators, especially a fox. Judy ended up taking the fox repellent from the bag to
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44
ease her parents’ worry. When Judy was about to leave for her first day as a police
officer, Judy saw the fox repellent sitting on her bedside table. She thought of
leaving it there because Judy thought it would be silly to bring it to work, but Judy
came back and grabbed the fox repellent.
The first time Judy met Nick Wilde, a red fox, who was a con artist, he was
at the Jumbeaux’s café. She was watching his movements from across the streets.
Judy followed him in and was prepared to take her repellent from her holster but
when she saw Finnick, a fennec fox, posing as Nick’s son, she stopped herself from
taking the repellent. Even though her past encounter with Gideon Grey in the past
did not traumatized Judy, she was skeptical when she saw Nick’s movements before
entering the shop. Judy still believed that savages are in predators’ DNA.
After Judy and Nick successfully found all the missing mammal cases, Judy
was called to make a statement during a press conference. The reporters started
asking questions about how the predators are the only ones going savages. Judy
answered that it might be something with their DNA, and predators seemed to be
reverting back to their primitive, savage ways. Judy did not know that her statement
hurt Nick. Nick left the precinct after Judy got off the stage.
HOPPS. You know what I mean. You’re not that kind of predator.
NICK. The kind that needs to be muzzled? The kind that makes you think
you need to carry around Fox Repellent?
[Hopps sighs guiltily.]
NICK. Yeah, don’t think I didn’t notice that little item the first time we met.
(escalating anger) So let me ask you a question. Are you afraid of me?
(Hopps looks heartbroken) Do you think I might go nuts? Do you think I
might go savage? Do you think I might try to… EAT YOU?!
[He lunges, like he’s going to bite her. She flinches and unthinkingly puts
her hand on the repellent.]
NICK. (calm, hurt) …I knew it. Just when I thought somebody actually
believed in me…
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45
[He shoves the application at her.]
NICK. Probably best if you don’t have a predator as a partner.
[As he walks away, he takes off the sticker badge, crumples it and tosses it
away.]
(Bush & Johnston, 2016, pp. 83 - 84)
Judy’s statement at the press conference caused chaos between prey and
predator in the city of Zootopia. A reporter even asked her if they cannot believe
their own predator friends. During a peace rally organized by a pop star, Gazelle,
many prey animals were protesting. Prey animals become more afraid of predator
animals.
[THE PROTEST: Hopps is caught in the middle of the PROTESTERS,
trying to separate them.]
PIG. Go back to the forest, predator!
LEOPARD. I’m from the savannah!
[GAZELLE gives a sound bite to a NEWS REPORTER.]
GAZELLE. Zootopia is a unique place. It’s a crazy, beautiful, diverse city
where we celebrate our differences. (gestures to PROTESTERS in
background) This is not the Zootopia I know.
[Gazelle’s interview plays as VO over a series of shows:]
[ON A SUBWAY: Hopps watches a MOTHER RABBIT bring her CHILD
close as a LION gets on the train.
(Bush & Johnston, 2016, p. 85)
The script above shows how Judy’s statement caused chaos in the city of
Zootopia. She was not traumatized by her past experience with Gideon Grey, but
she was skeptical of all predator animals. Judy also believed what her parents told
her that becoming savages are in predators’ DNA, and she said it during the press
conference. Her words made all prey animals feel more scared of predator animals.
C. Messages Related to the Conflict in Zootopia
In this part of the discussion, the researcher discusses the messages related
to discrimination in Zootopia movie script. The researcher uses the theory of
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
46
messages by Bordwell. The type of message that can be found in Zootopia is the
explicit meaning. According to Bordwell, explicit meaning is the conceptual
meaning or “point” that a film is stated directly.
In Zootopia movie and script, the main character, Judy Hopps, experienced
external conflict. Judy experienced discrimination done by the people around her,
and the fear of predator animals. She has experienced discrimination since she was
young. The first time she experienced discrimination was when she did a play
performance where she dressed up as a police officer because it was her dream.
Gideon, a red fox, who was in the audience, said that Judy’s dream was stupid.
Gideon indirectly discriminated against her by saying that a bunny cop is the
stupidest idea he ever heard. The second time Judy experienced discrimination is
after the play. Judy helped her friends from getting bullied by Gideon, but Gideon
insulted her, calling her stupid and said that a bunny could never be a cop. The third
time she experienced discrimination is when she finally joined the Zootopia Police
Academy. There were no bunnies at the academy, most of the cadets are big animals
such as elephants, lions, polar bears, and wolves. The instructor, Major Friedkin,
degraded her, saying that she is dead, calling her names such as bunny bumpkin,
carrot face, farm girl, fluff butt, or fuzzy bunny every time Judy failed the
simulation tests.
The fourth time she experienced discrimination is after she graduated from
the police academy and joined the 1st precinct in the city of Zootopia. Chief Bogo
did not care that Judy graduated as a valedictorian from the police academy. Chief
Bogo did not take her seriously because Judy is a rabbit and gave her the parking
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47
duty. The next time Judy experienced discrimination is when Nick, a con fox,
helped her find Mr. Otterton. Nick indirectly discriminated against her, implying
that Judy is not a real cop and let the real cop find Mr. Otterton.
Judy also believed that becoming savages are in predators’ DNA. Judy’s
past experience with Gideon Grey did not traumatized her but she was feeling
skeptical about predators. She teamed up with Nick, who was a fox, to find the
missing mammals, but she also stated that becoming savages are in predators’
DNA.
1. Discrimination and Stereotype Can be Eliminated
The first explicit meaning found in Zootopia movie and script related to
discrimination is that discrimination can happen to anyone, anywhere, and anytime.
The city of Zootopia’s motto is “Anyone can be anything,” which becomes the most
famous quote from the movie. Despite the motto, discrimination still happened in
the city. It is proven when Judy finally became a police officer in the 1st precinct in
the city of Zootopia. Discrimination also does not know age. Judy experienced
discrimination for the first time when she was in a play performance, and again after
the play performance when she was still nine years old.
Judy, the main character of the movie, is an example that stereotype can be
eliminated. Judy is already breaking stereotype since she was still young. When
Judy did a play performance with her friends and she revealed her dream of
becoming a police officer, the thought of a rabbit becoming a police officer is stupid
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48
for Gideon. Because of Judy’s characteristics that have been mentioned in the first
part of this chapter, Judy did not let it get to her.
YOUNG JUDY. A police officer!
[Judy’s parents, BONNIE & STU, look stunned. A mean fox kid, GIDEON
GREY, snickers. He’s sitting next to a WEASEL KID.]
GIDEON GREY. Bunny cop. That is the most stupidest thing I ever heard.
YOUNG JUDY. It may seem impossible to small minds—(points at
Gideon) I’m looking at you Gideon Grey.
(Bush & Johnston, 2016, p. 3)
In Zootopia, the stereotype is only big animals or predator animals can work
as a police officer or become a leader, therefore Gideon thinks that a rabbit
becoming a police officer is stupid. The conversation above shows that Judy
believes that a rabbit can be a police officer. Judy is warning Gideon when she said
that she is looking at him. Years later, the older Judy finally enters the police
academy. Judy experienced discrimination again at the police academy done by her
trainer. At the beginning of Judy attending the police academy, Judy always failed
on a test, which caused Major Friedkin to call her names. Judy is portrayed as hard-
working and smart in Zootopia, it is proven that she does not give up easily. Judy
worked hard and finally graduated from the academy as a valedictorian. She is
breaking a stereotype by becoming the first rabbit officer.
In the movie, Judy also shows how to break stereotype the right way. At the
end of the movie, Judy and Nick found out that Mayor Bellwether, a sheep, was
actually the one behind the missing animal cases. Mayor Bellwether used to be
Mayor Lionheart’s assistant but she framed him with the missing animal cases.
Bellwether became the new Mayor and all of the predators who worked at the
precinct is fired.
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
49
[Bellwether talks as they look for Hopps and Nick…]
BELLWETHER. Underestimated. Under-appreciated. Aren’t you sick of it?
Predators. They may be strong and loud, but prey out-number predators 10
to one.
[Bellwether sees a SHADOW—RABBIT EARS. She gestures to the RAMS—
there they are.]
BELLWETHER. Think of it—90 percent of the population, united against
a common enemy. We’ll be unstoppable.
(Bush & Johnston, 2016, p. 103)
The conversation above proves that Mayor Bellwether never liked
predators. She wanted to prove that prey animals out-numbered predator animals.
She wanted to prove that all predators are biologically savages, it is in their DNA.
Mayor Bellwether tried to influenced Judy by shooting Nick with the serum that
turns predators into savages. Bellwether wanted to stay in power to make the image
of predator animals bad using prey animals’ fear.
BELLWETHER. Fear always works. And I’ll dart every predator in
Zootopia to keep it that way.
HOPPS. (as Nick stalks her) Oh, Nick! No!
BELLWETHER. Bye-Bye, Bunny.
[Nick lunges. He attacks. Hopps screams. Bellwether smiles.]
HOPPS. Blood, blood, blood! And death.
[Bellwether looks confused. Nick stands up.]
NICK. All right, you’re milking it. Besides, I think we got it, I think we got
it. We got it up there, thank you yakkety-yakk—you laid it all out
beautifully.
BELLWETHER. What?
[Bellwether looks at her gun, in disbelief.]
NICK. Yea, oh, are you looking for the serum? (holds it up) Well, it’s right
here.
HOPPS. What you’ve got in the weapon there—those are blueberries. From
my family’s farm.
(Bush & Johnston, 2016, pp. 104 - 105)
Mayor Bellwether is furious when she found out that Judy and Nick tricked
her. They recorded Bellwether’s voice on a carrot pen recorder. Judy shows that she
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50
can break stereotype without harming others. She does not need a serum that turns
predators into savages to prove that prey animals can do predator’s job.
2. Everyone Can Achieve Their Dreams
Zootopia preached that there should be any discrimination. Predators and
prey animals can break through the stereotype that has been set for them. Prey is
seen as weaker animal than predator animal. In Zootopia, they show that anyone
can be anything, such as prey animals becoming police officers. Judy becomes the
first-ever rabbit police officer, and at the end of the movie, she proves that she is
capable of doing her job even better than her colleagues. She, with Nick’s help,
found all of the missing animals, and solved another case, which is finding out that
Mayor Bellwether is actually the one behind the missing animal cases to prove a
point that predators are savages. Those are proofs that really interpret the city of
Zootopia’s motto, which is anyone can be anything.
[EXT. CADET TRAINING GROUNDS – DAY]
[Reveal: Hopps is giving a commencement address to the GRADUATES of
the Police Academy.]
HOPPS. So, no matter what type of animal you are, from the biggest
elephant to our first fox…
[Reveal: Nick is a cadet. He removes his shades, winks at Hopps.]
HOPPS. I implore you… try. Try to make the world a better place.
[On stage, Hopps readies to pin a BADGE on Nick. As she approaches, they
exchange a nod—a small, sincere gesture. She places the badge, then gives
Nick an official salute.]
HOPPS. Look inside yourself, and recognize that change starts with you. It
starts with me. It starts with all of us.
(Bush & Johnston, 2016, pp. 107 - 108)
Judy is a prove that even a rabbit can do what predators’ do, which is
becoming a police officer. At the end of movie, Judy encouraged other animals to
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51
try. They can reach their dreams of becoming who they want to be, breaking the
stereotype. Animals should be treated equally despite whether they are prey animals
or predator animals.
3. Do Not Judge a Book by Its Cover
The message that can be found in Zootopia is also do not judge a book by
its cover. Although Judy has been breaking stereotype since she was young, she
still held on to a belief that predators are savages. Her statement during the press
conference caused chaos in the city of Zootopia. Judy realized that she was wrong
because she was tearing the community apart. Judy resigned from the precinct and
left to go back home.
Judy worked at her parents’ farm after resigning from the precinct. When
she was at the shop, Gideon Grey came, and her parents told her that they are
working with Gideon now, saying that Judy actually opened their minds about
predator animals. When Gideon was giving the pies for the kid bunnies, he
mentioned the flowers growing near her parents’ crops, the night howlers. She came
back to Zootopia to apologize to Nick. They teamed up again to find out that the
predators going savages are caused by the serum from the night howlers, a
poisonous flower. The serum was made to framed the predators, and it was
manipulated by Mayor Bellwether. Mayor Bellwether used the prey animals’ fear
of predator animals to make the predators the enemy. In the end it was proven that
not all predators are savages.
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52
Judy is again proving that people cannot judge other people based on how
they look and who they are. She easily labels all predators as savage, saying that it
is their biology because it was what she believed in, but she was proven wrong
when she and Nick found out that it was Bellwether’s scheme to make the predators
the enemy. It was proven that not all predators are savages, and it was not in their
DNA. Gideon Grey, the fox who harassed Judy when she was young, becomes one
of the top pastry chefs in the tri-burrows. Not only do not judge a book by its cover,
but also people can change for the better.
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CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION
In this last chapter, the researcher concludes all discussions of the research’s
problem statements. The object of this study is Zootopia movie and script. This
study focuses on Judy Hopps, the main character in Zootopia, who is the first rabbit
to become a police officer. Judy experienced external conflict in Zootopia. She
experienced discrimination since she was a child until she got her first job as a
police officer in the city of Zootopia, and the fear of predator animals. The
researcher uses the New Criticism approach to analyze the movie and the script.
There are three research questions in this study. The first problem is how Judy
Hopps’ characteristics portrayed in Zootopia. The second problem is how Judy
Hopps experienced her conflict in Zootopia. The last problem is what are the
messages related to the conflict revealed in Zootopia.
In analyzing the first problem, the researcher uses Boggs and Petrie’s eight
methods of describing characters in film. The researcher finds that Judy is described
as brave, smart, hard-working, kind, ambitious, and confident. These traits are
shown throughout her life, such as when she experienced her conflict with Gideon
Grey, it was shown how brave Judy is when she faced him. Judy proved Gideon
wrong by finally joining the police academy. Becoming a police officer has always
been Judy’s dream since she was young because she wanted to make the world a
better place where predator and prey can live together in harmony. A few years
later, she joined the police academy. It was shown that Judy is an ambitious person
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
54
and also hard-working.
Judy is also described as kind. This trait was displayed when she helped
strangers. Judy helped Nick when they first met without knowing that Nick is
actually a con artist, she saved a mouse from getting hit by an ornamental donut and
complimented her. She offered to help Mrs. Otterton to find her missing husband
even though Bogo made it clear that he did not want to give Judy any case from the
missing animals. Lastly, her confidence is shown through her thoughts about
herself. When she faced Gideon Grey, Gideon said that Judy does not know when
to quit, and he assaulted her. Judy got up and told her friend that Gideon is right
about her not knowing when to quit. She was confident that she would become a
police officer.
The second problem the researcher discusses the conflict experienced by
Judy Hopps in Zootopia using Boggs and Petrie’s theory of conflict. Judy
experienced external conflict in the movie, which is discrimination done by the
people around her, and the fear of predator animals. There are two types of
discrimination in this study. The first is direct discrimination. Direct discrimination
is an act of discrimination against a person or group based on a real or assumed
situation and character or feature. In Zootopia, a prey is considered weaker than a
predator; therefore, Judy is considered weak. Judy is discriminated by Gideon Grey,
Major Friedkin, and Chief Bogo. Gideon called her a loser, telling her that a rabbit
could never be a cop. Gideon also brought up the fact that a fox is a predator, and
killing is in their DNA to frighten Judy. Gideon assaulted her and called her a
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
55
stupid, carrot farming dumb bunny. Gideon discriminated against her because of
who she is.
Major Friedkin was Judy’s trainer at the police academy. Judy was different
than most of the cadets due to her race. She was smaller than most of them. When
Judy failed during a test, Major Friedkin would always say that Judy is dead and
then called her names such as farm girl and fluff butt. After graduating from the
police academy, Judy became the first rabbit police officer in Zootopia. On her first
day, Chief Bogo did not give her the missing mammal cases. Chief Bogo thought
that Judy was not capable of solving the case because Judy is a rabbit. He then gave
her a parking duty on her first day, ignoring the fact that she graduated at the top of
her class from the police academy. The second type of discrimination is indirect
discrimination. Indirect discrimination is a discrimination treatment to puts certain
persons or groups in a worse situation. In the beginning, indirect discrimination
follows the requirements of equal treatment. Gideon Grey and Nick Wilde
indirectly discriminated against Judy in Zootopia. During a play performance that
Judy and her friends delivered, Judy revealed that she wanted to be a police officer.
Gideon spoke up that a rabbit police officer is the stupidest thing he ever heard.
When Judy agreed to help Mrs. Otterton find her husband, she found a clue that
leads her to Nick, the fox she helped at the ice cream shop that turned out to be a
con artist. Nick agreed to help after Judy after she recorded their conversation about
Nick not paying any taxes. He was afraid that he would get arrested. After finding
out the car that took Mr. Otterton, Nick brought her to the Department of Mammal
vehicles to find out whose car took Mr. Otterton. Nick purposely made them waste
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56
the day by distracting Flash, the sloth, who worked there. Judy argued that the otter
is missing, but Nick acted like he did not care and said they should let a real cop
find him. Both of the scenes showed how Judy experienced indirect discrimination.
Gideon and Nick did not take her seriously because of who she is.
The second external conflict that Judy experienced is the fear of predator
animals. When Judy was young, she was harassed by Gideon Grey. Even though
Judy did not feel traumatized by the experience, she was still feeling skeptical about
predators, especially a fox. She still believed that all predators are savages. When
she saw Nick Wilde, a fox, outside Jumbeax Café, she was thinking the worst about
him. Judy also made a statement about predators as savages are because of their
biology during a press conference. Her statement teared the community in Zootopia
apart.
Lastly, the researcher discusses the messages related to the conflict in
Zootopia using the explicit meaning from the theory of messages by Bordwell.
According to Bordwell, explicit meaning is the conceptual meaning or “point” that
a film is stated directly. Judy Hopps experienced discrimination since she was
young until she joined the 1st precinct in Zootopia. The first explicit meaning that
can be found in Zootopia is that discrimination and stereotype can be eliminated.
Judy is an example that discrimination and stereotype can be eliminated. She has
been breaking stereotypes since she was still young. Her dream was to become a
police officer to make the world a better place. There were no rabbit officers before,
and in Zootopia, only big animals or predator animals can work as a police officer
or become a leader. Therefore, Gideon thinks that a rabbit becoming a police officer
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
57
is stupid. Judy is described as brave, smart, hard-working, kind, ambitious, and
confident; thus, she did not let Gideon’s words get to her. She joined the police
academy years later. Even though she experienced discrimination at the academy
and after joining the 1st precinct in Zootopia, Judy continued to break that stereotype
by becoming the first rabbit officer. The second explicit meaning that can be found
in Zootopia is that everyone can achieve their dreams. The city of Zootopia has a
motto that “Anyone can be anything.” Meaning that predators and prey can break
through the stereotype that has been set for them. Judy is proof that a prey animal
like her can be a police officer in Zootopia. She breaks the stereotype that prey
animal is seen as weak, and only big animals and predators can become police
officers. In Zootopia, it was proven that not all preys are weak, and not all predators
are savages.
The last message that can be found in Zootopia is do not judge a book by its
cover. Judy believed that predators are savages are because of their biology. She
easily labeled all predators as savages, and she delivered it during the press
conference. Later on, she realized that not all predators are savages. Her parents
even told her that Judy opened their minds about working with predator animals.
They are working with Gideon Grey, the fox who harassed Judy when she was
young. Judy proved that people cannot judge other people based on their look and
who they are.
In conclusion, Judy Hopps’ characteristics helped her break the
discrimination and stereotype set in Zootopia. She also encouraged other animals
to try, because change starts with them. The message that also can be found in this
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58
movie is that do not judge a book by its cover. The researcher suggests future
researchers observe the script and movie deeper by using a different approach or
perspective or analyzing more of the characters in the script and movie, such as
analyzing Nick and Mayor Bellwether’s experiences against discrimination.
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59
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