Mass Spectrometry Fault finding and trouble shooting
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Transcript of Mass Spectrometry Fault finding and trouble shooting
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Mass SpectrometryFault finding and trouble shooting
Or: Giving the bullet to those pesky faults
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Disclaimer
3000 volts can kill
Protect your eyes
230 Volts can kill
Mass spectrometers can cause pain
Mental pain!
Please beware that any work on the instrumentis carried out at your own risk. Isomass Scientific cannot be held responsible for injury or damage caused by following these techniques.
Hot solderingirons can burn
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Salesman’s view of solving instrument problems
New!
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Reality
• Budget shortfalls– Not enough money to buy a new instrument– Not enough money to pay for service
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What to do• Learn how to look after your own instrument– Go on the manufactures training courses– Ask questions during the installation and any visit
made by an engineer– Regularly attend ASITA– Read the manual and other books– Take an electronics course
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Fault Finding• Use the instrument supplier as a resource– The engineers are trained on the instrument– The engineers want to help– The engineers will have access to more
information• Take your time– Fault finding is not a race– More intervention usually leads to more damage– Take notes and pictures
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Fault Finding• Beware of dangerous voltages that might be present
in the unit under investigation– The 230 volt supply into most units can be fatal if touched– Source supplies are usually at high voltage, > 3kv
• Be careful when connecting or disconnecting meter probes– A badly placed probe can cause a short and further
damage• Double check connections and meter setting before
turning on the unit under test
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Fault Finding
• Check power supplies first– Fuses, check with a meter on resistance not just
visually– If a supply voltage is less than expected it could be
that the supply is damaged or the load is pulling the supply voltage down
– Regulated supplies should have very low a.c. ripple– All electronics can be seen as either a supply or
load
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Fault FindingThink before acting #1
5 minutes thought can save hours of work
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Fault FindingThink before acting #2
Think about the problem before acting
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Art is a science• Learn to draw– Draw a block diagram of the fault area– Write down the inputs and outputs of each block– Make a list of possible causes
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My block diagram
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Power Block Diagram
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A few simple techniques
• Swap– Exchange the suspected part
• Measure– Compared the measured parameter with the
expected value• Observe– Look to see what’s happening
• Write– Keep good notes
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Swap
Pirani reads 1e-3mbar
Pirani reads atmosphere
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Simplify
Pirani showingatmosphere after
10 minutes pumping
Use a blank at point 'A' totest the sub- system withinthe instrument as a whole
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Voltage Measurement
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Voltage Measurement
• Multimeter set to a.c. or d.c. voltage as required– Black lead in common socket– Red lead in V socket
• Voltage measured across one component measures across all components in parallel– Voltage is measured in parallel– Circuit is powered
• Connect red probe to one lead of the component and the black probe to the second lead– If meter is auto-ranging note the displayed multiplier
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Current Measurement
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Current Measurement• Multimeter set to a.c. or d.c. current as required
– Black lead in common socket– Red lead in mA or A socket as required, if in doubt start in A
socket• Multimeter must be in series with the component
– If necessary unsolder one lead from the board– Circuit is powered
• Connect red probe to the lead of the component and the black probe to the point the lead was previously connected to– If meter is auto-ranging note the displayed multiplier
• Often easier to measure voltage across a resister and use V=IR
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Resistance Measurement
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Resistance Measurement
• Multimeter set to resistance– Black lead in common socket– Red lead in Ω socket
• Component must be measured in isolation– Circuit is not powered– If necessary unsolder one lead from the board
• Connect red probe to one lead of the resistor and the black probe to the other lead– If meter is auto-ranging note the displayed multiplier
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Start with the obvious
If a light does not work....
Check the light bulb before dismantling thelight switch, changing the fuse in the basement etc.
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Start with the obvious
Two bulbs might have blown but it's more likely that there is a fault common to both e.g. the fuse in the basement
If two light bulbs do not work....
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Fault FindingTake good, clear notes when the instrument is working correctly
and notes during any fault finding procedure
Don't forget, "RTFM" !
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Power Control
230 Volts
Switched outletRelayControl
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Vacuum control
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Vacuum parts
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Vacuum Start-up
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Quick Rotary Pump Test
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Penning Gauge
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Turbo Pump Faults
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Vacuum Service
• Rotary pump– Change the pump oil every 6 months
• Turbo pump– Change the oil wicks yearly
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Ion Source Control
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Ion Source Electronics
~4A ~700µA~800µA
1.5mA
~4.2A
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Ion source
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Exploded Ion Source
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Source Cleaning
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Magnet Supply
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Magnet Screwdriver Test
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Inlets
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Dual Inlet Valve Control
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GC Combustion
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EA
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GasBench
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GasBench
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#140, 5700 – 1 Street S.W.,Calgary, Alberta T2H [email protected]
Tel: (403) 255-6631 . Fax: (403) 255-6958Toll Free: 1-800-363-7823