Lecture:17-18*

wefvMxq gvgjvi Important to remember

Z`i evcvi hv wKQz KiYxq ev eRbxq(Some dos and don'ts of Departmental Proceedings)

By-

M. ZILLUR RAHMAN barrister,mbaGuest Faculty, LEBIBA, Dhaka UniversityMob: 01711-009700(Always)

* Philosophy of Law/School of Law/Jurisprudence.?

*i.e..........Law is nothing, but the application of common sense.

No law can be made with retrospective effect.

Supremacy of the constitution: If there is conflict between the two laws, constitution will prevail (i.e.- Art-7 of Bdesh Constitution)

Laws inconsistent with fundamental rights to be void (i.e.- Art-26 of Bdesh Constitution): Exception-Disciplined Force, Art-45

An Investigator/Magistrate/Judge must follow~(i) Principal of natural justice(ii) Principal of reasonable opportunity

*

What is Crime.....?

*Definition:

-Activities that involve breaking the law.

An illegal act or activity that can be punished by law.

*

What is Misconduct..?

*

What is the difference among Crime, Offence & Misconduct..?

* Crime is specially related with criminal offence. Crime also relates with civil offence too. Violation of civil court judgment tantamount to criminal offence.

Misconduct only relates with departmental proceedings.

Offence relates with all criminal, civil & departmental wrong.

*Actus rea (Conduct) -Act/Silence/Omission- Consequence- Surrounding circumstancesMens rea (State of Mind) -Recklessness- Negligence- Intention

Note: Please remember to be an offence: 3 elements of actus rea & at least 1 element of means rea is essential. How to Prove & disprove an Offence.....?

* What is Burden of Proof.? & What is Standard of Proof.?

*

In UK SystemBurden lies with the plaintiff/ complainant.An accused is innocent, until & unless proved otherwise.

In France SystemBurden lies with the accused/ defendant.An accused is guilty, until & unless proved otherwise.

*Conditions for Punishment-Criminal Offence;An accused is innocent until and unless proved otherwise.

If require acquit 100 criminals, but dont punish 1 innocent person.

Accused will get benefit of doubt.

An accused can not be a witness.

Burden of proof always lies with the Complainant/ Prosecution/State, and Standard of proof always beyond reasonable doubt, means 100%, not even 99%.

Punishment usually i.e. Imprisonment (including death sentence), Fine or Both.

*Conditions for Punishment-Civil Offence;An accused is innocent until and unless proved otherwisethis principle is not applicable in civil trial.

If require acquit 100 criminals, but dont punish 1 innocent person.... this principle is not applicable in civil trial.

Accused will get benefit of doubt.... this principle is not applicable in civil trial.

An accused can be a witness.

Burden of proof always lies with the person who is complaining (Complainant/Respondent), and Standard of proof always on the balance of probabilities, means usually 51%.

Punishment usually i.e. Fine, Compensation, Title/Ownership or Both.

*Sources of Law Legal SourcesConstitutionLegislation/Statute (i.e. Act, Ordinance, Rules/Regulations, Order) Common Law/Judicial Precedent/Case Law

Non-Legal SourcesConventionCustoms

*Misconduct in Employment

GUv Awekvm njI mZ h Misconduct A_ev Am`vPiY kwUi Kvb msv Kvb kg AvBb `Iqv nqwb| myZivs G kwU wbq gvS gvS Avgv`i ek Svgjvq coZ nq| Ze GUv mZ h Mis A_vr Bad ev Lvivc Conduct gvb Behaviour ev ^fve| myZivs Misconduct ev Am`vPiY ejZ Avgiv mvavibZt Lvivc eenvi ev To conduct amiss to mismanage, wrong or improper conduct.... cfwZ eywS| G cm fviZi KvjKvZv nvUKvU ejb The intentional doing of something which the doer knows to be wrong or which he does recklessly, not caring what the result may be. [Bengal Nagpur Railway Co. vs. Moolji Air 1930 (Al. 851)]

Contd.

*Bangladesh Labor Code, 2006~

As per Sec-23(4) of Bangladesh Labor Code, 2006~ wbgwjwLZ KvR Kiv Am`vPiY ewjqv MY nBe, h_v -(K) Dcii Kvb AvBbmsMZ ev hywmsMZ Av`k gvbvi GKKfve ev Abi m msNe nBqv BQvKZfve AevaZv;(L) gvwjKi eemv ev mw mK Pzwi, cZviYv ev AmvayZv;(M) gvwjKi Aaxb Zvnvi ev Ab Kvb kwgKi PvKzix msv evcvi Nyl MnY ev c`vb;(N) webv QzwUZ AfvmMZ AbycwwZ A_ev QzwU bv wbqv GK m `k w`bi AwaK mgq AbycwwZ;(O) AfvmMZ wej^ DcwwZ;(P) cwZvb chvR Kvb AvBb, wewa ev cweavbi AfvmMZ jsNb;(Q) cwZvb DQsLj ev `vsMv nvsMvgvg~jK AvPiY, A_ev ksLjv nvwbKi Kvb Kg;(R) KvR Kg AfvmMZ MvwdjwZ;(S) cavb cwi`kK KZK Abygvw`Z PvKzix msv, kOLjv ev AvPiYmn, h Kvb wewai AfvmMZ jsNb|(T) gvwjKi Awdwmqvj iKWi i`e`j, RvjKiY, Abvq cwieZb, Dnvi wZKiY ev Dnv nvivBqv djv|

*miKvix KgPvix (kLjv I Avcxj) wewagvjv, 1985-Gi 2(Gd) Abyhvqx Am`vPiY ewjZ myeev ev PvKwii kLjvi c wZKi ev miKvix KgPvix (AvPiY) wewagvjv, 1979 Gi Kvb weavbi cwicw, A_ev GKRb KgKZv ev f`jvKi c AbywPZ wkvPvinxb Kvb AvPiY eySvBe Ges wbv KvhKjvcI Bnvi Afy nBet

1| DaZb KgKZvMYi AvBb msMZ Av`k Agvb,

2| KZe Pig Aenjv,

3| Kvb AvBb msMZ KviY eZxZ miKvix A`k, wew Ges wb`kbvi cwZ Aev, Ges

4| Kvb KZci wbKU Kvb miKvix KgPvixi wei bM, weiwKi, wg_v A_ev ZzQ AwfhvM m^wjZ `iLv ck|

*kvwg~jK eevi c`cmg~n(Step in Disciplinary Action)1| cqvRb cv_wgK Z` (Preliminary Enquiry, if required)|2| AwfhvMc MVY (Framing Charge-Sheet)|3| AwfhvMc c`vb (Delivery of Charge-Sheet)|4| AwfhvMci Reve weePbv Kiv (Consideration of Explanation)|5| Z` Awdmvii gbvbqb (Selection of Enquiry Officer)|6| Z`i bvwUk c`vb (Issuing Enquiry Notice)|7| mwVK AvfixY Z` (Proper Domestic Enquiry)|8| Z`Kvix Awdmvii wicvU (Report of the Enquiry Officer)|9| KZci viv Z` wicvU weePbv Kiv (Consideration of Enquiry- Report by the authority)|10| kvwi Av`k (Awarding Punishment)|11| kvwi Av`k Rvix Kiv (Delivery of Punishment Letter)|12 | Allowing Appeal, (if any)

From Case Law(s) :

* Z`i 2wU principal AekB gvbZ ne-(i) Principal of natural justice(ii) Principal of reasonable opportunity

* Departmental Enquiry-Gi Evidence Act chvR bq|

* Enquiry is quasi-judicial (Aa wePvwiK)|

* cybtZ` mwVK bq| Ze wekl AwaKZi Z` wbw` points Gi Dci nZ cvi|

* Authority Z`Kvix KgKZvi mv_ GKgZ cvlb bv Ki AwfhyK h Kvb ` Avivc A_ev `vqgy KiZ cvib and that is correct procedure.

* kvwi Av`k KLbv AvMi/c~ei ZvwiL _K (with retrospective effect) KvhKix Kiv hve bv (i.e. retrospective effect/back date w`q Kvb AvBb Kiv nj, Zv Aea ne)|

* Z`Kvix Awdmvi Zvi Z` cwZe`b Kb Awfhy ew `vlx ejQb Zvi my KviY ejZ ne| ay `vlx ejjB Pje bv|

* Avfixb Z` wmv `IqvUv evaZvg~jK| Kvb wmv bv _vKj m Z` wicvU ne AvBbi PvL m~Y A_nxb|

* IO/wePviK Cross examined/Leading question KiZ cvie bv| aygv information Gi Rb Kvb ck wRvmv KiZ cvib| mvx`i mv MnYi mgq Examination in Chief AvKvi wbZ ne, Cross AvKvi bqv hve bv Ze G Awfhy Riv Kivi myhvM cve|

* Kvb KgKZv/KgPvix mvmc nj wK nvi LvivKx fvZv/AvbyZvwlK cve mUv Av`k DjL KiZ ne| mvmcbkb cZvnvi nj eZbi mgZvi evcvi Av`k DjL _vKZ ne|

* wbg c`, ji wbg avc bvgvbv, c`vbwZ ev eZb ew wMZKiY..... BZvw`i Av`k `qv nj, Zv KZw`bi Rb KvhKi ne, Zv AekB Av`k DjL KiZ ne|

* kvw c`vbKvix KZc (Competent Person) Qvov kvwi Av`k c`vb Kiv nj mUv AvBbi `wZ Aea ne|

* `ywU AvBbi ga Conflict `Lv w`j Awfhy/delinquent h AvBb ekx myweavw` cveb, D AvBb-B Zvi Dci KvhKi ne|

* Z` PjvKvj Z`Kvix Awdmvi/IO hw` gb Kib h Kvb ck ev ge AvcwKi ev AcvmwK Zvnv wZwb evwZj/Expunge KiZ cvib|

* gvU KZjv Exhibits AvQ Zvi GKUv ZvwjKv wmwiqvwj mvwRq wgK b^i c`vb Ki mUv mvi mv_ Uvwj Ki WKUi mv_ attach KiZ ne|

* AwfhvM cgvYi Rb KZRb mvxi cqvRb Zvnvi Kvb aiv evav wbqg bvB| aygv AwfhvMKvixi eei Dci wfw Ki Awfhy KgPvixi PvKzix Pj hZ cvi Ges mUv m~Y ea|

* Kvh weeiYx Z` KgKZvK wbR nvZ wjLZ ne, Ab KD wjLj Pje bv| Ze AvaywbK enquiry-Z hnZz GKRb Z`Kvix KgKZvK mnvqZv Kivi Rb GKRb Conducting Officer _vK, m KvhweeiYx Z` KgKZv bv wjL Conducting Officer wjLj m Amyweav bvB|

* Z` KwgwUi KwgwUi h Kvb GKRb KvhweeiYx wjLZ cvi|

* Kvb miKvix KgPvix Aciva msNUb Kij Zvi wePvi D KgPvixi PvKzix Aevq i I kl KiZ ne| LPR ev Retirement G Mj D KgPvixi wei Kvb wefvMxq gvgjv i A_ev wefvMxq gvgjvi djvdj (kvw) Zvi Dci Avivc Kiv hve bv|

* IO/Z`Kvix KgKZv KLbB Awfhy/delinquent Gi wbg c`i nZ cvie bv| * mKj delinquent/Awfhyi mvgb ^vx MnY KZ ne| Ze hywmZ KviY delinquent AbycwZ _vwKj Zvnvi AbycwwZZ Enquiry Kiv hve-BnvK Exparte enquiry /Absentia trial ejv nq|

* hywmZ KviY Qvov IO cwieZb Kiv hve bv, hw` cwieZb Kiv nq, Ze mwU Note sheet G AekB KviY DjL KiZ ne Ges hywmZ KviY _vKv AvekK| Ze Awfhyi Avcwi KZci AbygwZg IO cwieZb Kiv hve|

*

*Avfixb Z` public enquiy bq| ZvB hviv G NUbvi mv_ Kvb fveB RwoZ bq Zviv G Z`i mgq mLvb DcwZ _vKZ cvie bv|

* Ggb Kvb ewK Z` Kievi `vwqZ `Iqv hve bv whwb m NUbvi mgq DcwZ wQjb A_ev Kvb fve m NUbvi mv_ mswk wQjb|

*Avfixb Z`i evcvi Kvb AvBb bB| GUv GKUv wePviK`i Mov AvBb| ZvB Avfixb Z` KvR ay IB mg KgKZv`i wbqvM Kiv DwPZ hv`i G evcvi weklfve cwkY `Iqv AvQ| Ab_vq Z` fzj ne Ges Gi dj kl ch Awfh~ KgPvix Z` `vlx njI AbK AvBbi gvicvP ci Qvov cq hve|

*

*Z`Kvix AwdmviK wbR nvZ Z`i KvhweeiYx wjLZ ne G evcvi wZwb Ab Kviv mvnvh wbZ cvieb bv| Ze m Z` hw` Kvb KwgwUi gvag Kiv nq Ze m Z` KwgwUi h Kvb m`m m Z`i KvhweeiYx wjLZ cvieb|

*gvbyli iYkw Lye Kg| ZvB NUbv NUvi ci ciB Z`i eev Kiv DwPr hvZ Ki NUbv gb _vKZ mvxMY Zv`i ee Z`Kvix Awdmvii mvgb w`Z cvib|

*Z`Kvix AwdmviK AvBb welq cwZ nevi Kvb cqvRb bvB| Ze wZwb AekB Z` cwiPvjbv Kievi Rb h vb _vKv cqvRb m vbi AwaKvix neb| Avi Z` wZwb wbicfve Ges wePvii ^vfvweK wbqg (Principles of natural justice) Abymvi Kieb|

*hZ`yi me Z` GKRb Z`Kvix Awdmvii gvagB Kiv DwPZ| GZ myweav AbK| Ze cqvRb nj KZc Kvb Kvb GKwU KwgwUi gvagI Z` KvR cwiPvjbv KiZ cvib| wK G gb ivLZ ne h KwgwUZ hviv m`m m`m AvQb Zviv hb Kvb Z`i Awfhy Pq c` (In Rank and Status) QvU bv nb|

*

*ee kl nj cZK mvxK Zvi ee co kvbvZ ne Ges cqvRb nj m ee mskvaY ev cwieZbI Kiv hZ cvi Ges eei kl mB mvxi mvi wbZ ne|

*Awfhy KgPvixi wei hw` GKi ekx AwfhvM _vK Ze Z` KgKZvK Z`i kl cZKwU AwfhvMi evcvi c_Kfve wmv w`Z ne|

*Avfixb Z` cwZvbi evBii jvKI mvx wnmve DcwZ nZ cvi| Ze m wZwb h ci c mv `eb m c Z`i mgq Z`Kvix Awdmvii mvgb ZvK DcwZ Kivii evcvi eev wbe| G evcvi Z`Kvix Awdmvii wKQz Kivi bB|

*

*Z`i kl Z`Kvix AwdmviK Z` KvhweeiYxi cwZwU cvZvq ^vi KiZ ne Ges Awfhy KgPvixi ^viI wbZ ne|

*Awfhy KgPvix hw` Z` KvhweeiYxZ ^vi KiZ bv Pvq Ze G evcvi Rvi Kivi Kvb cqvRb bB| KvhweeiYxi bxP (A_vr h h cvq Awfhy KgPvix ^vi KiZ A^xKvi, KiQb) Z`Kvix Awdmvi wbRi nvZ wjLeb Awfhy KgPvixK GLvb ^vi KiZ ejvq wZwb Rvbvjb h wZwb GLvb Kvb ^vi Kieb bv|

*Z` KvhweeiYxZ bvB Ggb Kvb welq ev NUbv Z` Awdmvi AekB weePbv Kieb bv|

*evsjv`k msweavb

* No man can be punished without giving him a fair opportunity of self-defense, A_vr KviY `kvbvi bvwUk Qvov KvDK kvw c`vb Kiv hve bv, Ze Probation/Training wcwiqW Kvb Stigma c`vb bv Ki KviY `kvbv evwZiKB PvKzix _K AenwZ c`vb Kij Zv e-AvBbx nb bv| Bangladesh Constitution Art. 135(2)

* Presidents Immunity; aygv ivcwZ hZY ch wZwb ivcwZi Avmb AwawZ _vKeb ZZY ch ivcwZi wei Kvb dR`vix I `Iqvbx gvgjv iRy Kiv hve bv| ivcwZ Qvov evsjv`ki mKj bvMwiK (cavbgxmn) dR`vix Aciva Awfhy nj `vq GovZ cvieb bv| Art. 51, Bangladesh Constitution.

* evsjv`k msweavbi Art 35(2) Abyhvqx GKB Aciva Kvb ewK `yBevi wePvi Kiv hvq bv| Ze Kvb miKvix KgPvix dR`vix Aciva Awfh~ nj Zvi wei GKB mv_ dR`vix I wefvMxq eev MnY Kij mUv GKB Aciva `yBevi wePvi bn|

*

evsjv`k `wewa

* Kvb miKvix KgPvix (cavbgx I ivcwZmn) hw` official capacity Z mij wekvm Kvb Kvh mv`b (civil or criminal) Kib, mUv Aciva wnmve MY ne bv| (evsjv`k `t wet aviv- 76 _K 106)|

*dR`vix Kvhwewa

* aygv clerical mistake Qvov kvwi Av`k c`vbKvix KZc GKevi Av`k c`vb Kij mUv Avi cwieZb Kiv hve bv| Ze Avcxj KZc D kvw evovZ/ KgvZ cvi| (Cr.P.C. 369)

* Kvb miKvix KgPvix (virtually 1g kYxi KgKZv, hviv miKvii Abygv`bg AcmviYhvM) Kvb Av`vjZ Zv`i wei gvgjv Avgj bevi miKvii c~evbygwZ wbZ ne| Cr.PC.197

*Labor Code, 2006

Regarding Departmental Proceedings for a worker; you must go thoroughly Sec-23, 24, 26 & 27 of Labor Code, 2006.Sec-23(4): Definition of MisconductSec-24: Dos & donts of Departmental Proceeding.Sec-26: An Employer can dismiss a worker without D. Proceedings.Sec-27: A worker can resign anytime, but..

*Discipline & Appeal Rule,1985

25| Av`vjZ wePvivaxb gvgjv t

(1) hw` Kvb Av`vjZ Kvb miKvix KgPvixi wei Kvb AwfhvM ev AvBbMZ eev PwjZ _vK Zvnv nBj mB Aev GKB Acivai Rb H ewi wei wefvMxq eev MnY Kvb evav _vwKe bv|

(2)h Kvb miKvix KgPvix Kvb AwfhvM nZz Av`vjZ KZK `v`k cv nb Ges GB AwfhvM miKvix KgPvix (`vlx mve c`PywZ) Aav`k, 1985 (1985 mvji 5 bs Aav`k) Aav`ki wbw` Acivai Rb bn mB KZc wmv wbeb h, `v`k cv KgPvixK GB wewagvjvi AvIZvaxb kvw `Iqv nBe wKbv wmv wbeb|

(3) hw` KZc ZvnvK GB wewagvjvi Aaxb kvw `Iqvi wmv bb Zvnv nBj welqwU Aev Abymvi hgb Dchy gb Kib Zgb ` c`vb KwiZ cvwieb Ges GBic cvweZ ` c`vbi Rb miKvix KgPvixi wei gvgjv Avbqb Kiv KviY `kvbvi myhvM c`vbi Kvb cqvRb bvB|

(4) hw` KZc GBic miKvix KgPvixK Kvb kvw c`vb bv Kwievi wmv bb Zvnv nBj ZvnvK cybenvj ev PvKzixZ ivwLevi wbqvMKvix KZci AeewnZ EaZb KZc A_ev h ivcwZ wbqvMKvix KZc Zvnvi Abygv`b jvf Kwieb|

*The Govt. Servants Dismissal on Conviction,1985

3| mvRvcv miKvix KgPvixi eiLvKiYt

(1) AvcvZZ ejer Ab Kvb AvBb ev Kvb wewa cwewa, evB-j `wjj ev Pzw ev PvKzixi Kvb m~ Ges kZ hvnv wKQzB _vKzK bv Kb, GKRb miKvix KgPvix dR`vix Acivai Rb Zdwmj ewYZ mvRvcv nBj ivq NvlYvi ev mvRv c`vbi Av`ki w`b nBZ ZvrwYKfve mvRv mK Zvnvi wbqvMKZvK AewnZ Kwieb|

(2) Kvb Av`vjZ miKvix KgPvixK dR`vix Acivai Rb Zdwmj ewYZ mvRv c`vb Kwij hw` wePvi PjvKvjxb mgq Av`vjZi MvPixfZ nq h, wZwb GKRb miKvix KgPvix Zvnv nBj ivq NvlYv ev Av`k c`vbi ci Awej^ Zvnvi mvRv mK wbqvMKZvK AewnZ Kwieb|

(3) hw` Dcaviv (1) Gi Aaxb eiLvKZ Kvb miKvix KgPvix AvcxjKZ Av`vjZ nBZ Avcxji gvag eKmyi Lvjvmcv nb, Zvnv nBZ wZwb PvKzixZ cybenvj nBeb| GB kZ h, hw` wZwb BZvga evaKRwbZ Aemi MnYi eqm bv cuQvb ev mswk c` ev PvKzix wejy bv nq|

*Contd..

PAGE

1

4| invB, BZvw`t

(1) hB ivcwZ m nb h, 3 avivi weavb cqvMi Rb Acivai iZ jvNe Kwievi Ggb Aev weivRgvb, mB wZwb Av`k viv Kvb miKvix KgPvixi Dci 3 avivi weavb cqvM Kiv nBZ invB `Iqvi wb`k c`vb KwiZ cvwieb, hvnvi dj D miKvix KgPvix PvKzix nBZ eiLvKZ bb ewjqv MY nBeb|

(2) hB Dcaviv (1) Gi Aaxb ivcwZ Kvb Av`k c`vb Kib, mB ivcwZ ev wbqvMKvix KZc A_ev wbqvMKvix KZci Aab bn Ggb KZc D miKvix KgPvixK eiLvKiYi Av`k Qvov wZwb ev D KZc hBic Dchy gb Kib mBic Av`k c`vb KwiZ cvwieb|

5| Abvb AvBbi cqvM, BZvw`t

GB Aav`ki weavbmg~n Abvb AvBbi AwZwi nBe Ges miKvix KgPvixi kLjvRwbZ welqmn PvKzixi m~ I kZ mK AvcvZZ ejer Ab Kvb AvBb, wewa A_ev cwewaK Le Kwie bv|

Zdwmj

aviv 3(1) `e

h Kvb AvBbi Aaxb gZz` ev GK eQi AwaK Kviv` ev `k nvRvi UvKvi Ea Rwigvbv ` A_ev Dfq cKvi ` mwKZ Aciva|

?

Thank You

*