Sh

ale

Ma

trix

Po

rosi

tyD

ry C

lay

Sil

t

B.

Wat

er

Kaolinite

Chlorite

Illite

Momtmorillonite

CTN ROHB

~ 37

~ 52

~ 30

~ 60

2.41

2.76

2.52

2.12

DGR® (Dual Gamma Ray) Sensor

Formation

Drill Collar

Gamma RayDetectors K

Th

U

A B

BoreholeBorehole

Two Banks of Geiger-Mueller Tubes

DGR Insert calibrated inside the collar. No collar

attenuation factor needed

PCG Configuration

Electronics Scintillation Detector

Single Scintillation

Detector

Gamma Module (GM) Configuration

Electronics Gamma Bank C

Gamma Bank B

Gamma Bank A

Each Bank contains 4 Geiger-Mueller Tubes

Azimuthal Gamma Ray (AGR)

5/8” DIA X 4” LG CRYSTAL

• ~2 X DGR Count Rate

•Azimuthal Sensitivity: 11:1

PMT PRE-AMP

Geo-Pilot Azimuthal Gamma Ray

ScintillatorAccelerometer Package and Temp Sensor

Processor

Pressure Sleevee

Scintillator

Scintillator

120° 120°

120°

1m

EWR Development History

EWR (1983)

The First MWD Propagation Resistivity Tool

EWR-Phase 4 (1991)

The First Multi-Spacing MWD Propagation Resistivity Tool

The First Three-Frequency MWD Propagation Resistivity ToolFive Spacing with True Geometrical Compensation

EWR-M5

EWR-Phase 4™

Operates in all mud types

Four phase-shift resistivity curves

Four attenuation resistivity curves

Excellent vertical resolution in low-resistivity, thinly-bedded formations

Measure Point

39” 15” 9”27”

2 MHzTransmitters

1 MHzTransmitter

Near Receiver

Far Receiver

6”

Resistivity Conductivity Velocity Wavelength Phase Shift

High Low Fast Long Small

Low High Slow Short Large

4-3/4”AFR Tool

• 2 transmitters (3 frequencies) • 3 rows with 3 electrodes each• R”at” B measurement

31.5”

51.5”

11.5”

4-3/4” AFR Tool Measurements*

*Excluding the “bit resistivity” measurement

Depth of Investigation vs Tx-Rx SeparationAFR 4

0''

1''

2''

3''

4''

5''

6''

7''

8''

9''

10''

11''

12''

13''

14''

15''

0'' 10'' 20'' 30'' 40'' 50'' 60'' 70'' 80'' 90''

Tx-Rx Distance

Dep

th o

f Inv

estig

atio

n DOI @ PGF=0.5

Rt=100 Ohmm

Rxo=10 Ohmm

Rmud=0.02 Ohmm

RingThickness=1''

ToolDIA=5.25''

BoreDIA=6.25''

Tx-Rx=11.5''

Tx-Rx=31.5''

Tx-Rx=51.5''

Depth of Investigation: 4-3/4” AFR Tool

Mud Filtrate Invasion

Drilling

Spiraled or CorkScrew BoreHole

Polarization Horns

Density Tool SLD & ALD

Wireline Density Tool

SLD™ (Stabilized Lithology Density) Tool

Cesium 137Source

Low Density

Windows

Stabilizer

TungstenShield

NearDetector

TungstenBore Liner

FarDetector

Cross Section of MWD Density Toolin an Enlarged Borehole

ScintillationDetector

Stand-Off Formation

Window in Stabilizer Blade

Pressure Housing

Mud

Mud

Drill Collar

Stabilizer Blade

Neutron & SLD Source Installedin Drill Collar

“Spira-Lock”Thread

Doubly-EncapsulatedNeutronSource

Bull Plug

Source PortInsert

“O”-Ring

RetainingRing

Drill Collar

Acoustic Standoff

Cs137 Source

Low-Density Windows

Stabilizer

Tungsten Shield

Near Detector

Far Detector

Tungsten Bore Liner

Azimuthal Magnetometer

Package

Electronics

Azimuthal Lithodensity (ALD™)

Bin 1

Bin 2

Bin 3

Bin 4

Bin 5

Bin 16

Bin 6

Bin 7

Bin 15

Bin 14

Bin 13

Bin 12

Bin 11

Bin 10Bin 9 Bin 8

Compensated Thermal Neutron Tool

Helium 3 neutron near and far detectors Integrated triaxial caliper Tool sizes: 4-3/4, 6-3/4 and 8 inches

CTN™ (Compensated Thermal Neutron)

™

Interpretation

Shale Points