LS-PrePost Intro 050211

Introduction to LS‐PrePost 3.1Introduction to LS PrePost 3.1Jacob Krebs, LSTC May 2, 2011

Table of ContentsS C O O S O SSECTION WORKSHOPS

Overview ‐

General Operations Workshop 01

Mesh Generation Workshop 02Mesh Generation Workshop 02

Pre‐Processing Workshop 03‐06

Post‐Processing Workshop 07‐08

Command File and Macros Workshop 09

Advanced Applications Workshop 10

Extra Pre Processing Exercises Workshop 11Extra Pre‐Processing Exercises Workshop 11

Geometry Workshop 12

LS‐PrePost Intro | May 2, 2011

Configuration Files ‐2©2011 Livermore Software Technology Corporation

OverviewOverview

LS‐PrePost Intro | May 2, 2011 3©2011 Livermore Software Technology Corporation

About LS‐PrePostLS‐PrePost is an advanced pre and post‐processor designed specifically for LS‐DYNA

LS‐PrePost is developed for Windows and Linux

LS‐PrePost is FreeLS PrePost is Free

Core FunctionalityF ll t f LS DYNA k d fil• Full support of LS‐DYNA keyword files

• Full support of LS‐DYNA results files

R b t h dli f t d t ( CAD i i 3 0)• Robust handling of geometry data (new CAD engine in 3.0)

• Pre‐processing (meshing, model clean‐up, entity creation)

P i ( i i f i l i l i )• Post‐processing (animation, fringe plotting, curve plotting)


Online ResourcesOfficial Website• http://www.lstc.com/lspp

User Group• http://groups.google.com/group/ls‐prepostp //g p g g /g p/ p p

Latest Version:• http://ftp lstc com/anonymous/outgoing/lsprepost• http://ftp.lstc.com/anonymous/outgoing/lsprepost

• ftp://ftp.lstc.com/outgoing/lsprepost


Input / OutputInput (partial list)• FEM: LS‐DYNA Keyword, Nastran, I‐DEAS Universal,PAM‐CRASH, RADIOSS

• CAD: IGES, STEP

• ASCII: glstat, matsum, etc…

• Binary: d3plot, binout, etc…

Output (partial list)• FEM: LS‐DYNA Keyword, Nastran, STLy , ,

• Image: BMP, GIF, JPEG, PNG, PostScript

• Movie: AVI, MPEG, Animated GIF, ,

• XY Data: CRV, CSV, XML

• Other: Post.db, Project FileOther: Post.db, Project File


Mouse and KeyboardDynamic Model Operation• Rotate: Shift + Left‐click

• Translate: Shift + Middle‐click

• Zoom: Shift + Right‐click/Scroll‐wheel

(Using Ctrl instead of Shift for edge mode)

Graphics SelectionG ap cs Se ect o• Pick (single): Left Click

• Area (rectangle): Left‐click + DragArea (rectangle): Left click + Drag

• Poly (polygon): Left‐click at corners / Right‐click to finish

List SelectionList Selection• Multi‐Select: Left‐click + Drag / Ctrl + Left‐click

M t l f t t b h l tMouse over controls for status bar help comments


GUI Layout

MenusFil t & f

Right ToolbarA t d t i t lFile management & preferences Access to pre and post‐processing tools

Graphics Viewport

Command LineInput (left) / Output (right)

Bottom ToolbarModel rendering controlsInput (left) / Output (right) Model rendering controls


Transition Tips (version 2.4 to 3.0)Function Key: F11• Toggles between v2.4 and v3.0 style user interface

Menu: View > Toolbar > Text & Icon• Turns on icon labels for bottom and right toolbarsg

Menu: Help > Old to New• Provides mapping between v2 4 page interface buttons and• Provides mapping between v2.4 page interface buttons and v3.0 toolbar icons

Menu: Help > DocumentMenu: Help > Document• Describes new geometry tools

LS‐PrePost Intro | May 2, 2011 ©2011 Livermore Software Technology Corporation 9

File MenuOpen – Open file (new model created for each file opened)

Import – Import file (adds keyword data to current model)

Recent – Open recent files (stored in /user/.lspp_recent)

Save – Over‐write current Keyword or Project file

Save As – Save any of the following file formats using advanced options: Keyword, Active Keyword (visible data), Project, Post.db( d d d3 l t d t ) G t K d d P j t ( i(condensed d3plot data), Geometry, Keyword and Project (using same file name)

Update – Load new d3plots for run in progress

Print Launch printing interface (send to printer or image file)Print... – Launch printing interface (send to printer or image file)

Movie... – Launch movie generation interface

Exit – Exit LS‐PrePost

Save and Exit Sa e data to c rrent file and e it LS PrePostSave and Exit – Save data to current file and exit LS‐PrePost


File → OpenLS‐DYNA Binary Plot – d3plot, interface file, or d3thdt

LS‐DYNA Keyword File – ASCII formatted input file

Time History File – d3thdt (after loading d3plot)

Command File – Command session file

Post.db File – Database file (created by cdb=input)

Project File – Project file (pre‐processing)

Interface Force File – Interface force file (post‐processing)

IGES File – Geometry data in IGES format

STEP File – Geometry data in STEP format

Nastran File – Nastran bulk data file

Lsplot File – New LS‐DYNA database format file

Others – Additional input file types


Misc. MenuView Model Info – Launch model information interface

View Memory Info – Launch memory usage interface

View Message Info – Launch keyword reader message interface

Display Ruler – Launch ruler interface

Set Keyword Title – Launch title interface

Swap Byte On Title – Swap byte order for title

Start Recording Commands – Start/stop recording macro commands

Launch Macro Interface – Launch Macro interface

Manage Command File – Launch command file interface

Execute System Call – Launch system call interface


View MenuFull Screen (Esc to Exit) – Show graphics area in full screen mode

Background – Set background style (plain, faded, or image)

Geometry Shade – Set geometry rendering style

Element Shade – Set element rendering style

All Element/Geometry – Show all elements/geometry

Ref Geometry – Show reference geometry

Points/Curves/Surfaces – Show points/curves/surfaces

Toolbar – Hide/display toolbars, set text/icon mode, and set font size

Local Axes – Toggle between global/local

Beam Prism – Toggle between line/prism

Smooth Fringe Color – Enable smooth contours (when in fringe mode)

Keep Zout Orientation – Maintain orientation when zooming out

Show Deleted Nodes – Display deleted nodes when viewing results

Show Deleted Elements – Display deleted elements when viewing results

Result On Screen – Display results on screen when Ident > Show Results is active (when in fringe mode)

Smooth Shade – Use smooth shading

Record Message – Write messages to lspost.msg


Geometry MenuReference Geometry – Access tools for creating and editing reference geometry (Axis, Plane, Coordinate System, and Point)

Curve – Access tools for creating and editing curves (Point, Line Circle Circular Arc Ellipse Elliptical Arc BSpline CurveLine, Circle, Circular Arc, Ellipse, Elliptical Arc, BSpline Curve, Helix, Composite Curve, Break Curve, Merge Curve, Bridge Edge, Smooth Curve, Middle Curve, Morphing Curve, Fillet Curve)

Surface – Access tools for creating and editing surfaces (Plane, Cylinder, Cone, Sphere, Torus, Fill Plane, Extrude, Revolve, Sweep, Loft, N‐Side Surface, Patch Surface, Bridge Two Faces, C bi F Fi F P i /M h Middl S f S fCombine Faces, Fit From Points/Mesh, Middle Surface, Surface Morphing)

Solid – Access tools for creating and editing solids (Box, Cylinder Cone Sphere Torus Extrude Revolve Sweep LoftCylinder, Cone, Sphere, Torus, Extrude, Revolve, Sweep, Loft, Fillet, Chamfer, Draft, Thicken, Wedge, Boolean)

Geometry Tools – Access other geometry tools (Delete Face, Extend Curve, Extend Face, Intersection, Offset, Project, jReplace Face, Stitch Faces, Trim Transform, Copy Entity, Management, Heal, Topology Simplify, Measure)


FEM MenuElement and Mesh – Access mesh creation tools (Shape Mesher, Auto Mesher, Solid Mesher, Block Mesher, N‐Line Mesher, Tetrahedral Mesher, Blank Mesher, Element Generation Node Editing Element Editing Mass TrimmingGeneration, Node Editing, Element, Editing, Mass Trimming, Spot Welding, SPH Generation)

Model and Part – Access model and part tools (Assembly and Select Part, Keyword Manager, Create Entity, Display Entity, Reference Check, Renumber, Section Plane, Model Selection, Subsystem Manager, Group, View, Part Color, Appearance, Annotation, Split Window, Explode, Lighting Setup)

El T l A l l (Id if Fi d Bl kElement Tools – Access element tools (Identify, Find, Blank, Move or Copy, Offset, Transform, Normals, Detach, Measure, Morph, Smooth, Part Trim, Part Travel)

Post – Access post‐processing tools (Fringe Component FringePost Access post‐processing tools (Fringe Component, Fringe Range, History, XY Plot, ASCII, Binary Output, Follow, Trace, State, Particle, Circle Grid, Chain Model, FLD, Output, Setting, Vector)

Favorites – Customizable toolbar (see Setting → Toolbar Manager)


Application MenuAirbag Folding

Dummy Positioning

Seatbelt Fitting

Metal Forming

Roller Hemming

ALE Setup

Model Checking

Intrusion Measurements

Head Impact Positioning

Granular Flow Setup

Airbag Impact Setup

Media

Sled Creation

Drop Test

Curve Gen


Setting MenuCurrent Subsystem ID – Set current subsystem ID

Current Working Directory – Set current working directory

Configuration Settings – Set configuration settings

Toolbar Manager – Customize toolbars


Help MenuDocument – View LS‐PrePost documentation

Tutorial – View LS‐PrePost tutorials

Old to New – View mapping between old (v2.4) and new (v3.0) GUI

Release Notes – View release notes

Check for Update – Check server for new version of LS‐PrePost

About LS‐PrePost – View version info


Bottom Toolbar

Opti Toggle Title, Legend, Min‐Max, Time Stamp, Triad,

Background Color, Mesh Color, and Performance Stats on/off

ShfCtr Toggle Off/Shift/Ctrl (for one‐handed rotate/pan/zoom)

Clear Clear all picked or highlighted information

HidEle Display elements with hidden lines removed

ShaEle Display elements in shaded mode with mesh lines off

VieEle Display elements in plain color mode

Wi El Di l l t i i f d

AutCen Automatically center model to fit within window

ZoIn Zoom in, click and drag to draw a box

Zout Zoom out to previous zoom position

Pcen Pick node as new center point for model rotation

VCrd View coordinate systemsWirEle Display elements in wireframe mode

Feat Display elements in feature line mode (default angle=30°)Edge Display elements in edge line mode

Grid Display each nodal point as a colored pixel

Mesh Toggle element mesh on/off

VCrd View coordinate systems

Top Choose Top, Bottom, Front, Back, Right, or Left view

Angle Left‐click to reverse rotation direction

Right‐click to modify rotation angle

Shrink Draw elements in shrunken mode (default=0.85)

Frin Toggle Fringe/Line‐contours/Iso‐surfaces

Unref Toggle unreferenced nodes on/off

Ed G Di l t i h d d d ith d

Rotate Left‐click to rotate about axis shown

Right‐click to switch rotation axis (X/Y/Z)

Persp Toggle Parallel/Perspective view mode

ActAll Restore all entities to be active

BacCol Toggle background color black/white (Plain background mode only)EdgGeo Display geometry in shaded mode with edges on

ShaGeo Display geometry in shaded mode with edges off

WirGeo Display geometry in wireframe mode

BacCol Toggle background color black/white (Plain background mode only)

Anim Display animation controls or start/stop animation

SelPart Launch Assembly and Select Part interface

ResPart Restore the last removed part (Shift+R)

Plot Open XY plot management interface


General OperationsGeneral Operations


Model → Assembly and Select PartPurpose: turn parts on/off (on=“active”)

Parts listed by PID and name (or element type)

Top drop‐down menu selects current model

Parts can be turned on/off by element type

Parts can be selected by Single/Area/Polygon(use Rm/Kp to remove/keep)

Active parts can be Saved/Loaded from buffers

Selected displays active parts only in list

Info button launches Part Information interface for active parts

SortBy button launches Part Sort interface


Model → Selection → SelectPurpose: switch between loaded models, view multiple

models, perform keyword comparison

l d l l d d l( )Select – display selected model(s)

Trans – translate a model (for visualization only, f l f id b id i ti )useful for side‐by‐side animation)

Remove – unload a model

I f h d lInfo – show model summary


Model → Selection → ComparePurpose: compare two similar LS‐DYNA keyword input

files that have minor differences

d k d d l k hDisregards keyword order, unlike other compare/difference software

N li d t t i diff b lNormalizes data to ignore differences below a certain tolerance

Provides a summary only when a large number ofProvides a summary only when a large number of differences are detected


Model → GroupsPurpose: create part groups

Groups are automatically generated for all * h h d l*SET_PART that exist in the model

Create – create a new group from active parts

Select – load the selected group

Add – add a group to the current display

Subtract – subtract a group from the current display

Save – save groups to an ASCII file

Load – load groups from file(Save and Load effective for presentations)

Or, And, Xor – used for Adding groups

Auto Center – automatically center the selected group


Model → ViewsPurpose: create views (based on color, appearance,

orientation, and active parts)

Create – create a new view

Select – load the selected view

Delete – delete the selected view

Save – save views to a binary file

Load – load views from file


Model → AppearancePurpose: modify the appearance of parts

Parts can be selected by Single/Area/Polygon

Each selected part will have the selected rendering options applied

Thick – draw shells with true thickness

Sphere – draw solid part nodes as spheres (for EFG)

AllVis – selected rendering options are applied to all active parts

R d b di bl d hil i ARender buttons are disabled while using Appear interface


Model → Part ColorPurpose: modify part color and transparency

Set/Show colors for parts or other entities (b k d h l b l )(background, text, mesh, labels)

Sky, Middle, Ground refer to background( h Vi > B k d > T iF d i l t d)(when View > Background > TriFade is selected)

Select color from palette or mix new color using RBG

F i l l b h dFringe colors can also be changed


Model → AnnotationPurpose: annotate Graphics and XY‐Plot windows

Position – interactively position text

Arrow – add fixed arrow

Nd Arrow – add arrow tied to node location

Move – move annotations

Text size, color, and orientation can be adjusted

Annotations can be saved to / loaded from a file


Model → ExplodePurpose: separate (explode) parts for better

visualization

l f fFactor – scale factor for parts movement

Direction – direction for part movement

All – explode all parts

Part – explode selected parts only

PtGroup – explode a group of parts (defined using Page 1: Group)


Model → Lighting SetupPurpose: adjust model and material lighting

Light – adjust model lights• 2 lights are on by default

Front – position (0.0, 0.0, 1.0)

Back position (0 0 0 0 1 0)Back – position (0.0, 0.0, ‐1.0)

• Up to 8 more can be activated

• The following properties can be adjusted for eachg p p j

Ambient

Diffuse

Specular

Position

Material adjust material lightingMaterial – adjust material lighting


FEM General SelectionPick Select a single entity

Area Select using a rectangular window

Poly Select using an irregular polygon

Sel1 Pick 1 entity (only 1 will be in buffer)

Adjacent Select adjacent elements

Attach Select attached elements

Clear Clear selection

Save Save selection to buffer

Sphe Select entities within a sphere

Box Select entities within a box

Prox Select entities within proximity to a part

Circ Select entities within a circle

Load Load selection from buffer

Deselect Undo last selection

Whole Select all entities in model

Visible Select all visible entities

Reverse Reverse selectionCirc Select entities within a circle

Frin Select entities within a fringe plot range

Plan Select entities within a plane

In Select entities inside Area/Poly

Reverse Reverse selection

ByNode Select nodes

ByElem Select elements

ByPart Select parts

Out Select entities outside Area/Poly

Add Add entities to a selection set

Rm Remove entities to a selection set

ID Manually key‐in entity IDs

BySet Set based selection

ByEdge Edge based selection

BySegm Segment based selection

Point Select points

Curve Select LinesID Manually key‐in entity IDs

Label Turn label on/off for new selection

3Dsurf Select outer surface (solids only)

Prop Propagate selection (pick seed)

Curve Select Lines

Surface Select surfaces

Adap Propagate across adaptive elements

Ang Feature angle for propagation


Element Tools → IdentifyPurpose: identify nodes/elements/parts

Uses General Selection interface

Entity types:• Node, Element, Part, Curve, Surface, Particle, constrained

nodal rigid body (cnrb)nodal rigid body (cnrb)

Element types:• Shell Solid Beam TShell SPH Mass Discrete SeatbeltShell, Solid, Beam, TShell, SPH, Mass, Discrete, Seatbelt,

Inertia, Any

Can key in xyz coordinates to show position

Can show node/element results

Can show element directions (shell and beam)

Can show orthotropic material directions

Maximum number of IDs that can be shown is 12800


Element Tools → BlankPurpose: temporarily hide or “mask” elements

Uses General Selection interface

Entity types:• Node, Element, CNRB, Curve, Surface, Particle

Element types:• Shell, Solid, Beam, TShell, SPH, Mass, Discrete, Seatbelt,

Inertia AnyInertia, Any

UnBlank Part – click to restore partially hidden parts

Auto Apply – blank automatically (no need to clickAuto Apply blank automatically (no need to click Apply button)

Auto Update – update display of solid surfaces andAuto Update update display of solid surfaces and edges automatically (no need to click Update Surf or Update Edge)


Element Tools → FindPurpose: find nodes/elements/parts/Cnrb

Find any element by ID or specified type

Show Only – shows found entity by itself

Highlight – highlights found entity

Neighbors – propagates to neighboring elements

UnblankAll – turns on all elements and parts

UnblankPart – turns on all elements in part that found node/element belongs to


Workshop 1pGeneral Operations


Workshop 1Load and view an LS‐DYNA Keyword file...

Launch a new session of LS‐PrePost

File > Open > LS‐DYNA Keyword( l / k h /b l d k)(select /workshop1/belted.k)

Click View in the Keyword Reader Error interface

Click Done in the Message interface

Use Shift + Left Click to rotate the model

Click the Auto Center (AutCen) render button (or hit Ctrl+A)

Cli k h M h / Hid / Vi /Wi / F / Ed /Click the Mesh / Hide / View / Wire / Feature / Edge / Shrink / BacCol render buttons

Use the part selection interface...

Go toModel→ Assembly and Part (SelPart) and selectGo to Model → Assembly and Part (SelPart) and select individual parts from the list

Use Ctrl + Left Click to select multiple parts

Click All to display all partsClick All to display all parts

Toggle Beam / Shell / Solid / Disc / SBelt


Workshop 1 (continued...)Create a part group...

Go to Model → Groups

Click Create (all displayed parts will be saved to “Group_43”)

Go to Model → Assembly and Part (SelPart) and manually turn on some other parts


Select “Group_43” from the list and click Select

Identify nodes and elements...

Turn on the mesh (using the Mesh render button)

Go to Element Tools → Identify

Select Node in the Identify interface and pick some nodes in the model to display their IDs

Select Element in the Identify interface and pick some elements

Toggle Elem Dir to display the N1 to N2 direction

Click the Clear render button to clear all highlighted entities


Workshop 1 (continued...)Modify part appearance...

Go to Model → Appearance

Select any one of the drawing modes Hide / Edge / Shad / Wire

Pick some parts in the model

Toggle Thick in the Appearance interface and click AllVis

Click the Zoom In render button (or hit Ctrl+Z) and zoom in on a shell part to verify that thickness is displayed

Blank some elements...

Go to Element Tools → Blank

Select Area in the General Selection interface and draw a box to blank some elements

Click Reverse in the General Selection interface

Click Unblank All in the Blank interface

Click the Assembly and Part (SelPart) render button

Select “88 PSHELL” from the list, click the Auto Center (AutCen) d b tt d li k D i th A bl d P t i t frender button, and click Done in the Assembly and Part interface

Toggle Prop (propagate) in the General Selection interface, select Ang: 15, and pick an element on the front of the torso

Click Unblank AllClick Unblank All


Workshop 1 (continued...)Create a view...

Go to Model → Views

Click Create (the current view will be saved as “View_01”)

Rotate the model and click Create again

Select “View_01” from the list and click Select

Click the ActAll render button to display the entire model

Find a node and element...

Go to Element Tools → Find and select Show Only

Enter 1439 in the text field and click Find

Click Neighbors several times

Select Node in the Find

Enter 5340 in the text field and click Find

Click Neighbors several times

Click the Clear render button

Go to Model → Assembly and Part (SelPart)y ( )

Click All

Go to Element Tools → Blank

Click Unblank All


Workshop 1 (continued...)Modify color and transparency...

Go to Model → Part Color (PtColor)

Select Transparency

Pick the roof of the structure and adjust the slider

Select Pick Through and pick through the roof to make some additional components transparent

Select Pick Toggle and pick the roof again to make it opaque

Click AllVis and drag the slider to the far left

S l C lSelect Color

Pick a part and adjust its color using the RGB sliders

Select Set and pick some additional parts

Select any color from color map

Click Backg (only works when View > Background > Plain is selected)


Workshop 1 (continued...)Compare a set of LS‐DYNA Keyword files...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Keyword( l / k h / /b l d k)(select /workshop1/compare/belted1.k)

File > Open > LS‐DYNA Keyword(select /workshop1/compare/belted2.k)

G t M d l→ S l tiGo to Model → Selection

Select Compare

Click in the 1st Model field and select model 1

Cli k i h 2 d M d l fi ld d l d l 2Click in the 2nd Model field and select model 2

Click Compare


Workshop 1 (continued...)Compare a set of LS‐DYNA Keyword files...

Select the Common Keywords tab

Examine the RED items to identify differences


Mesh GenerationMesh Generation


Mesh → Shape MesherPurpose: mesh basic geometries

Box_Solid, Box_Shell – define min/max coordinates d h dand mesh density

4N‐Shell – define 4 corners and mesh density

Sphere_Solid, Sphere_Shell – define center, radius, and mesh density (quarter circle)

C li d S lid C li d Sh ll d fi tCylinder_Solid, Cylinder_Shell – define center, direction, radius, length and mesh density (if number of elements in circumferential direction is multiple ofof elements in circumferential direction is multiple of 4, butterfly mesh will be create)

Circle Shell – define outer radius, inner radius (if _ , (hole is desired), angle (to create an arc), mesh density, and normal direction


Create Position InterfacePurpose: define an XYZ location

By picking a position

By picking a node

At an element center

At an edge midpoint

At the average center of nodes or elements

At the center of a circle

New *NODE can be created


Create Direction InterfacePurpose: define a direction

By picking 2 positions

By picking 2 nodes

Along an element edge

Along an element normal

Direction can be rotated about global or local coordinate system

New *DEFINE_VECTOR can be created


Mesh → Auto Mesher (Size)Size mode creates uniformly sized elements

General meshing procedure...• Select surfaces to be meshed

• Enter average element size

• Click Mesh• Click Mesh

• Click Accept


Mesh → Auto Mesher (Deviation)Deviation mode is tool mesher for metal stamping applications

d ll l dDeviation mode creates small elements on curved surfaces and large elements on flat surfaces


Mesh → Solid MesherSolid meshing by blocks

Uses cut & dice method followed by sweeping

Define cutting planesDefine cutting planes on geometry

Cut and triminto smallblocks

Sweep block faces to form hex elements


Mesh → N‐Line MesherPurpose: create mesh from 2/3/4 lines

2 Line Shell – create mesh between 2 lines

3 Line Shell – create mesh between 3 lines

4 Line Shell – create mesh between 4 lines• Enter number of elements on each edge

• Or enter element size

• Or use points on lines to create elements• Or use points on lines to create elements

Line Sweep – sweep one line along another line


Mesh → Tetrahedron MesherPurpose: create solid elements (tets) inside an enclosed

shell volume

l “ k ” dLimitation: only 1 “skin” part is accepted

Requirement: skin normals must be aligned

Skin can be remeshed to give better solid tet mesh

10‐node tets can also be created

Solid tet mesh can be translated in space


Workshop 2pMesh Generation


Workshop 2Create a solid cylinder and a shell cylinder...


Go to Mesh → Shape Mesher

Select Entity: Cylinder_Solid

Enter Radius: 5, Length: 10,Num Ele (Circumferential): 32, Num (Length): 20

Enter XYZ: 0,0,1 for position

Click dirz (set direction to 0,0,1)

Click Create and Accept

Select Entity: Cylinder_Shell

Enter Num Ele: 30 (leave other parameters unchanged)

Enter XYZ: 0,0,‐1 for position

Click dirz again (changes direction to 0,0,‐1)

Activate Top And Bottom



Rotate the model such that you can see the cross‐section of both cylinders(note the different cross‐sectional mesh of the two parts)


Workshop 2 (continued...)Create a mesh from 4 lines...


File > Open > IGES File( l / k h / l h i )(select /workshop2/test_4lmesh_curves.igs)

Click OK in the IGES Read Options popup

Go to Mesh → N‐Line Mesher

Select Type: 4 Line Shell

Pick the longest curve

Pick the remaining curves in clockwise order

Enter N1: 24 (and hit Enter)




Click Mesh It and Accept


Workshop 2 (continued...)Sweep one line along another...


File > Open > IGES File( l / k h / li i )(select /workshop2/sweep_lines.igs)



Select Type: Line Sweep

Select Mesh By: Points of Line

Pick the square line

Pick the attached curve



Workshop 2 (continued...)Sweep one line along another...

Go to Curve → Circle

Select Method: Parameters

Click the “.” button next to Origin Point X

Select Geometry in the Create Position interface

Pick the endpoint of the remaining curve

Enter Direction X Y Z: 1 0 0

Enter Radius: 50 and click Apply


Select Mesh By: Number of elements

Pick the circle and click the up arrow several times to increase N1

Pick the curve and click the up arrow several times to increase N2

Click New PID



Workshop 2 (continued...)Auto mesh an IGES file using Amesh...


File > Open > IGES File( l / k h /b i )(select /workshop2/bar5.igs)


Go to Mesh → Auto Mesher

Select Size

Enter Elem Size: 5

Click Visible in the General Select interface

Click Mesh

Click Accept

Click the Wireframe (mesh) render button

Click the Wireframe (geom) render button


Workshop 2 (continued...)Create a hollow cylinder using the block mesher...


Go to Mesh → Block Mesher

Select Type: Butterfly Blocks

Enter Length: 20

Enter L: 10

Activate Is Tubal

Enter Inner R: 4

Click Create

Rotate the model and note the synchronization between the main window and Computation Window

Highlight (by clicking and dragging over) the faces, lines, and vertices in the Computation Window to see how the 4 blocks are assembled to form the cylinder

Click Accept


Workshop 2 (continued...)Mesh a part using the solid mesher...


File > Open > STEP File( l / k h /k kl )(select /workshop2/knuckle.stp)

Go to Geometry Tool → Heal(to remove unnecessary vertices)

S l t V tSelect Vertex

Select Remove

Click Analysis (see figure)

Cli k A lClick Apply

Go to Geometry Tool → Simplify

Select Fillet Surface Remove

Pick the small surfaces (see figure)

Click Apply



Go to Reference Geometry → Plane

Select Method: Normal to Curve

Pick an edge and a vertex to define a trimming plane (see figure)

Click Apply

Repeat 3 times(to create a total of 4 trimming planes)



Go to Geometry Tool → Trim

Select Cut Solid

Click in the Trim Tool box

Pick a trim plane

Click in the Be Trimmed Solid box

Pick the solid part

Click Apply

Repeat 4 times(to trim the solid into a total of 6 parts)



Go to Geometry Tool → Heal(to remove duplicated faces)

lSelect Face

Click Analysis

Click Apply

Go to Geometry Tool → Stitch

Activate All Faces

Activate Non‐manifold Mode

Deactivate Group by Part

Click Apply



Right‐click RefGeom under Assembly 1 in the feature tree (upper left corner of main window) and select Reverse BlankReverse Blank

Go to Mesh → Solid Mesher(to suppress unwanted boundaries)

Select SuppressSelect Suppress

Pick unwanted boundary lines(see dashed lines in figure)

SelectMeshingSelect Meshing

Enter Elem Size: 1.2

Click Try Meshing Automatically

Click AcceptClick Accept


Pre ProcessingPre‐Processing


Mesh → Element EditingPurpose: modify an existing mesh by editing elements

Element Editing Tools• Check (quality)

• Create (beam, shell, tetra, penta, hexa, discrete)

• Delete• Delete

• Split / Merge

• Modify (thickness)y ( )

• Direction (change for orthotropic materials)


Mesh → Element Editing (Split/Merge)Shell elements can be split into quads or trias(*CONSTRAINED_ADAPTIVITY automatically created when splitting deformable elements)when splitting deformable elements)

Two quads can be merged into a single quad

S lid l t l b litSolid elements can also be split


Mesh → Node EditingPurpose: modify an existing mesh by editing nodes

Node Editing Tools• Identify

• Create

• Delete (unreferenced)• Delete (unreferenced)

• Replace

• Aligng

• Modify (xyz coordinates)


Mesh → Node Editing (Align)Define line by picking two points

Select nodes that will be snapped to the line

Option to use Nodes or Point on Element


Mesh → Node Editing (Replace)Two nodes replacement• Merge two nodes into one

O ti t h fi l iti f d d• Option to choose final position of merged node(Node1, Node2, MidPoint)

• Single pick or area selectg p

Multiple (Many) nodes replacement• Merge multiple nodes into one

• Option to choose final position of merged node(Center, Node, Position)

• General Selection interface used to select nodes• General Selection interface used to select nodes


Element Tools → NormalsPurpose: show/reverse/align element normals

Shell color indicates direction of normals

General Selection interface can be used to manually show or reverse normal vectors

Automatic alignment (Auto Reverse) can be performed by picking a “seed” element


Element Tools → DetachPurpose: detach elements from an existing mesh

Shell, Beam, Solid, Tshell – detach elements by type

Node – detach all elements connected to a node

Element – Select group of elements to be detached

Edge – Select edges of elements to be detached

Starting NID – Enter starting ID for new nodes


Element Tools → Duplicate NodesPurpose: show and merge duplicate (coincident) nodes

Tolerance is automatically calculated but can be ddoverridden

Click Show Dup Nodes then Merge Dup Nodes

Option to keep smaller or larger Node ID

Option to put new node at the xyz centroid of all d dmerged nodes

Option to delete degenerated elements (elements with zero area)with zero area)


Mesh → Element Generation (Beam)Purpose: create beam elements

On an edge

On a curve

By dragging nodes

By spinning nodes

Along shell diagonals


Mesh → Element Generation (Shell)Purpose: create shell elements

On all outer surfaces of a solid

On individual solid faces

By dragging an edge

By spinning an edge

By extending an edge

By dragging a curve

By spinning a curve

From a segment set

By filling holes


Mesh → Element Generation (Solid)Purpose: create solid elements

By dragging shells

By offsetting shells

By spinning shells

Using shell thickness

By sweeping shells along a path

Between two shells sets(must have identical mesh connectivity)

4‐noded tet to 10‐noded tet

Hex to 4‐noded tet


Workshop 3pPre‐Processing


Workshop 3Merge duplicate nodes...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Keyword (select /workshop3/badmesh.k)

Go to Element Tools → Duplicate Nodes and turn on the mesh (using the Mesh render button)

Activate Show Free Edges

Click Show Dup Nodes (see upper right figure)

Click Merge Dup Nodes

Click Accept

Enter Tolerance: 1.0

Click Show, Merge, and Accept

Replace nodes...

Go to Mesh → Node Editing

Select Replace

Select Area and MidPoint

Select two nodes at a time for merging (by drawing a window)

Click Accept

Repeat until all internal free edges have been eliminated


Workshop 3 (continued...)Create a tria element...

Go to Mesh → Element Editing

Select Create

Select Elem Type: Shell

Activate PID and pick the part

Activate Tria Only

Pick the 3 nodes to fill the final gap in the part

Click Accept

Align nodes along a line...


Select Align

Click the Right render button

Click the Zoom In render button and zoom in as shown

Pick 2 nodes to form a line

Pick the nodes in between

Click Align

Click Accept


Workshop 3 (continued...)Split elements...


Select Split/Merge

Pick the elements around the hole as shown

Click Apply

Click Accept

Fill a hole...

Go to Mesh → Element Generation

Select Shell

Select Shell By: Fill_Holes

Pick any node on the perimeter of the hole

Click Create

Click Accept


Workshop 3 (continued...)Align shell normals...

Go to Element Tools → Normals

Select Show Normals (should be already selected)

Click Visible in the General Selection interface

Select Vector Size: 0.5

Select Auto Reverse

Activate Pick Seed

Pick any element that is red

Click AutoRev

Click Done

Save the modified input file...

File > Save As > Save Keyword As...

Click Browse

Enter a file name (save as /workshop3/newmesh.k)

Click Save


Pre‐Processingg(continued…)


Application → Model CheckingPurpose: identify and clean unreferenced or undefined entities


Model → Display EntityPurpose: visualize model entities (keywords) other than

nodes and elements (which are displayed by default)

l bl l dAvailable options include…• *BOUNDARY_{OPTION}

• *CONSTRAINED {OPTION}• *CONSTRAINED_{OPTION}

• *INITIAL_VELOCITY_{OPTION}

• *LOAD_{OPTION}_{ }

• *RIGIDWALL_{OPTION}

• *SET_{OPTION}

Use while post‐processing by loading d3plots followed by the corresponding keyword file


Model → Reference Check (Attach)Purpose: identify entities that are attached to other

model entities

l h b ll bl l dInitial attachment set can be all visible or as selected (using General Selection interface)

Att h t t B P t B El tAttachment set can grow By Part or By Element

Final attachment set can be written to a file


Model → RenumberPurpose: renumber and offset model entities

By Keyword – Entities can be renumbered/offset by dKeyword

• ID range can be specified

• Entities can be picked using the General Selection interface• Entities can be picked using the General Selection interface

By Part – Parts/Elements/Nodes can be renumbered/offset by Partrenumbered/offset by Part

By Selected – Parts/Elements/Nodes can be renumbered/offset by Selected/ y


Element Tools → Move/CopyPurpose: move or copy elements from one part to

another

l l f l lUse General Selection interface to select elements

Target part can be a non‐existent

Starting IDs for new elements and nodes can be specified when performing a copy


Element Tools → OffsetPurpose: offset shells (always in normal direction)

Offset Distance – distance to offset

Element normals must be aligned before offsetting

Beware of offsetting small radii inward

Elements can be copied while offsetting


Element Tools→ Transform (Translate)Purpose: translate nodes/elements/parts

Translate Distance – distance to translate

X,Y,Z directions can be in global or local coordinates

N1‐N2 – translate in the direction from N1 to N2

N1‐N2‐N3 – translate in the direction normal to the plane formed by N1, N2, and N3

N1‐to‐N2 – translate using the distance and direction between N1 and N2

P P l i h di d di iPt‐to‐Pt – translate using the distance and direction between P1 and P2

Sh Normal pick a shell element and use its normalSh‐Normal – pick a shell element and use its normal as the direction of the translation


Element Tools→ Transform (Translate)Copy Elem – copy elements while translating

Copy Node – copy nodes while translating

Transfer – transfer selection to copied elements

Multiple copies can be created

New elements can be placed in a new part ID

User can enter starting element ID for new elements

User can enter starting node ID for new nodes


Element Tools→ Transform (Rotate)Purpose: rotate nodes/elements/parts

Rot. Angle – angle to rotate

X,Y,Z axes can be in global or local coordinates

N1‐N2 – rotate about an axis from N1 to N2

N1‐N2‐N3 – rotate about the normal formed by N1, N2, and N3

Origin of rotation can be a node or an XYZ location

Elements/Nodes can be copied while rotating


Element Tools→ Transform (Reflect)Purpose: reflect nodes/elements/parts

Norm X/Y/Z – reflect along global axes

N1‐N2 – reflect along the direction from N1 to N2

N1‐N2‐N3 – reflect along the normal formed by N1, N2, and N3

Origin of reflection can be a node or an XYZ location

Elements/Nodes can be copied while reflecting


Element Tools→ Transform (Project)Purpose: project nodes and elements

Norm X/Y/Z – project along global axes

N1‐N2 – project along the direction from N1 to N2

N1‐N2‐N3 – project along the normal formed by N1, N2, and N3

Can also project To Mesh, To Curve, or To Surface

Point on plane of projection can be a node or an XYZ location

El b i d hil j iElements can be copied while projecting


Element Tools→ Transform (Scale)Purpose: scale nodes/elements/parts

Scale Factor – greater than 1 to enlarge, less than 1 h k ( h l )to shrink (when using Scale Up)

X,Y,Z – scale in any combination of global directions

N1‐N2 – scale in direction from N1 to N2

N1‐N2‐N3 – scale in direction of normal formed by N1 N2 d N3N1, N2, and N3

Origin can be a node or an XYZ location

El /N d b i d hil liElements/Nodes can be copied while scaling


Element Tools→ Transform (Transform)Purpose: transform nodes/elements/parts from one

coordinate system to another

k d (f f ) d fFrom – pick 3 nodes (first set of P1,P2,P3) to define a starting system

T i k 3 d ( d t f P1 P2 P3) t d fiTo – pick 3 nodes (second set of P1,P2,P3) to define a destination system

P1 P3 buttons launch Create Position interfaceP1‐P3 buttons launch Create Position interface

Elements can be copied while transforming


Element Tools → SmoothPurpose: smooth a mesh to improve element quality

Use General Selection interface to select elements

Specified nodes can be locked to prevent movement

Nodes along feature angles are not moved

Boundary nodes can be fixed or free

User specified number of smoothing iterations can be applied

Nodes can be projected back to geometry after hismoothing


Element Tools → Part TrimPurpose: trim a mesh using a curve

Parts – first, choose the parts to be trimmed

Trim Curves – second, select curves for trimming

Trim Methods (projecting curves to mesh)...• Closest 3D projection

• Vector projection (along a specified vector)


Workshop 4pMesh Transformation


Workshop 4Create nodes at circle centers...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Keyword( l / k h / b k)(select /workshop4/tube1.k)

Click the Wire render button


Select Create

Click Advanced

Select 3PtCircle in the Create Position interface

At one end of the large tube, pick 3 nodes on the perimeter and click Apply

Repeat for the other end of the large tube and both ends of the small t beends of the small tube

Click Cancel in the Create Position interface

Click Accept


Workshop 4 (continued...)Transform a mesh...

Go to Element Tools → Transform

Select Transform

Activate From

Pick one center node of the small tube (as P1)

Pick the other center node of the small tube (as P2)

Pick any node on the end of the tube near P1 (as P3)

Activate To and repeat the same for the large tube(P1‐P3 must be picked in a similar sequence)

Select ByPart in the General Selection interface

Pick the small tube

Click Save→ To Buffer → Buffer5 in the General Selection interface

Click Transform

Click Accept


Workshop 4 (continued...)Translate a mesh...


Select Translate

Select Direction: N1‐N2

Pick both center nodes of the large tube(to define Node1 and Node2)

Enter Translate Distance: 20

Click Load→ From Buffer → Buffer5 in the General Selection interface

Cli k TClick Tran +

Click Accept

Save the modified input file...


Click Browse

Enter a file name (save as /workshop4/newtube.k)

Click Save


Pre‐Processingg(continued…)


Model → Part DataShow – Show / Delete / Write part data• Parts can be selected using Pick / Area / Poly or from the list

N b f d d l t d Mi /M ID h• Number of nodes and elements and Min/Max IDs are shown


Model → Part DataCre – Create new part definitions• NewID – take existing data and create new part ID

Add t t ith d t (SECID MID t )• Add – create new part with no data (SECID, MID, etc...)


Model → Part DataMod – Modify existing part definitions• Changes can be made to one part at a time


Model → Part DataAssign – Assign properties to parts• Changes can be made any number of parts at once

E t fi ld t i d• Empty fields are not assigned


Model → Part DataProp – Review part properties (Section, Material, Hourglass, …)• Modify – open a keyword input form for editing

R fB h ll t th t f th l t d t• RefBy – show all parts that reference the selected property


Model → Create Entity→ Set DataShow *SET_{OPTION}

Create *SET_{OPTION}• OPTIONS – NODE, BEAM, DISCRETE, PART,

SEGMENT, SHELL, SOLID, THICK SHELL

• Select entities using General Selection interfaceSelect entities using General Selection interface

Modify *SET_{OPTION}• Sets must be shown before they can be modifiedy

Delete *SET_{OPTION}

Write *SET {OPTION} to a file_{ }


Boundary → SpcShow *BOUNDARY_SPC_{OPTION}• Label – None/Symbol/Detail

L l di t t ill b h if d• Local coordinate systems will be shown if used

• Match – Filter by constrained DOFs

Create *BOUNDARY SPC {OPTION}Create BOUNDARY_SPC_{OPTION}• OPTIONS – NODE, NODE_SET

• Use General Selection interface to select nodes

• Activate constrained DOFs

• Use global or local coordinate system

Modify *BOUNDARY_SPC_{OPTION}

Delete *BOUNDARY_SPC_{OPTION}


Initial → VelocityShow *INITIAL_VELOCITY

Create *INITIAL_VELOCITY• For *INITIAL_VELOCITY_NODE only


M dif *INITIAL VELOCITYModify *INITIAL_VELOCITY

Delete *INITIAL_VELOCITY


Rigidwall → RigidwallShow *RIGIDWALL_{OPTION}

Create *RIGIDWALL_{OPTION}• OPTIONS – GEOMETRIC, PLANAR

• Select geometry type(cylinder/flat/prism/sphere)(cylinder/flat/prism/sphere)

• Activate additional planar options (finite/forces/moving/ortho)

• Define position and normal direction

Modify *RIGIDWALL_{OPTION}

Delete *RIGIDWALL_{OPTION}


Database → Cross SectionShow *DATABASE_CROSS_SECTION_{OPTION}

Create *DATABASE_CROSS_SECTION_{OPTION}• OPTIONS – PLANE, SET

• Define position and normal direction

M dif *DATABASE CROSS SECTION {OPTION}Modify *DATABASE_CROSS_SECTION_{OPTION}

Delete *DATABASE_CROSS_SECTION_{OPTION}


Database → HistoryShow *DATABASE_HISTORY_{OPTION}

Create *DATABASE_HISTORY_{OPTION}• OPTIONS – NODES, BEAM, SHELL, SOLID, SPH, TSHELL

• Use General Selection interface to select entities

M dif *DATABASE HISTORY {OPTION}Modify *DATABASE_HISTORY_{OPTION}

Delete *DATABASE_HISTORY_{OPTION}


Define → BoxShow *DEFINE_BOX_{OPTION}

Create *DEFINE_BOX_{OPTION}• OPTIONS – ADAPITVE, COARSEN

• Define box extents

• Translate or scale box• Translate or scale box

Modify *DEFINE_BOX_{OPTION}

Delete *DEFINE BOX {OPTION}Delete DEFINE_BOX_{OPTION}


Define → VectorShow *DEFINE_VECTOR

Create *DEFINE_VECTOR• Define origin and direction

Modify *DEFINE_VECTOR

Delete *DEFINE_VECTOR


Define → Coordinate SystemShow *DEFINE_COORINATE_{OPTION}

Create *DEFINE_COORINATE_{OPTION}• OPTIONS – NODES, SYSTEM, VECTOR

• Define title

• Pick nodes or define vectors• Pick nodes or define vectors

• Set additional parameters

• Modify an existing coordinate systemy g y

Modify *DEFINE_COORINATE_{OPTION}

Delete *DEFINE COORINATE {OPTION}_ _{ }


Element → Seatbelt AccelerometerShow *ELEMENT_SEATBELT_ACCELEROMETER

Create *ELEMENT_SEATBELT_ACCELEROMETER• Pick N1‐N3

• Set other flags

M dif *ELEMENT SEATBELT ACCELEROMETERModify *ELEMENT_SEATBELT_ACCELEROMETER

Delete *ELEMENT_SEATBELT_ACCELEROMETER


Element → MassShow *ELEMENT_MASS• Label – Mass Value/Mass ID/Detail/None

*Create *ELEMENT_MASS• Use General Selection interface to select nodes

• Enter mass value• Enter mass value

• Activate PID option

Modify *ELEMENT MASSModify ELEMENT_MASS

Delete *ELEMENT_MASS


Constrained → SpotweldShow *CONSTRAINED_SPOTWELD

Create *CONSTRAINED_SPOTWELD• Use Autocreate to create when N2 is picked

• Enter failure criteria

M dif *CONSTRAINED SPOTWELDModify *CONSTRAINED_SPOTWELD

Delete *CONSTRAINED_SPOTWELD

CD l t ( h k d d l t ) i lid t ldCDelete (check and delete) invalid spotwelds


Constrained → Generalized Weld SpotShow *CONSTRAINED_GEN_WELD_SPOT

Create *CONSTRAINED_GEN_WELD_SPOT• Use General Selection interface to select nodes

• Click EditPara to define failure parameters

M dif *CONSTRAINED GEN WELD SPOTModify *CONSTRAINED_GEN_WELD_SPOT

Delete *CONSTRAINED_GEN_WELD_SPOT


Constrained → Tied Nodes FailureShow *CONSTRAINED_TIED_NODES_FAILURE

Create *CONSTRAINED_TIED_NODES_FAILURE• Use General Selection interface to select nodes

• Enter failure strain

M dif *CONSTRAINED TIED NODES FAILUREModify *CONSTRAINED_TIED_NODES_FAILURE

Delete *CONSTRAINED_TIED_NODES_FAILURE


Constrained → RivetShow *CONSTRAINED_RIVET

Create *CONSTRAINED_RIVET• Use Autocreate to create when N2 is picked

• Enter death (failure) time

M dif *CONSTRAINED RIVETModify *CONSTRAINED_RIVET

Delete *CONSTRAINED_RIVET


Constrained → Node SetShow *CONSTRAINED_NODE_SET

Create *CONSTRAINED_NODE_SET• Use General Selection interface to select nodes

• Set active DOF

• Enter death (failure) time• Enter death (failure) time

Modify *CONSTRAINED_NODE_SET

Delete *CONSTRAINED NODE SETDelete CONSTRAINED_NODE_SET


Constrained → Nodal Rigid Body (CNRB)Show *CONSTRAINED_NODAL_RIGID_BODY

Create *CONSTRAINED_NODAL_RIGID_BODY• OPTION – SPC


• Set additional flags• Set additional flags

Modify *CONSTRAINED_NODAL_RIGID_BODY

Delete *CONSTRAINED NODAL RIGID BODYDelete CONSTRAINED_NODAL_RIGID_BODY


File → Import (Combine Keyword Files)Each keyword file defines a subsystem

Import Offset causes all entity IDs to by automatically p y y yoffset by largest ID currently in use

Import NoOffset performs no offsetting (use withImport NoOffset performs no offsetting (use with caution)

Setting Offset allows custom offsetting based onSetting Offset allows custom offsetting based on keyword type (see next slide)


File → Import (Combine Keyword Files)Setting Offset interface


Model → Keyword ManagerAll LS‐DYNA keywords are accessible through Keyword Manager tree list (over 900 total)

Keywords that exist in the current model yare shown in Blue

Click All to display all keywords (or clickClick All to display all keywords (or click Model to display only those that exist in the current model)the current model)

Expand the tree and double‐click to edit a keyword (opens Keyword Input Form)keyword (opens Keyword Input Form)


Keyword Input FormExample Keyword Input form for *PART

Keyword type List of existing keywords of this type


Keyword Input Form (continued...)Keyword Input form buttons

Always click first when creating a new card Commit changesAlways click first when creating a new cardDraw entity in the graphics window

Commit changes

Delete/Undeleteselected keyword

Popup RefBy interface

Open interface to pick Set all entries top pdata directly from model

Create fresh keywordusing default values

Default values

Exit keyword editing formg


Keyword Input Form (continued...)Keyword Input form controls

Card Number

Parameter Names Link Button

Parameter Values Drop‐down Menu


Keyword Input Form (continued...)Other Keyword Input form features• Blue parameter titles can be clicked to display description in bottom text area (see below)

• Red parameters indicate that additional cards may be displayed depending on the parameter value

Click in any field above to display description here

User comments can be entered here

Click in any field above to display description here(same information found in LS‐DYNA Keyword Manual)


File → Save Keyword As…Output Version – 960/970/971 (only change if using an old version of LS‐DYNA)

Renumber/Offset – can /renumber or offset before savingg

BySubSystem – activate to save subsystems to separate files (notsubsystems to separate files (not visible unless model contains subsystems)subsystems)

Advanced... – additional options (see next slide)(see next slide)


Advanced Settings InterfaceKeyword order can be customized

Keywords can be selectively omittedy y

Title, Field Names, and Comments can be omitted

Parameter names can be output instead of actual valuesParameter names can be output instead of actual values


File → Save Active Keyword As…Output Version – 960/970/971 (only change if using an old version of LS‐DYNA)

Keywords can be selectively y youtput using the Advanced Setting interfaceg


Workshop 5C K d FilCreate a Keyword File(Ball to Plate Impact)


Workshop 5Mesh a plate from IGES data...


File > Open > IGES File( l / k h / l i )(select /workshop5/plate.igs)



Enter Elem Size: 15

Pick the surface in graphics area

Click Mesh

Click Accept


Mesh a sphere...


Select Entity: Sphere_Solid

Enter Radius: 50

Enter Density: 6

Enter Center Z: 55

Enter Target Name: ball



Workshop 5 (continued...)Define plate material...

Go to Model → Keyword Manager

Select All

Expand MAT

Select Sort: Type

Double‐click “024‐PIECEWISE_LINEAR_PLASTICITY”

Click NewID in the Keyword Input Form

Enter TITLE: plate material

Enter RO: 7.8e‐6

Enter E: 200.0

Enter PR: 0.3

Enter SIGY: 0.2

Enter ETAN: 2.0

Enter FAIIL: 0.1

Click Acceptp

Click Done


Workshop 5 (continued...)Define plate section...

Expand SECTION

Double‐click “SHELL”


Enter TITLE: plate section

Enter NIP: 5

Enter T1: 1.5 (and hit the Enter key)

Click Accept

Click Done

Import ball properties (material and section)...

File > Import > LS‐DYNA Keyword (select /workshop5/ball_properties.k)

Click Import Offset in the Import File interface



Workshop 5 (continued...)Assign plate properties...

Go to Model → Part Data

Select Mod

Select “S 1 SHELL1” from the list

Enter Part Title: plate

Click SECID

Select “1 plate section” in Link SECTION interface

Click Done in Link SECTION interface

Click MID

Select “1 plate material” in Link MAT interface

Click Done in Link MAT interface

Click Accept


Workshop 5 (continued...)Assign ball properties...


Expand PART

Double‐click “PART”

Select “2 ball” in the Keyword Input Form

Click the Link Button next to the SECID field

Select “2 ball section” in Link SECTION interface

Click Done in the Link SECTION interface

Click the Link Button next to the MID field

Select “2 ball material” in Link MAT interface

Click Done in the Link MAT interface

Click Accept

Click Done


Workshop 5 (continued...)Create plate boundary SPCs...

Go to Model → Create Entity

Expand Boundary

Select Spc

Select Cre

Create Set

Activate X, Y, and Z

Select Area in the General Selection interface

Click and drag to select all plate edge nodes(select nodes on each edge separately)

Click Apply


Workshop 5 (continued...)Create ball initial velocity...

Expand Initial

Select Velocity

Select Cre

Enter Vz: ‐20

Select Pick in the General Selection interface


Pick the ball

Click Apply

Click the Left render button


Workshop 5 (continued...)Create part set for contact...

Expand Set Data

Select *SET_PART

Select Cre

Enter Title: contact


Click Apply

Define contact...


Expand CONTACT

Double‐click “AUTOMATIC_SINGLE_SURFACE”


Set SSTYP: 2

Click the Link Button next to the SSID field

Select “1 contact” in the Link SET interface

Click Done in the Link SET interface

Click Accept

Click Done


Workshop 5 (continued...)Set termination time...

Expand CONTROL

Double‐click “TERMINATION”

Enter ENDTIM: 10 in the Keyword Input Form

Click Accept

Click Done

Set d3plot frequency...

Expand DATABASE

Double‐click “BINARY_D3PLOT”

Enter DT: 1 in the Keyword Input Form

Click Accept

Click Done


Workshop 5 (continued...)Set ASCII output frequency...

Expand DATABASE

Double‐click “ASCII_option”

Enter Default DT: 0.1 (and hit the Enter key)

Scroll down and activate GLSTAT (global statistics)

Set BINARY: 3 for GLSTAT

Activate MATSUM (material summary)

Click Accept

Click Done

Save keyword file...


Click Browse (save as /workshop5/ball_and_plate.k)

Click Advanced…

Click Customize Order: Expert

Click Ok in the Advanced Setting interfaceg

Click Save in the Save Keyword interface


Workshop 6C K d FilCreate a Keyword File

(S‐Rail to Rigidwall Impact)


Workshop 6Import and mesh IGES surfaces...


File > Open > IGES File (select /workshop6/channel.igs)



Enter Elem Size: 6


Click Mesh

Click Accept

Go to Geometry Tool → Manage


Click Delete in the Geometry Management interface

File > Import > IGES File (select /workshop6/flat.igs)



Click Mesh

Click Accept

Turn on the mesh (using the Mesh render button)( g )


Workshop 6Define section property...


Select All

Expand SECTION

Double‐click “SHELL”


Enter TITLE: 1.0mm

Enter ELFORM: 16

Enter T1: 1.0 (and hit the Enter key)

Click Accept

Click Done


Workshop 6 (continued...)Define material property...

Expand MAT

Select Sort: Type

Double‐click “024‐PIECEWISE_LINEAR_PLASTICITY”


Enter TITLE: Mild Steel

Enter RO: 7.83e‐6

Enter E: 207.0

Enter PR: 0.3

Enter SIGY: 0.2

Enter ETAN: 2.0

Click Accept

Click Done


Workshop 6 (continued...)Assign section and material...

Go to Model → Part Data

Select Assign

Click All

Click SECID

Select “1.0mm” in the Link SECTION interface

Click Done in Link SECTION interface

Click MID

Select “Mild Steel” in the Link MAT interface

Click Done in Link MAT interface

Click Apply

Select Show


Workshop 6 (continued...)Add mass to end of rail...

Click the Top render button

Click the ZoIn render button and zoom in on the right end of the rail


Expand Element

SelectMass

Select Cre

Enter Mass: 2.0


Click and drag to select 1 row of nodes along the end of the rail

Click Apply

Create constraints at end of rail...

Expand Boundary

Select Spc

Select Cre

Activate Y, Z, RX, RY, and RZ (everything except X)


Click and drag to select all nodes where masses were addedg

Click Apply


Workshop 6 (continued...)Create initial velocities at end of rail...

Expand Initial

Select Velocity

Select Cre

Enter Vx: ‐10.0


Select all nodes where SPCs were added

Click Apply

Create a rigid wall...

Expand Rigidwall

Select Rigidwall

Select Cre

Select Planar

Select NX (you may have to scroll down)

Pick any node at the left end of the raily

Select Tran

Select X/L and enter Distance: 10

Click Tran ‐

Click Apply


Workshop 6 (continued...)Create welds using a master weld file...

Go to Mesh → Spot Welding

Select Format: Primer (from the drop‐down menu)

Click Open (select /workshop6/welds.spot)

Select Properties: File

Click Browse (select /workshop6/spot.conf)

Click Create

Click the Wire render button to see weld locations

Click Accept

Set termination time...


Expand CONTROL

Double‐click “TERMINATION”

Enter ENDTIM: 10 in Keyword Input Form

Click Acceptp

Click Done


Workshop 6 (continued...)Set d3plot frequency...

Expand DATABASE

Double‐click “BINARY_D3PLOT”

Enter DT: 1 in Keyword Input Form

Click Accept and Done

Set ASCII output frequency...

Double‐click “ ASCII_option”

Enter Default DT: 0.1 (and hit the Enter key)

Activate GLSTAT

Activate MATSUM

Activate SWFORC (spotweld forces)

Click Accept and Done

Save keyword file...


Click Browse (save as /workshop6/srail.k)( p )

Click Save in the Save Keyword interface


Post ProcessingPost‐Processing


Animation InterfaceThe Animation controls are displayed when d3plots are loaded. If the animation interface is closed, it can be restored by clicking the Anim render button.

Final State States per IncrementInitial State

Final State States per IncrementLoop / Play OnceEigen SF

Activate EigenMode Animation

Current State Control SpeedControl State

Current Time

Current State Control SpeedControl State


Post → Fringe ComponentPurpose: to select a component for fringing

Stress – regular stress componentsNd d l di l t d l itiNdv – nodal displacements and velocitiesResult – resultant stress componentsStrain regular strain componentsStrain – regular strain componentsMisc – pressure, temp, shell thickness, etc...Infin / Green / Almans – infinitesimal Green‐StInfin / Green / Almans infinitesimal, Green St. Venant, and Almansi strainsS.Rate – strain ratesResidu – residual elastic strainsFLD – forming limit diagram strain componentsBeam – beam element forces and stress resultantsCFD – Navier‐Stokes fluid components


Post → Fringe Component (continued...)Frin – choose rendering type• Frin – default fringing

I i f f lid• Isos – iso‐surfaces for solid

• Lcon – line contours

• XFrn – fringe max value across all surfacesXFrn fringe max value across all surfaces

• FMes – fringe color on the mesh

• Expr – user define expression

Max – location of shell surfaces• Low / Mid / Upp – lower, mid‐plane, and upper

• Max / Ave / Min – maximum, average, minimum

• Ipt – shell integration point

• Bpt – beam integration point• Bpt – beam integration point

Glob – coordinate system• Glob / Loca – global or localGlob / Loca global or local


Post → Fringe RangePurpose: control fringe and iso‐surface ranges

Dynamic – min/max adjusted for each time state

Static – same min/max for all the states

User – custom min/max for all the states

Show – show elements within the specified range

Entire Model – legend based on entire model

Active Parts Only – legend based on displayed parts

Active Elements Only – legend based on displayed elements only


Post → Fringe Range (continued...)Reverse Colors – reverse legend colors

Ident Min / Max – identify min and max elements by ( d f b f d f )ID (user defines number of entities to identify)

Lower / Upper – set color for out‐of‐range elements

Levels – customize number of fringe levels

Palette – allows colors to be modified


Post → HistoryPurpose: plot time history data (from d3plots)

Global – energies and kinematic data for full model

Part – energies and kinematic data for parts

Nodal – kinematic data for nodes

Element – stress and strain data for elements• Value – set to element value or min/max value for the part

• E‐Type – choose element type to plot history

• E‐Axes – global or local

• Surface – choose shell location (through‐thickness)• Surface choose shell location (through‐thickness)

Int Pt – integration point data

Scalar – plot scalar value that is being fringedScalar plot scalar value that is being fringed (choose component in Fcomp interface)


Post → History (continued...)

Standard plotting options...• Plot – plot selected value in current Plot Window

N l t l t d l i Pl t Wi d• New – plot selected value in new Plot Window

• Padd – add selected value to current Plot Window

• Raise – bring forward all open plot windowsRaise bring forward all open plot windows

• Pop – open and bring forward all closed plot windows

Interfaces that use these plot functions...p• History

• XYPlot

• ASCII

• Binout

• FLD• FLD

• Measure

• Section > Force


Plot WindowTitle – modify main, axis, legend, and curve titles


Plot Window (continued...)

Title – used to modify main, axis, legend, and curve titles

Attr – modify curve attributes (symbol, color, width, style)



Filter – filter curves (SAE, Butterworth, COS, etc...)

Save – write curves to file (.crv, Keep, XY Pairs, .csv, .xml)



Oper – perform curve operations (integrate, sum, invert, etc...)


New Plot InterfaceNew XYPlot interface puts plots in theplots in the Main window

Multiple plotsMultiple plots on a page / multiple pagesp p g

Plots from one port can be easily moved or copied to another portanother port


New Plot Interface (continued...)

Right‐click on a Port to Delete it or launch the Control interface

Control interface allows plots to be customized


New Plot Interface (continued...)


Post → XYPlotPurpose: create and manipulate XY‐Plots (all saved XY

data is automatically added to the file list)

l h l f ll l d d l f lFile – show list of all loaded XY‐Plot files

Window – show list of all XY‐Plot windows

Add – import XY data (use CRV, CSV, XY formats)

Remove – remove files from list

Info – display number of data points

Show – show selected plot

Cross – create cross plot (e.g., combine Force/Time and Disp/Time to create Force/Disp)

Curve Clip – clip curve

Interpolate – modify number of points in curve


Post → ASCIIPurpose: create XY‐Plots from ASCII output files

ASCII File Operations...• File – browse and load ASCII file from any directory

• Load – load selected file type from current directory

• Unload unload files from memory• Unload – unload files from memory

• All – select all items in the list

• Clear – clear selected items

• Rev – reverse selection

• Info – show information on the loaded ASCII file

• Multiple Select – plot multiple curves at once when multiple files are loaded (using File option above)


Post → ASCII (continued...)ASCII Sub‐branches...• Lists all data available in the selected ASCII file

S ASCII fil h i l t l th t b d t• Some ASCII files have special toggles that can be used to process data...

MATSUM, SECFORC, SPCFORC, NODFOR, BNDOUT, SLEOUT, and GCEOUT – [Total] combine multiple ASCII item selections

ABSTAT – [Airb/Mat] select airbag/material IDABSTAT – [Airb/Mat] select airbag/material ID

ELOUT – [Clrcp] clear component list

ELOUT – [Stress/Strain/Beams]

DEFORC – [Trans/Rotat] force and moments

NODFOR – [Group] combine nodal forces of the group

NODOUT – [HicCsi] open HIC/CSI pre‐filter options

RBDOUT – [Local] plot in local coordinate system

SPCFORC – [Force/Momt] force and momentsSPCFORC – [Force/Momt] force and moments


Post → BinoutPurpose: plot data from binout files

Binout contains same data as ASCII files but in binary fformat

Set BINARY=2 on *DATABASE_{OPTION} to generate bi t filbinout file

Load – load binout file (multiple binout files can be loaded)loaded)

Unload – unload binout file

Save save binout branch in ASCII formatSave – save binout branch in ASCII format

Done – exit the Binout interface


Post → FollowPurpose: define a reference point or plane for

animation and fringing relative displacement

Animation usage...• Pick node(s) to define reference point or plane

• Click Apply• Click Apply

• Play animation

To fringe relative displacement...To fringe relative displacement...• Pick node(s) to define reference point or plane

• Click Apply

• Go to Page 1: Fcomp

• Select Ndv

S l “ di ” “ di ” “ di ” “ l di ”• Select “rx‐disp”, “ry‐disp”, “rz‐disp”, or “r‐result disp”


Post → TracePurpose: trace nodal displacements

Use General Selection interface to select nodes

Set width and color of trace line

Select state to begin trace

Output trace in several formats...• *DEFINE_CURVE

• Coordinate history

• *BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_MOTION_NODE


Post → StatePurpose: select/overlay animation states or display

mulitple states in a grid

l d l h l dSelect – display the selected state or create state overlays (with customized rendering type)

I ti k t t i ti ( fInactive – make states inactive (remove from animation playback)

Delete delete states (delete d3plot files if possible)Delete – delete states (delete d3plot files if possible)

Multistate – display multiple states in a grid


Post → OutputPurpose: output post‐processing data

Some available formats...• LS‐DYNA Keyword

• Nastran

• Dynain ASCII• Dynain ASCII

• ASCII and Binary STL

Active Parts Only – write only displayed partsActive Parts Only write only displayed parts

Entire Model – write entire model (use check boxes to control exactly which entities are written)y )

St No – Controls which state is written


Post → SettingPurpose: control settings and general preferences

Axes/Surface• El Axes – set coordinate system for calculation of

component stresses and strains (Global / element Local)

• Surface – set current shell integration point surface andSurface set current shell integration point surface and beam integration point location (this affects what data is extracted when using Fcomp, History, and Vector)

fl fl h h l d l l dReflections – reflect the whole model or selected parts about the global planes

Hi /C i C t h d f lt ti l dHic/Csi Const. – change default time scale and gravitational constant

SPH Nodes change appearance of smooth particleSPH Nodes – change appearance of smooth particle hydrodynamics nodes


Post → Setting (continued...)Thickness Scale Factor – related to displaying shells as solids (set using Thick in Appear interface)

l ll ll l hFringe Scale Factor – allows small or large changes in fringe values, active for all fringes after setting

C t C k Width i t d ith D3CRCK filConcrete Crack Width – associated with D3CRCK file, sets minimum crack width in mm to be displayed (MAT 084 only)(MAT_084 only)

FLD E’Strain – changes display of strains for FLD fringe components and plots to Engr or True valuesg p p g

Local B’Strain – converts global strains for solid elements into element axes values


Post → VectorPurpose: create vector plots (similar to fringing)

d3plot (binary plot) options...• Shell Normal

• Displacement

• Velocity• Velocity

• Principal Stress

• Principle Strainp

intfor (interface force file) options...• Force

• Pressure

• Surface Shear


Post → Vector (continued...)X, Y, and Z components for displacement, velocity and force can be selected

Range settings...• Dynamic – min/max adjusted for each time state

• Static same min/max for all the states• Static – same min/max for all the states

• User – custom min/max for all the states

• Show – show vectors within the specified range p g

Display settings...• SF – set vector size scale factor

• Whole – display vectors for the whole model

• Part – display vectors for a specific part

A di l f d fi d• Area – display vectors for a user defined area

• El/Node – display vectors for specific elements/nodes


Element Tools → MeasurePurpose: take measurements of various items

Item – list of available measurements• Coordinate – xyz coordinate

• Dist N2N – distance between 2 nodes

• Dist N2S distance between a node and a surface• Dist N2S – distance between a node and a surface

• Dist P2P – distance between 2 points

• Angle 3Node – angle between 3 nodesg g

• Angle 4node – angle between 2 lines formed by 4 nodes

• 3Pt Radius – the radius formed by 3 nodes

• Area / Volume / Mass / Inertia

• Ang Vel – angular velocity

• Separation – distance between two parts• Separation – distance between two parts


Element Tools → Measure (continued...)

Active Elements Only – for certain quantities (e.g., Area, Volume, Mass, Inertia)

l / / ll b l bElement/Part/All – measure by element, by part, or all

C l i k l t i k d titCancel pick – remove last picked entity

Apply – take measurement

R f A l t t f fReference Axes – select current reference axes for measurement (define axis using Item: Create Axis)

History depends on selected itemHistory – depends on selected item


Model → Section PlanePurpose: visualize section planes or take measurements

Section plane options...• FixS – section plane is fixed in space

• FixM – section plane is fixed to the model

• Lagr section plane is lagrangian type• Lagr – section plane is lagrangian type

Plane definition options...• 1p+NL – base point + normal direction1p+NL base point + normal direction

• N1‐N2 – n1 defines base point, n1 to n2 defines direction

• 3Nds – 3 nodes define the plane

• 2Nds+D – 2 nodes + direction define the plane

• BasePt/BaseNd – select position or node as base point

N X/N Y/N Z di i i• NormX/NormY/NormZ – set direction cosines

• Centroid – make centroid of model the base point

• Reset – reset and clear plane definitionReset reset and clear plane definition


Model → Section Plane (continued...)Additional options...• No. of Cut/Distance ‐ divide model along the plane normal

directiondirection

• Right/Left Arrows – move the plane forward/backward

• MP Anim – animate the section

• Upd Bspt – update base point with current position

• Clear Kpsc – clear all kept section cuts from memory


Model → Section Plane (continued...)Additional options...• Project View – view section normal to section plane

Off/Cli t li i l ff/• Off/Clip – turn clipping planes off/on

• Kp Cuts – keep and display all section cuts

• Clr – clear all section cuts (keep only the last cut)Clr clear all section cuts (keep only the last cut)

• Cut – perform section cut

• Options – display additional section plane options

• Crush – open crush/intrusion interface

• Model – reset display to full model view

M ti t t i t f• Meas – open section cut measurement interface

• Line – open line plot interface

• Force – open section force interfaceForce open section force interface

• Save – open interface to save/load planes (to file)

• Done – exit the Section Plane interface


Model → Section Plane (continued...)“Options” Interface• ShowPl – show section plane on/off

3DO tli h lid t tli ft t• 3DOutline – show solid part outline after cut

• ShMesh – show section plane as mesh

• Line Width – set section cut line widthLine Width set section cut line width

• Line Color – set section cut line color

• Color/Cut – use different color for each cut instead of different color for each part

• Thickness – draw section cut with thickness

• VP – draw vector on section cut• VP – draw vector on section cut

• Write – write section cut to file in selected format (Keyword, VGA, or IGES)

• Curr State – set current state for writing


Model → Section Plane (continued...)“Crush” Interface – measure distance from node to plane (intrusion plotting)

Li Width I t i l t li idth• Line Width – Intrusion plot line width

• Line Color – Intrusion plot line color

• PlotType – select history plot typePlotType select history plot type

• Node ID – can be picked or keyed in

“Line” Interface – plot fringe values at section cut p galong the length of the cut• Mainly used for metal stamping

• Must load fringe value (using Fcomp) and perform cut first

• Pick a part for the line plot


Model → Section Plane (continued...)“Force” Interface – calculate and plot section values• Forces

M t• Moments

• Area

• CentroidCentroid

“Meas” Interface – take section plane measurements• Coordinate

• Distance

• 3Pt‐Angle

• 3Pt‐Radius

• 2Ln‐Angle

• Measure can be done between any two cuts• Measure can be done between any two cuts


Workshop 7pPost‐Processing


Workshop 7Load results and input file...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Binary Plot( l / k h /d l )(select /workshop7/d3plot)

File > Open > LS‐DYNA Keyword(select /workshop7/ball_and_plate.k)

Cli k Y i thClick Yes in the popup

Click Animate Forward(click the Anim render button first if necessary)

Click the Left render buttonClick the Left render button

Decrease the animation speed using the slider

Generate a movie...

File > Mo ieFile > Movie…

Enter File Name: animation1

Click Start


Workshop 7(continued...)Cut a section plane...

Go to Model → Section Plane

Click NormY

Click Cut

Click Options

Select Line Width: 5

Rotate the model for an isometric view

Click MP Anim

Click Done


Workshop 7(continued...)Create a fringe contour plots...

Go to Post → Fringe Component

Click Stress

Select “von mises stress” from the list

Click the Top render button

Click Animate Forward(if the animation is not already playing)

Select “plastic strain” from the list

Click Ndv

Select “resultant displacement” from the list

Click Stop Animation


Click the Shade Element (ShaEle) render button


Workshop 7(continued...)Identify nodes and elements by ID...

Go to Element Tools → Ident

Select Node


Pick some nodes by drawing a window

Select Element

Select Pick in the General Selection interface

Pick some elements by clicking

Click Clear Node

Click Clear Elem


Workshop 7(continued...)Plot time history data...

Go to Post→ History

Select Nodal

Select “Z‐displacement” from the list

Pick 1 node on the ball and 1 node on the plate

Click Plot

Click Quit in the Plot Window

Select Element

Select “Effective Stress (v‐m)” from the list

Pick an element on the plate

Click Plot




Workshop 7(continued...)Plot ASCII data...

Go to Post → ASCII

Select “glstat *” from the top list

Click Load

Select the top 3 items in the bottom list

Click Plot


Select “matsum *” from the top list

Click Load

Click All

Select “2‐Kinetic Energy” from the bottom list

Click Plot



Workshop 7(continued...)Plot a measured value...

Drag the horizontal slider to the first frame(click the Anim render button first if necessary)

h h ( i h h d b )Turn on the mesh (using the Mesh render button)

Go to Element Tools →Measure

Select Item: Dist N2N

Select “length” in the bottom list

Pick 1 node on the ball and 1 node on the plate

Click Plot


Click Next State (in the animation interface) several times and note how the measured value is updated



Workshop 7(continued...)Plot binout data...

Go to Post→ Binout

Click Load( l / k h /bi )(select /workshop7/binout)

Select the file from the Open File List

Select “glstat”

Select “kinetic_energy”

Click Plot

Select “internal_energy”

Click Padd


Workshop 7(continued...)Format a plot...

Click Title in the Plot Window

Enter Plot Title: Global Stats

Enter X‐Axis Label: Time (ms)

Enter Y‐Axis Label: Energy

Enter Legend Title: Curves

Click Apply

Activate Modify Curve Legend

Select “kinetic_energy” from the list

Change name to “Kinetic” (and hit the Enter key)

Select “internal_energy” from the list

Change name to “Internal” (and hit the Enter key)

Save curve data...

Click Save in the Plot Window

Click All next to the curve list

Click Browse(save as /workshop7/glstat_energy.crv)

Click Save in the bottom row of buttons


Workshop 8pPost‐Processing


Workshop 8View multiple models...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Binary Plot( l / k h / l /d l )(select /workshop8/example2/d3plot)

File > Open > LS‐DYNA Binary Plot(select /workshop8/elastic_plate/d3plot)

G t M d l→ S l tiGo to Model → Selection


Select Translate

S l “2 BALL AND ELSTIC PLATE” f h liSelect “2‐BALL AND ELSTIC PLATE” from the list

Activate Z only

Enter Trans Dist: 2.500e+002

Click the Left Arrow button

Select Select

Click and drag to select both items in the list

Click the Auto Center (AutCen) render button

Click the Hide Element (HidEle) render button

Click Animate Forward


Workshop 8 (continued...)Create a cross plot...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Binary Plot( l / k h / l i l /d l )(select /workshop8/elastic_plate/d3plot)

Go to Post→ ASCII

Select “rcforc *”

Click Load

Select “Sl‐2” from the middle list

Select “Z‐force” from the lower list

Click Plot

Click Scale in PlotWindow‐1

Enter Y‐scale: ‐1

Click Apply

Activate Autofit

Click Save(save as /workshop8/elastic_plate/force_vs_time.crv)

Click Save in the bottom row of buttons

Click Quit in PlotWindow‐1


Workshop 8 (continued...)Create a cross plot (continued)...

Go to Post→ XYPlot

Click Add( l / k h / l i l /di i )(select /workshop8/elastic_plate/disp_vs_time.crv)

Select Cross

Select X‐Axis

Select “disp_vs_time.crv”

Double‐click “disp_vs_time.crv:2060”

Select Y‐Axis

Select “force_vs_time.crv”

Double‐click “force_vs_time.crv:Sl 2”

Click Plot


Workshop 8 (continued...)Set a reference point...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Binary Plot( l / k h /b l d/d l )(select /workshop8/belted/d3plot)

Click the Left and Hide Element (HidEle) render buttons

Cli k A i t F dClick Animate Forward

Click Stop

Go to Post→ Follow

Pi k d hPick any node on the structure

Click Apply



Workshop 8 (continued...)Use Page D entity display...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Binary Plot( l / k h /b l d/d l )(select /workshop8/belted/d3plot)

File > Open > LS‐DYNA Keyword(select /workshop8/belted/belted.k)

Cli k Y i thClick Yes in the popup


Go to Model → Display Entity

E d S b lExpand Seatbelt

Select Accelerometer

Select the first three items in the list

Click the Anim render button



Workshop 8 (continued...)Calculate HIC (Head Injury Criteria)...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Binary Plot( l / k h / i d hi /d l )(select /workshop8/settings_and_hic/d3plot)


Go to Post→ Setting

Select Hic/Csi Constants

Select Time Units: msec (kg‐mm‐ms units)

Select Gravity Constant: 0.00981

Click Apply

Go to Post→ ASCII

Select “nodout *”

Click Load

Select “1”

Select “14‐hic36”

Click HicCsi

Activate Apply pre‐filter

Click Plot


Workshop 8 (continued...)Modify range settings...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Binary Plot( l / k h / /d l )(select /workshop8/range/d3plot)


Drag the slider to the last frame

Go to Post→ Fringe Component (FriComp)

Select “von mises stress” from the top list

Go to Post→ Fringe Range (FriRang)

Activate Reverse Colors

Enter No. Min/Max Entities: 1

Activate Ident Min and Max

Select Level: 20

Select Avg: None


Workshop 8 (continued...)View velocity vectors...




Go to Post→ Vector

Select Velocity from the drop down menu

Click Apply

Click Next State (in the animation interface) to step h h h i i f b fthrough the animation frame by frame


Workshop 8 (continued...)Colors, Groups, and Views...




Go to Model → Part Color

Click Lmap(select /workshop8/colors_groups_views/colors)


Cli k L dClick Load(select /workshop8/colors_groups_views/groups)

Select “dummy” from the list

Click SelectClick Select

Go to Model→ Views

Click Load(select /workshop8/colors groups views/views)(select /workshop8/colors_groups_views/views)

Select “View_01” from the list

Click Select


Workshop 8 (continued...)Plot section plane forces...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Binary Plot( l / k h / l / f /d l )(select /workshop8/splane/csforce/d3plot)

Go To Model → Section Plane

Activate BaseNd

Enter Node: 1550 (and hit Enter)

Click NormX (directional cosine)

Click Cut

Click Force

Select “Normal Force” from the list

Click Plot


Workshop 8 (continued...)Take section plane measurements...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Binary Plot( l / k h / l / /d l )(select /workshop8/splane/measure/d3plot)


Go to Model → Section Plane

Click NormY

Click Cut

In the animation controls, advance to State# 9

Click Meas (NOT Measur)

Select 2Ln‐Angle

Click two points to form a line on the left top

Click two points to form a line on the right top

Click Options

Select Line Width: 2

Activate ShMesh (section plane as a mesh)

Click Curr State

Click Write to save the section data(writes keyword file with beam elements only)


Workshop 8 (continued...)Output dynain file...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Binary Plot( l / k h /d i /d l )(select /workshop8/dynain_output/d3plot)

Go to Post→ Output

Select Format: Dynain ASCII

In the animation controls, advance to the last state

Click Curr (current state)

Click Write( i d i ASCII fil h i i(writes a dynain ASCII file that contains stress, strain, and thickness information)


Workshop 8 (continued...)Save LS‐PrePost database (post.db)...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Binary Plot( l / k h /d i /d l )(select /workshop8/dynain_output/d3plot)

In the animation controls, advance to the desired state

File > Save As > Save Post.db As…

In the main window, go to Model → Assembly and Part (SelPart)

Select “S 2” and “S 3” only

G El T l → Bl kGo to Element Tools→ Blank


Select Out

Draw a box around a portion of the model

In the Save PostProcess DB interface, select the data you want

Cli kClick >>

Enter a file name(select /workshop8/dynain_output/post.db)

ClickWrite DBClick Write DB


Command File and MacrosCommand File and Macros


Command FileAll commands are written to lspost.cfile• Created in same directory as input file

• Can be modified to help automate repetitive tasks

• Call other command files using “include” statements

• Skip commands using “skip” and “endskip”

• Enter interactive mode using “interactive” (us Esc key to continue)

3 ways to execute command files:y• File > Open > Command File• lsprepost c=commandfile.ses• lsprepost c=commandfile.ses –nographics


Command File (continued...)Parameters can be used in command file• Parameter definition can be numbers or strings

parameter directory “c:\Home\Test\problem\”

parameter rotang “45.0, 0.0, 30.0”

parameter filename “testcase1.key”

• Use “&” to mark parameters

open d3plot &filename

• Use “{“ and “}” when combining parameters{ } g p

open d3plot &{directory}&{filename}

Command file structure is not yet fully documented butCommand file structure is not yet fully documented, but more commands and details can be found here:• http://www.lstc.com/lspp/content/other/command/command.shtmlhttp://www.lstc.com/lspp/content/other/command/command.shtml


Misc. → Macro InterfacePurpose: load and execute macros

Macros allow multiple commands to be grouped and d f d dexecuted as often as desired

Parameters can be used in macro files

Parameters can be defined on the fly (see “matid” and “fname”)

M tMacro syntax...• *macro begin name

Command 1Command 1

Command 2

Command 3

• *macro end


Misc. → Macro Interface (continued...)

Macro example...• *macro begin plot_matsum

ii t l t 2 & tidascii matsum plot 2 &matid

raisewin

xyplot 1 savefile curve file C:\temp\&fname 1 allxyplot 1 savefile curve_file C:\temp\&fname 1 all

• *macro end


Function KeysF1 launches Function Key interface shown below (shows layout of the function keys)

Except for F1 and F10, all other function keys can be programmed to act as a buttonp g

Also, a command file with the name F#.cfile can be called using F# (place file in current working directory)called using F# (place file in current working directory)

Function keys can be customized in the configuration file ( lspostrc)(.lspostrc)


Workshop 9pCommand File and Macros


Workshop 9Run a command file...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Keyword( l / k h / f d k)(select /workshop9/C2500D‐V4f_rotated.k)

File > Open > Command File(select /workshop9/free_edges.ses)

Cli k St t i th CFil i t fClick Start in the CFile interface(the session file contains “interactive” commands and thus waits for a user input to perform the next action)

Hit the Esc key to cycle through the parts checkingHit the Esc key to cycle through the parts checking each for free edges


Workshop 9 (continued...)Use a macro to create two solid spheres...


Go to Misc. → Launch Macro Interface

Click Add (select /workshop9/sphere.txt)

Select “Sphere1” from the list

Click Show

Click Exec (a red sphere is created)

Select “Sphere2” from the list

Enter x: 10

Enter y: 10

Enter z: 10

Enter radius: 6

Enter density: 8

Click Exec (a blue sphere is created)


Special ApplicationsSpecial Applications


Application → Model CheckingPurpose: “Keyword Check” tab checks model for input errors

Keywords are listed alphabetically


Application → Model CheckingDouble‐clicking an Error or Warning loads Extended Information

From there, the Keyword Input Form can be opened (Read)


Application → Model CheckingPurpose: “Contact Check” tab checks for contact issues

Tying and initial penetrations can be examined (see next slide)


Application → Model CheckingPenet – check contacts (for initial penetration)• ByParts – check for penetrations based on part thicknesses

C t t h k f t ti b d t t d fi iti• Contact – check for penetrations based on contact definitions

• Show: CE – show crossed edges

• Show: Penet – show initial penetrationsShow: Penet show initial penetrations

• SF – apply scale factor to penetration vectors

• Fix – penetrations can be fixed automatically, but this option must be used with caution

Tied – check tied contacts (to see if nodes are tied)Ti d / L b l h l b l f ti d d• Tied / Label – show labels for tied nodes

• Not Tied / Label – show labels for nodes that are not tied


Application → Model CheckingPurpose: “Element Quality” tab checks overall mesh quality

Available for beams, solids, shells, and thick shells


Application → Airbag FoldingPurpose: to create fold definitions and fold airbags

Fold types...• Thin

• Thick

• Tuck• Tuck

• Double Tuck

• Spiralp

• Scrunch

Folding can be performed step by step

Fold definitions can be saved, loaded, and modified

Fold process can be animated (for visualization)


Application → Occupant PositioningPurpose: to load and position occupant models

Latest build of LS‐PrePost should always be used

LS‐PrePost and Primer tree file formats are supported

Working with multiple occupant models is supported

Comprehensive documentation and the latest LSTC Semi‐Deformable Hybrid III Dummy models are available here:ft // t @ft l t /l t d i /LSTC H3 081030 V1 0 iftp://user:[email protected]/lstc‐dummies/LSTC.H3.081030_V1.0.zip


Application → Belt FittingPurpose: to automatically generate seat belts

First, a segment set for contact must be chosen

Second, nodes defining the belt path can be selected (keyed in or picked from the graphics window)

Simple – generate a belt using 1D elements

Mixed – generate a belt consisting of 1D and 2D l telements


Application → Intrusion MeasurementPurpose: to generate IIHS (Insurance Institute of

Highway Safety) plots

dType: Nodout• Must load nodout file first

• Contains node data for which intrusion will be measured• Contains node data for which intrusion will be measured

Type: IN• Must load IN file secondMust load IN file second

• Links node IDs from nodout to “Measured Points”

• If IN file does not exist, node numbers can be entered keyed in manually or picked from the graphics window

Type: Outl d fil i i i l d i i d• Can load Out file containing previously saved intrusion data


Mesh → SPH GenerationPurpose: to create SPH particles

Available methods...• Box – define min/max points

• Sphere – define position and radius

• Cylinder define position radius and length• Cylinder – define position, radius, and length

• Cone – define position, radius1, radius2, and length

• SolidCenter – at center of solid elements

• SolidNodes – at solid element nodes

• ShellVolume – from an enclosed shell volume

Pitch – distance between particles

Density – used to compute particle mass

Fill% – fill level

DirX/DirY/DirZ – direction of gravitation force


Mesh → SPH Generation (continued...)ShellVolume notes...• Can use multiple parts

O l h ll t b d• Only shell parts can be used

• Shell parts must form a “water‐tight” enclosed volume

• Shell normals should all point outwardShell normals should all point outward

• Shell thickness is taken into account for particles close to the boundary


Workshop 10pAdvanced Applications


Workshop 10Model checking...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Keyword (select /workshop10/modelcheck/C2500_modelcheck.k)

Go to Application → Model Checking

Click Write in the Model Checking interface to write a summary of the errors and warnings


Workshop 10 (continued...)Model checking (continued)...

Double‐click Warning(4) on the *AIRBAG row

In the “Extended Information” interface...li k h i i h i h h d id li i hClick each item in the right hand side list to view the

warning details (4 airbags have open surfaces)

Exit the model checking interface

G t M d l→ KEYWORDGo to Model → KEYWORD

Expand AIRBAG

Double‐click “SIMPLE_AIRBAG_MODEL”

I h K d I F li k SIDIn the Keyword Input Form, click SID(note that PSID 908 contains part ID 168 and 169)

Click Done in the *SET Keyword Input Form

Click Done in the *AIRBAG Ke ord Inp t FormClick Done in the *AIRBAG Keyword Input Form



Go to Model → KEYWORD

Expand SET

Double‐click “PART_LIST”

Select “908” in the Keyword Input Form

Change PID1 from 168 to 167

Click Replace

Click Accept

Click Done

Recheck the model (there are now 3 airbag warnings)



Double‐click Error(4) on the *CONSTRAINED row

In the “Extended Information” interface...li k h i i h i h h d id li i h d ilClick each item in the right hand side list to view the error details

(4 nodes are shared between multiple nodal rigid bodies)


G t M d l→ C t E titGo to Model → Create Entity

Expand Constrained

Select Nodal Rigid Body (CNRB)

S l L b l S b lSelect Label: Symbol

Enter ID: 920 (and hit Enter) in the General Selection interface



Click the Assembly and Part (SelPart) render button


Turn off the RHS (right‐hand side) door (PID 115)

Click Done

Label CNRB 920 again (if it becomes unhighlighted)

Enter ident node 26112 on the command line

Select Mod (in the Create Entity interface)

Zoom in and pick CNRB 920

Right‐click node 26112 to remove it from the CNRB definition

Click Apply

Recheck the model (there are now 3 constrained errors)



Double‐click Error(1) on the *CONTROL row

In the “Extended Information” interface...i h f *View the error message for *CONTROL_BULK_VISCOSITY

(Q2 should not be greater than Q1)



Expand CONTROL

Double‐click “BULK_VISCOSITY”

I h K d I F li k D f lIn the Keyword Input Form, click Default

Click Accept

Click Done

Recheck the model (there are now no control card errors)



Double‐click Warning(1) on the *INITIAL row

In the “Extended Information” interface...i h i f *View the warning message for *INITIAL_VELOCITY

(*PART_INERTIA and *INITIAL_VELOCITY are not consistent)



Expand INITIAL

Double‐click “VELOCITY” (note that VX=1.341e4)

Cli k DClick Done

Expand PART

Double‐click “INERTIA”

Enter VTX: 1.341e4 in the Keyword Input Form

Click Accept

Click Done

Recheck the model (there are now no initial velocity errors)



Double‐click Error(2) on the *MAT row

In the “Extended Information” interface...i h f *View the error messages for *MAT_PIECEWISE_LINEAR_PLASTICTY

(curve 871005 is not monotonically increasing, and SIGY≤0 for MID 1)



Expand DEFINE

Double‐click “CURVE”

S l “871005” i h K d I FSelect “871005” in the Keyword Input Form

Click Plot (note that the last point should be removed)

Click Quit in the PlotWindow

Select the last data point (line 8)

Click Delete

Click Accept

Click Done



Go to Model → KEYWORD

Expand MAT

Double‐click “PIECEWISE_LINEAR_PLASTICITY”

Make sure MID “1” is selected

Change the sign of SIGY (from ‐270 to 270)

Click Accept

Click Done

Recheck the model (there are now no material errors)


Workshop 10 (continued...)Belt fitting...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Keyword( l / k h /b l fi /b d k)(select /workshop10/beltfit/body.k)

Click the Front render button

Go to Application → Seatbelt Fitting

Enter “195“ next to Pick Nodes (and hit Enter)

Do the same for nodes “444“ and “177“

Select “2 ‐ pelvic (sub:1)” from the list

Select Mixed

Deactivate Tria Shell Element

Click Fit

Click Stretch

Click Accept

Select “1 ‐ torso (sub:1)“ from the list

Enter “177“, “138“, “50“, and “168“ (in that order)

Click Fit

Click Accept


Workshop 10 (continued...)Contact checking...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Keyword( l / k h / hk/ il k)(select /workshop10/conchk/s‐rail.k)



Select the Contact Check tab

Select Penet

Select Contact

Select “2 PSET 201 All 0 (sub:1)” from the list

Click Check

Select SF: 0.5

Activate Lock Nodes


Pick the middle part (red)

Click Fix

Select Tied

Select “1 PSET 100 PSET 200 (sub:1)” from the list

Click Check


Workshop 10 (continued...)SPH generation...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Keyword( l / k h / h / k k)(select /workshop10/sphgen/tank.k)


Go to Mesh → SPH Generation (SphGen)

Activate Pick Part

Pick the tank

Activate Clearance

Enter Clearance: 5

Select Fill%: 60%

Enter Pitch in X: 15

Enter Pitch in Y: 15

Enter Pitch in Z: 15

Enter Density: 1.0e‐6

Click Apply

Click Accept


Workshop 11pExtra Pre‐Processing Exercises


Workshop 11Create a 4‐node shell mesh...



Select Entity: 4N_Shell

Enter P1: 100,100,0

Enter P2: 100,‐100,0

Enter P3: ‐100,‐100,0

Enter P4: ‐100,100,0

Enter NxNo.: 10

Enter NyNo.: 10

Enter Target Name: plate

Click Create

Click Accept



Workshop 11 (continued...)Detach elements...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Keyword( l / k h / h ll k)(select /workshop11/4n‐shell.k)


Go to Element Tools → Detach Element

Active Free Edges


Draw a box to select some elements

Click Detach

Click Accept


Workshop 11 (continued...)Create shells using Element Generation...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Keyword( l / k h / h k)(select /workshop11/sphere.k)




Select Shell

Select Shell By: Solid_Face

Select ByElem

Activate Prop

Set Ang: 45.0

Pick an element on the curved outer surface

Click Create

Click Accept


Workshop 11 (continued...)Create solids using Element Generation (continued)...

Go to Model → Assembly and Part (SelPart)

Select “S 2” only


Select Solid

Select Solid By: Shell_Offset

Enter Thickness: 5

Enter Segment: 1


Click on the shell layer

Click Create

Click Accept


Workshop 11 (continued...)Delete elements...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Keyword( l / k h / h ll k)(select /workshop11/4n‐shell.k)



Select Delete


Select the center 4x4 section of elements

Select Rm in the General Selection interface


Click Delete

Click Accept


Workshop 11 (continued...)Split elements (continued)...

Select Split/Merge in the Element Editing interface

Select Add in the General Selection interface


Click Apply

Click Accept

Create elements...

Select Create in the Element Editing interface

Select Element Type: Shell

Activate PID

Pick the part

Pick 4 nodes to create a quad element in the gap

Click Accept

Continue creating 4‐node quads (leaving empty wedges as necessary)

Activate Tria Only

Fill in the remaining wedges with 3‐node tria elements


Workshop 11 (continued...)Create nodes...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Keyword( l / k h / d di k)(select /workshop11/node_edit.k)



Select Create

Select ByTwo

Enter Num: 3

Pick node 14

Pick node 49

Click Create

Click Accept


Workshop 11 (continued...)Align nodes (continued)...

Select Align

Pick node 11

Pick node 46


Draw a window to select nodes 21, 30, and 39

Click Align

Click Accept

Replace nodes...

Select Replace

Select MidPoint

Pick nodes 18 and 19



Click Acceptp


Workshop 11 (continued...)Reflect elements...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Keyword( l / k h / k)(select /workshop11/star.k)



Select Reflect

Select Plane: Norm Y

Activate Pick node as pt. of reflec.

Pick the top node

Activate Copy Elem

Enter 2 next to Part list


Click Reflect

Click Accept



Workshop 11 (continued...)Translate elements...





Select Translate

Select Direction: X

Enter Translate Distance: 75

Activate Copy Elem

Enter No. of Copies: 2



Click Tran +

Click Accept



Workshop 11 (continued...)Rotate elements...





Select Rotate

Select Rot. Axis: Z

Enter XYZ: 0,0,0

Enter Rot. Angle: 36

Activate Copy Elem

Enter No. of Copies: 9



Click Rotate +

Click Accept



Workshop 11 (continued...)Create a CNRB (*CONSTRAINED_NODAL_RIGID_BODY)...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Keyword( l / k h /b l h l k)(select /workshop11/bolt_hole.k)



Expand Constrained

Select Nodal Rigid Body (CNRB)

Select Cre

Click the Unreferenced Node (UnRef) render button

Pick the middle node first

Pick the nodes around the hole perimeter

Click Apply

Go to Model → Keyword

Expand CONSTRAINED to verify that a “NODAL_RIGID_BODY” has been created


Workshop 11 (continued...)Create a cross section (*DATABASE_CROSS_SECTION)...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Keyword( l / k h / b k)(select /workshop11/tube.k)




Expand Database

Select Cross Section

Select Cre

Select Plane

Select NX

Pick a node on the desired plane

Click Apply


Expand DATABASE to verify that a “CROSS_SECTION_PLANE” has been created


Workshop 11 (continued...)Create a coordinate system (*DEFINE_COORDINATE)...





Expand Define

Select Coordinate

Select Cre

Select Type: *NODES

Pick nodes 5, 9, and 7 (in that order)

Enter Title: CS1

Click Apply


Expand DEFINE to verify that a “COORDINATE_NODES” has been created


Workshop 11 (continued...)Create a node set...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Keyword( l / k h / h k)(select /workshop11/sphere.k)




Expand Set Data

Select *SET_NODE

Select Cre

Enter Title: node set 1

Select ByElem in the General Selection interface

Activate Prop

Set Ang: 45.0


Click Apply


Workshop 11 (continued...)Create a segment set (continued)...

Select Show

Click None

Select Cre

Select *SET_SEGM

Enter Title: segment set 1

Select ByElem in the General Selection interface

Activate Prop

Set Ang: 45.0


Click Apply


Expand SET to verify that sets have been created (NODE_LIST, SEGMENT)


Workshop 11 (continued...)Create curves (geometry)...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Keyword( l / k h / h ll k)(select /workshop11/wavy_shell.k)


Go to Curve → Spline

Select Method: Interpolation Points

Click the nodes along right side of the gap in order from top to bottom

Cli k A lClick Apply

Do the same for the left side of the gap


Workshop 11 (continued...)Create a mesh using curves (continued)...


Select Type: 2 Line Shell

Select Element Size

Click both lines in the graphics area

Enter S1: 18 (and hit the Enter key)

Enter S2: 18

Enter S3: 18

Enter S4: 18

Enter Part ID: 3

Click Mesh It

Click Accept



Workshop 11 (continued...)Part trimming...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Keyword( l / k h / i / f i l k)(select /workshop11/ptrim/C2500D‐V4f_single.k)

Enter m 140 on the command line


Deactivate CNRB, Mass, and Disc




Click the “.” button next to Origin Point X

Select Node (in the Create Position interface)

Pick a node in the middle of the truck bed

Click Done (in the Create Position interface)

Enter Radius: 400

Click Apply


Workshop 11 (continued...)Part trimming (continued)...

Go to Element Tools → Part Trim

Select Parts

Pick the truck bed in graphics window

Select Trim Curves

Pick the circle in the graphics window

Click Z

Click Trim

Click Accept

Go to Geometry Tool → Manage


Select Delete in the Model Management interface


Select Delete

Activate Prop in the General Selection interfacep

Pick an element in the middle of the trimmed area

Click Delete

Click Acceptp


Workshop 11 (continued...)Mesh morphing...


File > Open > IGES File( l / k h / h/ li i )(select /workshop11/morph/8lines.iges)


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Keyword( l t / k h 11/ h/t b k)(select /workshop11/morph/tube.k)




Workshop 11 (continued...)Mesh morphing (continued)...

Go to Element Tools → Morph

Select Morphing Type: 8 Line Cons

Select Source

Select SLine1

Pick lines 1,2,3,4 in that order(you must select the same end of each line)

Select Target

Select TLine1

Pick lines 5,6,7,8 in that order(order must be consistent with source lines)

Activate Select Nodes To Be Morphed


Click Map

Click Close


Workshop 11 (continued...)Spotweld generation...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Keyword( l / k h / / il k)(select /workshop11/swgen/rail.k)


Go to Mesh → Spotweld Generation

Click Open(select /workshop11/swgen/rail.spot)

Enter Search Radius: 1.0

Cli kM P iClick Mat. Properties

Enter RO: 7.8e‐6

Enter E: 210.0

Enter SIGY: 0.35

Enter ET: 0.3

Click Create

Click Accept


Workshop 11 (continued...)Mesh smoothing...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Keyword( l / k h / i / f i l k)(select /workshop11/ptrim/C2500D‐V4f_single.k)

Enter m 146 on the command line


Deactivate CNRB, Mass, and Disc

Click the Mesh and Auto Center (AutCen) render buttons

G El T l → S hGo to Element Tools → Smooth

Select Select Elements

Activate Prop in the General Selection interface

Pick an element in the middle of PID 146 in the graphics window

Click Smooth several times

Cli k A tClick Accept


Workshop 11 (continued...)Find and delete unreferenced entities...


File > Open > LS‐DYNA Keyword( l / k h /b l d/b l d k)(select /workshop8/belted/belted.k)



Click the Unreferenced Node (UnRef) render button


Click Model Clean


GeometryGeometry


Geometry TermsLS‐PrePost 3.0 uses a new geometry engine• Open CASCADE Technology (http://www.opencascade.org)

Terminology• Vertex: a point in 3D spacep p

• Edge: a curve bounded by two vertices

• Closed Edge: an edge with only one vertexClosed Edge: an edge with only one vertex

• Wire: a curve constructed from multiple edges

• Face: a surface bounded by one or more wiresFace: a surface bounded by one or more wires

• Infinite face: a face with no bounding wires

• Shell: one or more faces with shared edgesShell: one or more faces with shared edges

• Solid: one or more shells with no open faces

• Compound Solid: one or more combined solids• Compound Solid: one or more combined solids


Geometry General SelectionPick Select a single entity

Area Select using a rectangular window

Poly Select using an irregular polygon

Sel1 Pick 1 entity (only 1 will be in buffer)

Filters are provided because geometry objects often

overlap (ex: Edges and Wires). Data types can be

turned on/off using the filters so that the desired

selection can be made

Sphe Select entities within a sphere

Box Select entities within a box

Prox Select entities within proximity to a part

Circ Select entities within a circle

Frin Select entities within a fringe plot range

Row 1: Clear All Filter, Select All Filters

Row 2: Reference Axis, Plane, Point, Coordinate

Row 3: Node, Vertex, Edge, Wire, Face, Solid/Shell

Row 4: Line Circle Plane Cylinder/Cone SurfaceFrin Select entities within a fringe plot range

Plan Select entities within a plane

ID Manually key‐in entity IDs

Row 4: Line, Circle, Plane, Cylinder/Cone Surface

In Select entities inside Area/Poly

Out Select entities outside Area/Poly

Add Add entities to a selection set

Rm Remove entities to a selection set

Adjacent Select adjacent entities

Attach Select attached entities

Clear Clear selection

Save Save selection to buffer

Load Load selection from buffer

Deselect Undo last selection

Whole Select all entities in model

Visible Select all visible entities


LS‐PrePost Intro | May 2, 2011 275


©2011 Livermore Software Technology Corporation

Ref. Geometry → AxisPurpose: create a reference axis using one of the

following methods...P t t i ith i t d di tiParameters – create axis with a point and a direction

Line – create axis with a line or an edge

Two Planes Intersect – create axis from the intersection of twoTwo Planes Intersect create axis from the intersection of two planes

Axis of Cylinder/Cone/Revol – create axis from the axis of a li d l t bj tcylinder, cone, or revolute object

Tangent with Curve – create axis that is tangent to a curve at a point on a curve

Point to Plane – create axis that passes through a point and is normal to a plane

P i t t S f t i th t th h i tPoint to Surface – create axis that passes through a point on a surface and is normal to the surface


Ref. Geometry → PlanePurpose: create a reference plane using one of the

following methods...P t t l ith i t d lParameters – create plane with a point and a normal

Through Line/Point – create plane through a point and normal to the selected line

Parallel with Point/Plane – create plane through a point parallel to a plane or face

R t t ith P i t/Li t l th h d / i /liRotate with Point/Line – create plane through an edge/axis/line at an angle to a plane or face

Offset Plane – create plane by offsetting another plane

Normal to Curve – create plane through a point and perpendicular to an edge or a curve

T t ith S f t l th t i t t tTangent with Surface – create plane that is tangent to a non‐planar surface

3 Points – create plane containing 3 points


Ref. Geometry → Coordinate SystemPurpose: create a reference coordinate system using

one of the following methods...P t t di t t b d fi i i iParameters – create coordinate system by defining an origin point, a Z direction, and an X direction

Origin/Direction – create coordinate System by picking an g y y p gorigin point, an axis as Z‐direction, and an axis as X‐direction

Point/Curve ‐ create a coordinate system by selecting a point on a curve/surface The point is projected to the curve/surfaceon a curve/surface. The point is projected to the curve/surface and then used as the origin. The normal of the projected position is used as the Z‐direction, and a local coordinate

t i t d t ti llsystem is created automatically.


Ref. Geometry → PointPurpose: create a reference point using one of the

following methods...P t t i t b t i th X Y Z di tParameters – create point by entering the X, Y, Z coordinates referenced to an optional coordinate system

Circle/Ellipse Center – create point at the center of a circlep p

Shape Center – create point at the gravity center of a shape

Curve/Curve Inter – create point at the intersection of two titi ( d f i )entities (edges or reference axis)

Curve/Surface Inter – create point at the intersection of a curve and a surface

Point to Curve/Surface – create point that is directly projected to an edge or surface

3 P i t A C t t i t t th t f i l th t3 Point Arc Center – create point at the center of a circle that passes through 3 points

Sample Curve – create points that are on a curve


Curve → PointPurpose: create a point using one of the following

methods...P t t i t b t i X Y Z di t (Parameters – create point by entering X, Y, Z coordinates (or click a position on a plane when “Sketch on Plane” is active)

Project to Curve – create point by projecting a point onto a j p y p j g pcurve

Project to Surface – create point by projecting a point onto a surfacesurface


Curve → LinePurpose: create a line using one of the following

methods...P t t li b t i X Y Z di t f 2Parameters – create line by entering X, Y, Z coordinates of 2 end points

Point/Point – create line segments by picking points. If more g y p g pthan 2 points are selected and “Closed” is active, a closed loop will be created.

Point/Axis – create line by picking a point and defining aPoint/Axis – create line by picking a point and defining a “Length” along an axis. A negative length will reverse the direction.


Curve → CirclePurpose: create a circle using one of the following

methods...P t t i l b t i t i t lParameters – create circle by entering a center point, a normal direction, and a radius

Point/Axis – create circle by selecting a center point and a y g pnormal axis

Coordinate – create circle by selecting a coordinate system

3 i t t i l b l ti 3 i t3 points – create circle by selecting 3 points


Curve → Circular ArcPurpose: create a circular arc using one of the following

methods...P t t i l b t i t i tParameters – create circular arc by entering a center point, a normal direction, a start direction, a radius, and start and end angles

Point/Axis – create circular arc by selecting a center point and a normal axis

Coordinate – create circular arc by selecting a coordinateCoordinate – create circular arc by selecting a coordinate system

3 point – create circular arc by selecting 3 points


Curve → EllipsePurpose: create an ellipse using one of the following

methods...P t t lli b t i t i tParameters – create ellipse by entering a center point, a normal direction, a start direction, and major and minor radii

Point/Axis – create ellipse by selection a center point and a p y pnormal axis

Coordinate – create ellipse by selecting a coordinate system


Curve → Elliptical ArcPurpose: create an elliptical arc using one of the

following methods...P t t lli ti l b t i t i tParameters – create elliptical arc by entering a center point, a normal direction, a start direction, major and minor radii, and start and end angles

Point/Axis – create elliptical arc by selecting a center point and a normal axis

Coordinate – create elliptical arc by selecting a coordinateCoordinate – create elliptical arc by selecting a coordinate system


Curve → SplinePurpose: create a b‐spline using one of the following

methods...I t l ti P i t t b li b i t l ti l t dInterpolation Points – create b‐spline by interpolating selected points. If more than 2 points are selected and “Closed” is active, a closed loop will be created.

Curve on Surface – create b‐spline by interpolating selected points on a surface

Sketch on Mesh – create b spline by interpolating selectedSketch on Mesh – create b‐spline by interpolating selected nodes

Curve from Mesh – create b‐spline by selecting nodes

Shell Intersection – create b‐spline at the intersection of 2 FE shell parts

Snap Edge End – snap the end points of unconnected b‐splinesSnap Edge End – snap the end points of unconnected b‐splines together


Curve → HelixPurpose: create a helix using one of the following

methods...Di t d L t h li b t i di t b tDistance and Loop – create helix by entering distance between loops and number of loops. A circle or arc must also be selected.

Height and Loop – create helix by entering total height and number of loops

Height and Distance – create helix by entering total height andHeight and Distance – create helix by entering total height and distance between loops


Curve → Wire (Composite Curve)Purpose: create a wire using one of the following

methods...Ed li t t i b ti d t thEdge list – create wire by connecting edges together

Bounds of shell – create wire by using the boundary of a shell


Curve → BreakPurpose: break a curve into multiple sub curves using

one of the following methods...A t B k lit t ti ll b d fi i f tAuto Break – split curve automatically by defining a feature angle

Manual Break – split curve by picking positions on the curvep y p g p

Batch Break – split multiple curves on faces by defining a feature angle


Curve → MergePurpose: merge neighboring curves into a single curve.

If the “Multiple” method is used, curves do not need to be selected in order The curves will be sortedto be selected in order. The curves will be sorted automatically according to neighbor distance.


Curve → BridgePurpose: bridge curves together according to the

module length of the tangent directions


Curve → SmoothPurpose: smooth a noisy curve by entering an

appropriate tolerance. A new curve can be created if “Copy” is activeCopy is active.


Curve → MidCurvePurpose: create a new curve between 2 existing curves.

The location of the new curves can be defined as a percentage from the first curve A mid point can alsopercentage from the first curve. A mid point can also be created using this interface.


Surface → PlanePurpose: create a planar surface using one of the

following methods...C di t S t t f l b l tiCoordinate System – create surface plane by selecting a coordinate system and entering the starting and ending X,Y location (in the local coordinate system)

3 Point – create surface by selecting 3 points (the size can be adjusted using a “Scale” factor)

Fit Plane – create plane by fitting through selected pointsFit Plane – create plane by fitting through selected points


Surface → CylinderPurpose: create a cylindrical surface using one of the

following methods...P t t li d b l ti di t tParameter – create cylinder by selecting a coordinate system, entering a radius, and entering start and end angles

Bottom/Top Center – create cylinder by selecting points at the p y y g pbottom center and top center


Surface → ConePurpose: create a conical surface using one of the

following methods...P t t b l ti di t tParameter – create cone by selecting a coordinate system, entering a semi angle of apex, entering a bottom radius, entering start and end angles, and entering the bottom and top height (from the origin of the coordinate system)

Bottom/Top Center – create cone by selecting points at the bottom center and top centerbottom center and top center


Surface → SpherePurpose: create a spherical surface using one of the

following methods...P t t h b l ti di t tParameter – create sphere by selecting a coordinate system and entering the radius, the start and end U angles, and the start and end V angles

Center Point – create sphere by selecting a center point and a point on the sphere (or by entering a radius)


Surface → TorusPurpose: create a toroidal surface by selecting a local

coordinate system (default is global) and entering the following parametersthe following parameters...Path radius

Profile radiusProfile radius

U start and end angles

V start and end angles


Surface → Fill PlanePurpose: create a surface by connecting edges or points

to fill a plane...B Ed d ill b d f th b d f th fBy Edges – edges will be used for the boundary of the surface

By Points – straight lines will be created between points


Surface → ExtrudePurpose: create a surface by extruding an edge or a

wire using the following steps...Pi k d / i th filPick edge/wire as the profile

Pick another edge or axis as the direction

Enter start and end distancesEnter start and end distances


Surface → RevolvePurpose: create a surface by revolving an edge or a wire

using the following steps...Pi k d / i th filPick edge/wire as the profile

Pick an axis of revolution

Enter start and end anglesEnter start and end angles


Surface → SweepPurpose: create a surface by sweeping an edge or a

wire using the following steps...Pi k d / i th filPick edge/wire as the profile

Pick a curve that defines the sweep path


Surface → LoftPurpose: create a lofted surface. A loft is a face or shell

passing through a set of sections in a given sequence Usually sections are edges or wires butsequence. Usually, sections are edges or wires, but the first and the last sections may be vertices (punctual sections).(punctual sections).


Surface → N‐SidePurpose: create a surface from a set of (N) bounding

edges. Constraints can be applied as follows...C ti it 0 th f t b 3D t ti fContinuity 0 – the surface must pass by 3D representation of the edge

Continuity 1 – the surface must pass by 3D representation of y p y pthe edge, and it must respect tangency with the first face of the edge

Auto Close – automatically connect each neighboring edgeAuto Close – automatically connect each neighboring edge

Smooth Curve – smooth boundary curves


Surface → Patch SurfacePurpose: create a surface from a region bounded by

contiguous b‐spline curves. The algorithm accepts 2, 3 or 4 bounding curves A range of filling styles (flat3, or 4 bounding curves. A range of filling styles (flat, middle, and round) are available.


Surface → BridgePurpose: create a surface by bridging faces using the

following steps...S l t d f fSelect an edge from one face

Select an edge from another face


Surface → CombinePurpose: create a surface by combining neighboring

faces or shells using the following steps...S l t f h llSelect faces or shells

Define number of U, V control points

Define degrees, max tolerance, and smoothnessDefine degrees, max tolerance, and smoothness

Select final surface type (Natural or Trimmed)

Activate "Replace Raw Faces" to remove original faces

Activate "Preview" to preview result


Surface → Fit SurfacePurpose: create a fitted surface based on an FE mesh,

nodes, or curves


Surface → Mid SurfacePurpose: create a mid surface from a solid or from top

and bottom surfacesB S f ll t id f f t fBy Surfaces – manually create a mid surface from two surfaces

By Solid – automatically create all mid surfaces from a solid objectj


Solid → BoxPurpose: create a solid box using one of the following

methods...P t t b b l ti di t tParameters – create box by selecting a coordinate system (default is global) and entering min and max X, Y, Z coordinates

2 Points – create box by selecting 2 points located at opposing y g p pp gcorners


Solid → CylinderPurpose: create a solid cylinder using one of the

following methods...P t t li d b l ti di t tParameters – create cylinder by selecting a coordinate system (default is global) and entering a radius, height, and angle

Bottom/Top Center – create cylinder by selecting points at the p y y g pbottom center and top center


Solid → ConePurpose: create a solid cone using one of the following

methods...P t t b l ti di t tParameters – create cone by selecting a coordinate system (default is global) and entering bottom and top radii, height, and angle

Bottom/Top center – create cone by selecting points at the bottom center and top center


Solid → SpherePurpose: create a solid sphere using one of the

following methods...P t t h b l ti di t tParameters – create sphere by selecting a coordinate system (default is global) and entering a radius, U start and end angles, and V start and end angles

Center Point – create sphere by selecting a center point and a point on the sphere (or by entering a radius)


Solid → TorusPurpose: create a solid torus by selecting a local

coordinate system (default is global) and entering the following parametersthe following parameters...Path radius

Profile radiusProfile radius

U start and end angles

V start and end angles


Solid → ExtrudePurpose: create a solid object by extruding surfaces in a

specified direction. The direction can be a reference axis a line or an edgeaxis, a line, or an edge.


Solid → RevolvePurpose: create a solid object by revolving a group of

faces about an axis


Solid → SweepPurpose: create a solid object by sweeping a surface

along a curve


Solid → LoftPurpose: create a solid object by lofting through a set

of closed sections in a given sequence. Usually, sections are edges wires or faces but the first andsections are edges, wires, or faces, but the first and the last sections may be vertices (punctual sections).


Solid → FilletPurpose: creates rounded internal or external faces on

shell or solid shapes. Fillets can be applied to all edges of a face selected sets of faces selectededges of a face, selected sets of faces, selected edges, or edge loops. “Equal Radius” or “Various Radius” can be used. If “Whole Shape” is active, theRadius can be used. If Whole Shape is active, the entire solid will be filleted.


Solid → ChamferPurpose: create beveled edges using one of the

following methods...A l Di t t h f b d fi i di t dAngle‐Distance – create chamfer by defining distance and an angle

Distance‐Distance – create chamfer by defining a pair of y g pdistances


Solid → DraftPurpose: create tapered faces using a specified angle.

One application is to make a molded part easier to remove from a mold A draft can be inserted in anremove from a mold. A draft can be inserted in an existing part, or a draft can be applied while extruding a feature. Drafts can be applied to solid orextruding a feature. Drafts can be applied to solid or surface objects.


Solid → ThickenPurpose: create a solid object by thickening one or

more adjacent shell or solid surfaces using the following stepsfollowing steps...Select a solid object

Select faces that will be removed for thickeningSelect faces that will be removed for thickening


Solid → WedgePurpose: create a solid wedge by selecting a local

coordinate system (default is global) and entering the following parametersthe following parameters...Length

WidthWidth

Height

Min and Max coordinates


Solid → BooleanPurpose: combine, subtract, or find the common space

occupied by two solid objects


GeoTool → Delete FacePurpose: delete independent or dependent faces from

a shell or solidD l t i l d l ti f fDelete – simple deletion of faces

Delete and Repair – delete dependent faces from shell/solid and try to extend neighboring faces (and trim with each other)y g g

Delete and Fill ‐ delete dependent faces from shell/solid and fill gaps with N‐Side surfaces


GeoTool → Extend CurvePurpose: extend a curve by selecting an edge or a

vertexSt C ditiStop Condition:

Distance – extend curve by a distance

Up to Face – extend curve to a faceUp to Face extend curve to a face

Up to Vertex – extend curve to a vertex

Extension Type:

Linear – extend curve tangent to the original curve

Same Curve – extend curve using existing curvature

E t d F t d th f (if th iExtend on Face – extend curve on the face (if the curve is located on a face)


GeoTool → Extend SurfacePurpose: extend a surface by selection a face or an

edgeSt C ditiStop Condition:

Distance – extend surface by a distance

Up to Face – extend surface to a faceUp to Face extend surface to a face

Up to Vertex – extend surface to a vertex

Extension Type:

Linear – extend surface tangent to the original face

Same Surface – extend surface using existing curvature


GeoTool → IntersectionPurpose: create entities at the intersection of two

geometry data sets using one of the following methodsmethods...Standard – create intersections of data in set 1 with set 2

Mutual – create intersections within a single set of dataMutual create intersections within a single set of data

Note: a vertex will be created when a curve intersects another curve or a surface. A curve will be created when a

f i t t th fsurface intersect another surface.


GeoTool → OffsetPurpose: create geometry offsets using one of the

following methods...F /Sh ll l t f h ll t ff t di t dFace/Shell – select a face or shell, enter an offset distance, and activate the “Round Corner” option

Plane Edge/Wire – select planar edge/wire and enter an offset g p gdistance. The resulting edge/wire will be in the same plane.

Edge on Face – select edges from a face and enter an offset distance The resulting edge will locate on the same surfacedistance. The resulting edge will locate on the same surface.


GeoTool → ProjectPurpose: project vertices, edges, and wires onto a face

or shellN l P j ti fi t l t d ti ti f / h ll ThNormal Projection – first select a destination face/shell. Then select a vertex/edge/wire. Finally, select a line or an axis as the projection direction. If a direction is omitted, LS‐PrePost will test to see if the destination object is planar. If yes, the normal of the destination object will be used. If no, LS‐PrePost will test to see if the source object is planar.


GeoTool → Replace FacePurpose: replace a face using the following steps...

Create a new surface using N‐Side surface

S l t f t b l d ith th fSelect surfaces to be replaced with the new surface


GeoTool → StitchPurpose: stitch independent faces into a shell

Try to Make Solid – convert the shell to a solid if it forms an enclosed volumeenclosed volume

All Faces – select all faces from the current model

Dis Tol – set distance tolerance to control the stitchingg

Non‐manifold Mode – stitch faces that come together in a t‐configuration

G b P t tit h f th t b l t th tGroup by Part – stitch faces that belong to the same part


GeoTool → TrimPurpose: use edges or faces to trim other edges or

facesSt d d d fi t i t l d l t titi t b t i dStandard – define a trim tool and select entities to be trimmed. Activate “Raw Trim Tool” to extend the tool if it does not reach the entities to be trimmed

Mutual – trim multiples faces using the faces themselves

Cut solid – trim a solid object

S lit f lit f b i ki 2 f d i tSplit face – split a face by picking 2 face edge points


GeoTool → TransformPurpose: perform standard 3D transformations

Translate – translate geometry objects in a specified direction

R t t t t t bj t b t iRotate – rotate geometry objects about an axis

Scale – scale geometry objects about a reference point

Mirror – reflect geometry objects about a referenceMirror reflect geometry objects about a reference point/axis/plane

Transform – transform geometry objects from one coordinate t t thsystem to another

Copy – create new geometry entities while performing transformations


GeoTool → CopyPurpose: copy geometry entities

To Current Assembly – new geometry entities will be created in the current assemblythe current assembly

To New Assembly – new geometry entities will be created in a new assembly

To Specify Assembly – new geometry entities will be create in a specified assembly

Move to Specify Assembly – geometry entities will be movedMove to Specify Assembly – geometry entities will be moved from one assembly to another


GeoTool → ManagePurpose: manage geometric entities

(un)Blank – blank or unblank independent entities

D l t d l t i d d t titi ( 't d l t fDelete – delete independent entities (you can't delete a face from a shell or an edge from an face)

(un)BlkAll – blank or unblank the whole model

Export – export entities in IGES or STEP format

SplitShell – split all shells and solids into independent faces

Glo/Loc – Glo lists only independent objects, Loc lists all

To 2.x – convert points/curves/surfaces to version 2.4 data structurestructure

Undo – undo last (un)Blank or Delete operation

ClearModel – remove all geometry objects and reference geometry from current model


GeoTool → Heal → FacePurpose: fix problems related to faces

Find and remove duplicated faces

Fi d d ll f / dFind and remove small faces/edges


GeoTool → Heal → EdgePurpose: fix problems related to edges

Toggle – stitch neighboring faces by selecting a seed edge

U t l tit h i hb i fUntoggle – unstitch neighboring faces

Replace – replace a raw edge with another edge

Suppress – under development (not currently used)Suppress under development (not currently used)

Small Edges – find small edges

Break – under development (not currently used)


GeoTool → Heal → VertexPurpose: fix problems related to vertices

Add – insert a vertex into an edge (break the edge into two sub edges at the new vertex)edges at the new vertex)

Move – move a vertex on a edge to a specified position (the new position should not be far away)

Remove – search and remove redundant vertices according to a specified break angle


GeoTool → Heal → HolePurpose: find and remove holes

Inner Hole – find and remove holes that are entirely within a single surfacesingle surface

Outer Hole – find and remove holes that are located on multiple surfaces or on the outer boundary of a surface

Inner Hole

Outer hole


GeoTool → Simplify → Untrim SurfacePurpose: untrim surfaces

All Trim Edges – select wire from a face or faces to recover the raw surfaceraw surface

Inner Trim Edge Only – select wire from a face or faces to remove all the inner edges (all holes) on the face

Manual Selection Edges – select edge from a face to remove the selected edges by connecting or extending two neighboring edges on the faceedges on the face


GeoTool → Simplify → Fillet Surf. RemovePurpose: remove filleted edges from a solid surface

Find – search for filleted surfaces

A l fill t b t di i hb f dApply – remove fillets by extending neighbor faces and trimming them


GeoTool → Simplify → Fillet Edge RemovePurpose: remove filleted edges from a shell surface

Find – search for filleted surfaces

A l fill t b t di i hb f dApply – remove fillets by extending neighbor faces and trimming them


GeoTool → Simplify → Edge ReshapePurpose: reshape surface boundaries based on edge

tangents at two selected points


GeoTool → MeasurePurpose: measure the distance between two points,

the radius and angle of a circular arc, the normal of a plane whether two circles are co centered whetherplane, whether two circles are co‐centered, whether two lines are parallel, etc... You can also show or hide the ID of any geometry object.hide the ID of any geometry object.If Vertices/Edges/Faces/Shapes are active, the label of each corresponding entity will be shown

If a geometry object is selected, its information will be listed

If two geometry objects are selected, the relationship between the objects will be evaluatedthe objects will be evaluated


Workshop 12pCreate Bottle Geometry


Workshop 12Create construction vertices...


Go to Curve → Point


Enter XYZ: 25,0,0

Click Apply

Enter XYZ: 25,7.5,0

Click Apply

Enter XYZ: 0,15,0

Click Apply

Enter XYZ: ‐25,7.5,0

Click Apply

Enter XYZ: ‐25,0,0

Click Apply

Click the Auto Center (AutCen) render button( )


Workshop 12 (continued...)Create profile edges...

Go to Curve → Line

Select Method: Point/Point

Click the Selection List box

Pick vertices 1 and 2

Click Apply

Pick vertices 4 and 5

Click Apply

Go to Curve → Circular Arc

Select Method: 3 Points


Pick vertices 2, 3, and 4 (in that order)

Click Apply


Workshop 12 (continued...)Create a reference axis for reflection...

Go to Reference Geometry → Axis

Select Method: Two Points


Pick vertices 1 and 5 (in that order)

Click Apply

Reflect the profile edges...

Go to Geometry Tools → Transform

Select Transform Type: Reflect

Click in the Source Entity box

Pick all 3 edges

Click in the Point/Axis/Plane box

Pick the reference axis

Activate Copy

Click Applypp y


Workshop 12 (continued...)Create a surface from the profile edges...

Go to Surface → Fill Plane

Select Method: By Edges



Click Apply.


Workshop 12 (continued...)Create a solid (the Body) by extruding the profile surface...

Go to Solid → Extrude

Click the Face List box

Pick the surface

Enter End Distance: 70

Click Apply



Workshop 12 (continued...)Round the edges of the Body...

Go to Solid → Fillet

Click the Shape List box

Pick any face of the solid

Select Equal Radius

Enter Radius: 2.5

Activate Whole Shape

Click Apply


Workshop 12 (continued...)Create a reference coordinate system...

Go to Reference Geometry → Point

Select Method: Shape Center


Pick the top face (farthest from extruded edges)

Click Apply

Go to Reference Geometry → Axis

Select Method: Point to Plane


Pick the top face and the reference point

Click Apply

Go to Reference Geometry → Coordinate System

Select Method: Origin/Direction

Click the Origin box

Pick the reference pointp

Click the Z Dir box

Pick the reference axis

Click Applypp y


Workshop 12 (continued...)Create a solid cylinder (the Neck)...

Go to Solid → Cylinder


Click the Coordinate Sys box

Pick the coordinate system

Enter Radius: 7.5

Enter End Height: 7

Enter End Angle: 360

Click Apply

Combine the Body and Neck (to form a Bottle)...

Go to Solid → Boolean

Select Method: Union

Click the Solid Shape 1 box

Pick the Body

Click the Solid Shape 2 boxp

Pick the Neck

Click Apply


Workshop 12 (continued...)Hollow out the Bottle...

Go to Solid → Thicken

Click the Solid Shape box

Pick the Bottle

Click the Remove Faces List box

Pick the top surface of the Neck

Enter Thickness: 0.6

Click Apply


Workshop 12 (continued...)Create some circles (to create Threads on Neck)...


Select Method: Coordinate



Enter Radius: 7.9

Click Apply



Enter Radius: 7.2

Click Apply

Click the Wireframe Geometry (WirGeo)render button


Workshop 12 (continued...)Create helices from the circles...

Go to Curve → Helix

Select Method: Height and Loop

Click the Circle/Arc List box

Pick one of the circles

Enter Height: 7

Enter Loop Number: 3

Click Apply

Click the Circle/Arc List box

Pick the other circle

Click Apply


Workshop 12 (continued...)Loft the helices and extrude the surface...

Go to Surface → Loft

Click the Profile Shapes box

Pick both helices

Click Apply

Go to Solid → Extrude

Click the Face List box

Pick the lofted surface

Click the Direction List box

Pick the axis normal to the top Neck face(in the reference coordinate system)

Enter End Distance: 0.4

Click Apply


Workshop 12 (continued...)Remove redundant shapes...

Go to Geometry Tools → Management

In the Entity List box, select all items except the two lid i isolid entities

Click Delete


Click the Shaded Geometry With Edges (EdgGeo) render button


Configuration FileConfiguration File


Configuration Configuration files • Lsppconf – record general configuration parameters, user the pull down menu “Setting”‐>”Configuration Settings” to set parameters

• Lspplasttouch – record last session windows size, dialog location, file path, etc.

C fi i T lb f d t lb fi ti• Configuire_Toolbar.cfg – record toolbar configurations

• .lspp_recent – record recently used files and their locations

f f l lConfiguration file location • Windows – c:\users\uname\AppData\Roaming\LSTC\LS‐PrePost

• Linux ‐ $HOME/LSTC/LS‐Prepost


LS-PrePost Intro 050211

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