LIST OF PARl'ICIPANTS Dr. Getulio Agostini Escuela de ...978-3-642-69024-2/1.pdf · Dr. Getulio...
Transcript of LIST OF PARl'ICIPANTS Dr. Getulio Agostini Escuela de ...978-3-642-69024-2/1.pdf · Dr. Getulio...
LIST OF PARl'ICIPANTS Dr. Getulio Agostini Escuela de Biologia Apartado 47850, Caracas Codigo 104lA, Venezuela
Dr. M. Teresa Almeida A1:>artado 3015 Instituto Botanico Arcos Do Jardim 3049 Coimbra Portugal
Dr. James Archie Department of Zoology University of Hawaii at Manoa Edmondson Hall 2538 The Mall Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 USA
Dr. Emel A. Atac Department of r~anagement ~1iddle East Technical University Ankara, Turkey
Dr. William R. Atchley Department of Entomology Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison 237 Russell Laboratories 1630 Linden Drive Madison, Wisconsin 53706 USA
Dr. Hans J. Bandelt FB6, Universitat Oldenburg 2900 Oldenburg West Germany
Dr. Mary Barkworth Dept. of Biology UMC 45 Utah State University Logan, Utah 84322 USA
Dr. B. R. Bauro Biosystematics Research Institute Central Experimental Farm Ottawa, Ontario KIA OC6 Canada
Dr. Jaap J. Beintema Biochemisch Laboratorium Nijenborgh 16 9747 AG GRONINGEN Netherlands
Dr. Gabriella Bianchi-Schmidt FAO Room F-226 Viadelle Termedi Caraca11a 00100 Rome Italy
Dr. Frank A. Bisby Biology Dept., Bldg. 44 University Southampton S09 5NH England, UK
Dr. Marsden Blois Medical Center Room A-16 University of California-San Franci San Francisco, California 94143 Ul
Dr. Mireille Bruschi Laboratoire de Chimie Bacterienne CNRS 31 Ch. J. Aiguier 13274 Marseille, France
Dr. Joao Cabral Lab. Naciona1 de Engenharia e Technologia Indust. 2685 Sacavem Portugal
Dr. Luis Cruz Carneiro Estacao Agronomica Nacional Quinta do Marques 2780 Oeiras, Portugal
Dr. J. Douglas Carroll Bell Laboratories Room 2C-553 Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974 USA
Dr. Donald Col less Div. of Entomology CSIRO P. O. Box 1700 Canberra City, ACT 2601 Australia
Dr. Marco Corti Istituto di Anatomia Comparata Universita di Roma "Battista Grassi" Via Alfonso Borelli, 50-00161 Rome, Italy
Dr. Joel Cracraft Dept. of Anatomy
631
University of Illinois Hedical Ctr. Chicago, Illinois 60680 USA
Dr. Jorge V. Crisci Division Plantas Vasculares Museo de La Plata 1900 La Plata Argentina
Dr. Rubens A. da Cunha Depto de Matematica e Estatistica IGCE - UNESP Rio Claro - SP 13500 Brazil
Dr: Kevin Daly Department of Biology California State University Northridge, California 9133Q USA
Dr. William H. E. Day Dept. of Computer Science Memorial Univ. of Newfoundland St. John's, Newfoundland AIC 5S7 Canada
Dr. PaulO. Degens Abt. Statistik der Universitaet Post. 500500, 46 Dortmund 50 04600 Dortmund 50, West Germany
Dr. E. G. Easton Annelida Section, Dept. of Zoology British Museum (Natural History) Cromwell Road London SW7 5ED England, UK
Dr. Walter Erde1en Zool. Institut der Universit~t Seidlstr. 25, 8 Munc~en 2 West Ger!llany
Dr. John A. Endler Biology Department University of Utah Salt Lake city, Utah 84112 USA
Dr. George F. Estabrook Div. of Biological Sciences Natural Sciences Building University of Hichigan Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 USA
Dr. Daniel P. Faith CSIRO Division of Land Use Research Survey Methodology Group P. O. Box 1666 Canberra City, ACT Australia 2601
Dr. Joseph Felsenstein Department of Genetics University of Edinburgh Edinburgh, EH9 3JN Scotland, UK
Dr. Jocelyne Ferraris C.E.R.S.E. Universite du Quebec a aontreal Montreal, P. Q. H3C 3P8 Canada
Dr. Kent Fiala Dept. of Ecology and Evolution State University of New York
at Stony Brook Stony Brook, New York 11794 USA
632
Dr. Walter Fitch Dept. of Physiological Chemistry Univ. of Wisconsin Medical Center 1215 Linden Drive 589 Medical Sciences Bldg. Hadison, Wisconsin 53706 USA
Dr. Vicki A. Funk Botany Department Nat. Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution Washington, D. C. 20560 USA
ths-s Li lia Gama Campi 110, INIREB Km 2.5 Carretera antigua a Coatepe( Xalapa, Veracruz 91000 Apartado postal 63 91000 Hexico
Dr. Susan Gardner Texas A & M University Dept. of Biology College Station, Texas 77843 USA
Dr. Amy Jean Gilmartin Botany Department Washington State University Pullman, Washington 99164 USA
Dr. Daniel F. Goujet Insti tut de Paleontologie du r1useul 8 Rue de Buffon Paris 75005, France
Dr. John C. Gower Statistics Deoartment Rothamsted Experimental Station Harpenden Herts AL5 2JQ England, UK
Dr. Lajos J. Hajdu Box 559 S-751 22 Uppsala Sweden
Dr. Roger I. C. Hansell Department of Zoology University of Toronto Toronto, Ontario M5S lAl Canada
Mr. Gene Hart Department of Ecology & Evolution State University of New York
at Stony Brook Stony Brook, New York 11794 USA
Dr. Steve Hartman Dept. of Anatomical Sciences, HSC State University of New York
at Stony Brook Stony Brook, New York 11794 USA
Dr. Jean-Marie Hubac Laboratoire de Taxonomie Vegetale Experimentale et Nurnerique Universite de Paris XI Centre d'Orsay, Batiment 362 91405 Orsay France
Dr. Lawrence J. Hubert Dept. of Education University of California
633
Santa Barbara, California 93106 USA
Dr. Kani Isik Biddle East Technical University Dept. of Biological Science Ankara, Turkey
Dr. Michel Jarnbu CNET/PAA/ATR/MTI 38-40 rue du General LeClerc 92131 Issy-Les-Moulineaux France
Dr. Richard J. Jensen Department of Biology Saint Mary's College Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
Dr. Aykut Kence Dept. of Biological Sciences Middle East Technical University Ankara, Turkey
Dr. Pierre Legendre Dept. de Sciences biologiques Universite de Montreal CP 6128 Succursale A Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7 Canada
Dr. Walter J. LeQuesne Anne Cottage 70 Lye Green Road Chesham, Bucks, HP5 3NB England, UK
Dr. I. C. Lerman Institut de Recherche en Informatiql et Systems Aleatoires, Labo. Stat. Cam?us Universitaire de Beaulieu Avenue du General Leclerc 35042 Rennes Cedex France
Dr. Manuel B. Lima Departomento de Fitopatologia Estacao Agronomica Nacional Oeiras, Portugal
Dr. Paul G. Mahlberg Dept. of Biology Indiana University Jordan Hall 138 Bloomington, Indiana 47402 USA
Dr. Leslie F. Marcus Department of Biology Queens College Flushing, New York 11367 USA
Dr. David W. Matula Computer Sciences Department Southern Methodist University Dallas, Texas 75275 USA
Dr. F. R. McMorris Dept. of Mathematics Bowling Green State Univ. Bowling Green, Ohio 43403 USA
Dr. John McNeill Department of Biology University of Ottawa Ottawa KIN 6N5 Canada
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Dr. Christopher Meacham Dept. of Computer Science Memorial Univ. of Newfoundland St. John's, Newfoundland AIC 5S7 Canada
Dr. Glenn W. Milligan 339 Hagerty Hall Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio 43210 USA
Dr. Maria H. Moreira Dept. de Biologia Universidade de Aveiro 3800 Aveiro, Portugal
Dr. Maria Morlion Rijksuniversiteit-Gent Laboratoria voor morfologie en
Systematiek Museum voor Dierkunde, B-9000 Gent K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, Belgium
Dr. Wayne Moss The Academy of Natural Sciences 19th & The Parkway Philadelphia, Pa. 19103 USA
Dr. Robert J. Owen Deputy Curator, Nat. Collection of Type Cultures, Central Pub. Health Colindale Avenue London NW9 5HT England, UK
Dr. Christophe Perruchet CNET/PAA/ATR/!1TI 38 Rue du General Leclerc 92131 Issy-les-Moulineaux France
Dr. Alberto Piazza Instituto di Genetica Medica dell' Universita di Torino via Santena 19 10126 Torino Italy
Dr. David Pavel Dept. of Systematics and
Evolutionary Biologie Kaiserstr. 63 2300RA Leiden the Netherlands
Dr. P. Mick Richardson New York Botanical Garden Bronx, New York 10458 USA
Dr. Paul Richy CNET/PAA/ATR/HIT 38, 40 Rue du General Leclerc 92131 Issy-les-Moulineaux France
Dr. F. James Rohlf Department of Ecology & Evolution State University of New York
at Stony Brook Stony Brook, New York 11794 USA
Dr. R. Heiner Schirmer 1m Neuenheimer Feld 6900 Heidelberg Federal Republic of Germany
Dr. Gary Schnell Department of Zoology University of Oklahoma Norman, Oklahoma 73069 USA
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Dr. Georg E. Schulz Max-Planck Institut fuer
medizinische Forschung Abteilung:Biophysik Jahnstrasse 29, 6900 Heidelberg Germany
Dr. H. K. Seth Department of Biological Sciences Stow College Shamrock Street Glasgow G4 9LD Scotland, UK
Mr. Kwang-Tsao Shao Department of Ecology & Evolution State University of New York
at Stony Brook Stony Brook, New York 11794 USA
Dr. Christine Simon Department of Zoology Uni versi ty of Havlaii Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 USA
Mr. Paul G. Smith Plant Sciences Deoartment University of Western Ontario London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
Dr. Peter H. A. Sneath MRC Microbial Systematics Unit University of Leicester University Road Leicester LEI 7RH England, UK
Dr. Robert R. Sakal Department of Ecology & Evolution State University of New York
at Stony Brook Stony Brook, New York 11794 USA
Mr. David L. Swofford Dept. of Genetics & Development University of Illinois 505 S. Goodwin Urbana, Illinois 61801 USA
Dr. Juan Tamames Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas "Abel Salazar" Largo da Escola Hedica 4000 Porto Portugal
Hs. Lynn Taylor Department of Botany University of St. Andrews St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9AL Scotland, UK
Dr. Roger Thorpe Dept. of Zoology University of Aberdeen Tillydrone Avenue Aberdeen AB9 2TN Scotland, UK
Dr. ~'Valter Titz Institut fuer Botanik der
Universitaet Wien Rennweg 14 A-1030 Wien Austria
Dr. Pauline Topham Scottish Crop Research Institute Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA Scotland, UK
Dr. Desoina Vokou Laboratory of Ecology, POB 119 Univ. of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki, Greece
636
Dr. Robert Voss Museum of Zoology, Div. of Mammals University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Hichigan 48109 USA
Hiss Elizabeth A. Coombs Harvard Universitv Herbaria 22 Divinity Avenue Cambr idge, ~1ass. 0213 8 USA
Dr., Joan Georgudaki Zoological Laboratory University of Patras Patras, Greece
Hiss Nancy Horeno, INIREB Km 2.5 Antigua carre.tera a Coatepec Apdo. Postal 63, Xalapa, Veracruz 91000 ~lexico
accession list, 259 Acer, 364 Adams consensus tree, 82, 132 adaptation, 469 adaptive characters, 296 additive,
binary coding, 45 genetic variance, 346
adenyl ate kinase, 489 advancement, chemical, 495 Aesculus, 364 affinity diagram, 495 Afghanistan, 474 aggregation,~ 209 agglomerative algorithms, 53,
97, 474 algorithm,
for estimating parsimonious trees, 335
for optimal classification, 137
259 tree-optimizing, Wagner, 259
Allardtia (Bromeliaceae),
allometry, 346 Aloe, 364
112, 524
amino acid replacements, 479 anagenesis, 464 analytical schemes, 505 Anoplophytum, 524 anthesis, 364 antibodies against protein, 489 area-C(alpha) distance, 484 ascospores, 547 association, spatial, 209 asymptotic limits, 167 autocorrelation,
spatial, 209, 384 automatic data acquisition,
583, 620 average linkage method, 167,
254, 527, 543, 552 bacteria, 490, 536 Barley cultivars, 340 BASIC, 600, 620 behavior, 562 behaviors,
association among, 562 bifurcating tree, 132 binary variables, 254, 557 biochemical systematics, 495,
500 biogeography, 1, 424, 464
vicariance, 424 biosynthetic pathways, 495 box, data, 505 Bromeliaceae, 112, 524 brooms, 117 caliper, digital, 620 Caminalcules, 76 Camin-Sokal,
method, 340
parsimony criterion, 315 Campa nul a, 364 canonical,
analysis, 405, 557 variates, 536, 552
carpenter bees, large, 543 catfish, 259 Chaetomium, 547 chain fold,
similarity, 484 simulated, 484
chaining, concurrent 156 character transformation series,
hypothesized, 340 deduced from true
cladogram, 340 character,
adaptive, 296 compatibility, 524 correlation, 557 multi-state, 296, 383 organoleptic, 582 -pair matrix, 296 partial binary, 304 plesiomorphic, 18 qualitative taxonomic,
set, 117 state randomness,
coefficient of, 296 two-state, 29.6 uniquely derived, 296 values, missing, 557 weighting, 18, 557 weights, 340
character state, 102 highly advanced, 495 tree, 87, 279
279, 304
characters, shared derived, 524 charges of amino acids, 479 chemical,
advancement, 495 complexity, 495
chemotaxonomy, 500, 582 chemotaxonomic database, 625 Chenopodium, 364 Chironomus (Diptera), 532 chordal graph, 304 chromatography, 474
gas-liquid, 500 chromosome,
evolution pathway, 532 inversion model, 532 numbers, 552
chymotrypsin, 484 cicadas, periodical, 378 cladistic,
analysis, 87 character, 304 classification, 76 relationships, 22
cladistics, 1, 18, 38, 47, 53, 72, 76, 82, 87, 92,
137, 315, 378, 495 numerical, 259, 315 versus phenetics, 1, 53, 72,
76, 82, 92, 527 cladograms, 22, 76, 259
accuracy of, 424 concordance, 424 consensus, 76, 424 estimated, 38 precision of, 424 stability of, 38, 76 true, 38
classes, comparison of, 179 classifiability, 179, 199 classification, 18
based on ordonnance, 179 based on preordonnance, 179 based on similarity, 18, 179 cladistic, 1, 76 comparison of, 137, 167, 174 cytotaxonomic, 552 distances between, 127, 137 errors in, 102 general-purpose, 22 hierarchical, 137 maximal predictive, 137 methodology of, 199 nonhierarchical, 137 of coefficients, 505 optimal, 137 natural, 1, 18, 22 phenetic, 1, 76 purpose of, 22, 538 significance, 199 significant levels, 179 significant nodes, 179 stability of, 538 statistical, 22 verifiability of, 22
clinal variation, 469 clines, 405, 424 clique, 53, 156, 296, 524 closest-partitions distance,
127 cluster, 469
analysis, 405, 543, 557, 562 interpretation, 532 statistics, 209 validation, 167 validity, 156
clustering, by taxonomic information, 97 ecological data, 505 comparison of, 167 methods, 156, 315, 474, 536,
547 average linkage, 167, 254,
524, 552 classificatory power of,
174 complete linkage, 156, 167 flexible clustering, 167 hierarchical, 249
638
k-blocks, 156 k-components, 156 k-linkage, 156 phenetic, 87 single-linkage, 117,
156, 167 specificity of, 174 stability of, 174 UPGMA, 82, 254, 469, 524,
527, 536, 552 WPGMA, 167
space-time, 209 statistical hypothesis
testing in, 179, 209 clusters,
conformity of, 174 dumbbell, 156
coding, 53 additive binary, 87, 378 gap, 378, 383 homogeneous subset, 378 of morphometric characters,
378, 383 segment, 378
coefficient of character-state randomness, 296
coefficients, classification of, 505
cohesion, 117 Colless consensus index, 132 combinatorial data analysis, 209 common equals primitive, 279 comparison,
of classes, 179 of classifications, 137, 174 of ordinations, 543 of partitions, 209
compatibility, 279, 304, 524 analysis, 87, 279, 296, 495 method, 315, 340
complete linkage method, 156 complexity, chemical, 495 components of a graph, 156 computers, 583-629 concordance, 209
of cladograms, 424 concurrent,
chaining, 156 flow, 156
CONFOR, 625 conformation of proteins, 479 conformity of clusters, 174 congruence, 53, 76, 82,
87, 92, 117 consensus, 340
cladogram, 76, 424 function, 122 index, 76, 132
Colless, 82, 132 distribution of, 132 levels sum, 132 Mickevich, 82, 132 Rohlf, 82, 132
term information, 132 total information, 132
tree, 76, 87, 122, 132, 543 Adams, 82, 132 strict, 76, 87, 132 durchschnitt, 122
consistency, 315 index, 527
contact zones, 464 continuous variables, 383,
552, 557 convex group, 279 convexity, hypothesis of, 279 cooperatives, 582 cophenetic,
correlation coefficient, 469, 543
matrix, 174 COREM, 532 correlated responses, 346 correlation,
character, 557 genetic, 346
correlation coefficient, cophenetic, 469, 543 matrix, 543 product moment, 117
correlogram, spatial, 384 cotton, 364 criterion measure, external, cross-classification, 209 cytochromes, 490 cytotaxonomy, 552 D-squared distance, 469 data box, 505 database, 600, 625 data,
acquisition, automatic,
loggers, portable, 620 retrieval, 600, 625
Delesseria, 364 DELTA format, 625 dendrogram, 474, 527, 547
geometry, 174 topology, 174
167
583, 620
densities, mixture of, 199 derived characters, shared, 524 descriptors in ecology, 505 design, sampling, 505 diagram, affinity, 495 Diaphoranthema, 524 digital caliper, 620 digitizers, 583 dimensional analysis, 505 dimensionality, 538 discriminant analysis, 405, 536,
dissimilarity, matrix, 137, 229 of classifications, 127
distance, area-C(alpha) , 484
557
639
between classifications, 127 between trees, 127 distributions of, 484 generalized, 552 genetic, 451 functions, 532 matrix, 229, 249, 259, 557 r.m.s.-C(alpha), 484 Wagner method, 53 weighting of, 557
distribution of classification criteria,
179 of consensus indices, 132 of distances between trees,
127 diversi ty, 505 divisive algorithms, 53, 97,
335 DNA sequencing, 315, 489 dogmatism vs. eclecticism, Dollo parsimony criterion,
domains, 484 Drosophila, 384 dumbbell clusters, 156 duplication, tandem gene, eclecticism vs. dogmatism, ecology, 505
numerical, 505 ecospecies, 536 ecotone, 424 eigenvalue, negative, 174 electron-transfer proteins, electrophoretic data, 254 envelope, 364 environmental correlation, errors,
exclusion, 102 in classification, 102 inclusion, 102
erythrocytes, 489 estimation,
72 315,
340
484 72
490
346
in hierarchical clustering, 249
of cladograms, of phylogenies,
Euphorbia, 500 evolutionary,
models, 87
38 315
rates, 1, 87, 315, 451, 479 systematics, 1, 18, 92 tree, 259, 315
EXIR, 625 EXIRPOST, 625 external criterion statistics,
167 Fabaceae, 117 Fagus, 364 falsifiability, 22 feature extraction,
automatic, 583 ferredoxins, 490
flavonoids, 474, 495 flow, concurrent, 156 flow chart of numerical
flower, 364 FORTRAN, 600
taxonomy,
Fourier analysis, 364 Fowlkes and Mallows index, freedom and dimensionality, functional complex, 117 fungi, 547 gap coding, 378, 383 gene,
duplication, 484 frequencies, 444, 451 flow, 469
genetic, correlation, 346 distance, 451 variance, additive, 346
Genistinae (Leguminosae/Fabaceae),
geographic, differentiation, 424 distribution, 474 variation, 209, 384-473
geographical, analysis, 424 records, 625
geometric representation of a tree, 137,
Gilmour, J. S., 22 giraffe, 479 gliding bacteria, 536 global statistics of levels
538
167 538
117
167
tree, 179 globularity of a protein, 484 glossary of microcomputer
jargon, 620 glutathione reductase, 484, 489 glycoprotein, 479 goodness of fit, of models, Gossypium, 364 gorses, 117 gradients,
character, geographic, selection,
graph,
424 424
424
chordal, 304 components of, intersection, random, 199
156 304
graph theory, 304 grass snakes, 464 growth variation, hairs,
lateral, 547
405
229
terminal, 547 hardware, computer, Hennig, W., 18, 495 heritability, 346
583, 600, 620
hierarchical clustering methods,
640
249 378 homogeneous subset coding,
homology, 22, 53, 137 homoplasy, 53, 340, 495, 527
prevalence of, 259 Hordeum, 340 host and parasite,
coevolution, human gene frequencies,
hybrid zones, 464 identification, 536
489 444,
451
image analysis, 583 immunological distance, 479 incompatibilities, 296 incongruence, 117 index,
rough, 179 similarity, 547 standardized, 179
inflorescence, 364 information,
content, 22, 47, 107 predictive taxonomic, 97 redundant, 557
initial structure, modification of, 174
instability, 117 interfacing, electronic, 620 internal cohesion, 117 intersection graph, 304 intra individual variation, 364 intraspecific lineages, 464 introgression, 557 inversion, chromosome, 532 Iran, 474 island divergence, 405 isolation by distance model,
isology, 22 Jaccard index, 167 jargon, microcomputer,
glossary of, 620 jaw characters, 346
444
k-blocks clustering, 156 k-components clustering, 156 k-linkage clustering, 156 kinase, adenylate, 489 Lasthenia, 495 lactifer, 500 landmarks, 583 languages, programming, 600
547 latex, 500 lateral hairs, leaf, 364 Leguminosae, 117 Lepidoptera, 538 levels sum consensus likelihood, maximum,
local statistics
index, 132 137, 249,
315
of levels tree, 179 macromolecular structure, 489
Magicicada (Homoptera), 378 mainframes, 600 malaria parasites, 489 Manhattan distances, 53, 82 mammals, 479 maps, of geographic variation,
384, 444 Marchantiaceae, 495 matches asymptote, 22 maternal effects, 346 matrix,
additive distance, 249, 259 character-pair, 296 cophenetic, 174 correlation, 543 dissimilarity, 137, 229 distance, 229, 249, 259 positive semi-definite, 174 proximity, 209, 229, 249 trace of, 174
maximal predictive classification, 137
maximum likelihood, 137, 249, 315 mesic habit, 524 metabolic pathways,
evolution of, 484 Mickevich consensus index, 132 microcomputers, 600, 620 microorganisms, 536 microphylogenesis,· 464 migration, 424, 444 minicomputers, 600 missing character values, 112,
557 mixture
of densities, 199 of tree and dimensional
structure, 229 model, 137, 364 molecular evolution, 479 moments,
of distribution, of classification criteria,
179 monographic database, 625 monographic information centers,
625 monophyletic groups, 1, 18,
42, 315 Monte Carlo methods, 132 morphological descriptions, 625 morphometrics, 254, 346, 378,
384, 552, 557 mosaic variation, 405 mosquitos, 527 moth, ermine, 538 multidimensional scaling,
nonmetric, 405 mUlti-state characters, 296, 383 multiplotting, 405 multivariate analysis, 469,
557, 562 Natrix (Reptilia), 464
641
natural classification, 22, 102 group, 1, 18 selection, 451
nearest-neighbor interchange distance, 127
network construction, 296 neutrality of an element,
measure of, 179 nomenclatural list, 625 non-classifiability, 199 non-link, hypothesis of, 179 nonmetric multidimensional
scal ing, 405 nonparametric statistics, 209 nonspecificity hypothesis, 92,
117 normal deviate, 296 natural selection, 405 numerical,
cladistics, 259, 315 ecology, 505 oenology, 582
oaks, 53 occurrence,
relative probability of, 495 oenology, numerical, 582 optimal classification, 137 Orchidaceae, 18 ordination, 405, 464, 543 ordonnance, 179 Othopteroids, 296 outgroup, 107 overall similarity, 18, 53 Palearctic, 464 pancreas, 479 parallelism, 479 paraphyletic group, 1, 18,
45, 107 parasite, host and,
coevolution, 489 parasites, malaria, 489 parsimony, 22, 45, 102, 107,
315, 335, 479, 527 partitions,
comparison of, 209 optimal, 102 type of, 199
Pascal, 600 path length tree, 229 pathways,
biosynthetic, 495 metabolic, evolution of, 484
Pecora, 479 perithecium, 547 personalities
vs. principles, 72 phenetic,
classification, 1, 18, 47, 53, 72, 76, 82, 92, 117, 137, 495, 538
clustering, 87, 112, 315 relationships, 22 similarity, 18, 469
phenetics, 38, 315 versus cladistics, 47, 82,
92, 527 phenogram, 254, 469, 552 philosophy, 22 Phragmites, 474 phylogenesis, 464 phylogenetic,
inference, 87 tree, 279
phylogenies, 87, 315, 490 phylogeny, 22, 53, 527
estimation, 315, 335, 424, 451
reconstruction, 424 Phytarrhiza, 524 Pinus, 469 plant systematics, 47 plasmodia, 489 pleiotropy, 346 Pleistocene forest refugia, 424 plesiomorphic character, 45, 53 polarity of character, 335, 495 polygenic characters, 346 polymorphism, 364, 474
parsimony criterion, 315, 340
polypeptide chain fold, 484 polyphyletic group, I, 18 polyploidy, 474, 552, 557 population variation, 469 Populus, 364 portable data loggers, 620 Portugese wines, 582 prediction, 102 predictive value, 102 predictivity, 22 preordonnance, 179
ultrametric, 179 primary structure
of proteins, 479 primary zones, 464 primitive,
character, 45 common equals, 279
principal components, 112, 405, 469, 557, 562, 582
principal coordinates, 47, 174, 405, 543
principles vs. personalities, 72
probabil ity , of chromosome inversion
pattern, 532 of occurrence, relative, 495
probabilistic, models, 137, 315 similarities, 199
Procrustes analysis, 137 programming languages, 600 prokaryotes, 536 pronghorn, 479 protein, 479, 490
642
antibodies against, 489 domains, 484 electron transfer, 490 sequence comparisons, 489 sequencing, 489 structure, 484
proximity, matrices, 209 probabilistic measure of,
179 Pseudalcantarea, 524 psuedo-catopsis, 524 punctuational macroevolution,
405 qualitative taxonomic character,
quantitative Quaternary, Quercus, 53 r, 117
279, 304 genetics, 346 524
r( CS), 469 r.m.s.-C(alpha) distance, racial variation, 405 Rand index, 167 random,
structure, 179 199
484
finite graph, model, for hypothesis
non-link, of 179
tree, 132 randomization, 117
tests, 209 range expansion, 464 rate, evolutionary, I, 451, 479 rats, 346 recognition ratio, 132 reductase, glutathione, 484,
489 reference taxa, 296 refugia, 424, 524
Pleistocene forest, 424 relationships,
cladistic and phenetic, I, 22
relative probability of occurrence, 495
resemblance measures, quantitative, 532
response to selection, 346 reticulation, 117 reversal, 45 ribonuclease, 479 RISE, 532 Rohlf consensus indices, 132 rubredoxins, 490 ruminants, 479 sampling design, 505 secondary plant substances, 625 secondary zones, 464 seed,
source, 469 transfer zone,
selection, natural, 469
451
sequence comparisons, of proteins, 489
sequencing, of DNA, 315, 489 of proteins, 489
seriation, 209 series, time, 505 shape, 346
analysis, 364 significance,
of a classification, 199 of chain fold similarity,
484 significant levels
of a classification, 179 similarity, 469
chain fold, 484 indices, 53, 532, 547 overall, 18, 53 phenetic, 1, 18, 469 probabilistic, 199
Simonsiella (Bacteria), 536 simulation, 87, 137, 424
of protein chain folds, single-linkage clustering,
sister group, 18 size, 346 skull characters, 346 snakes, 464 software,
484 117, 156
data acquisition, 583, 620 database, 600, 625 image analysis, 583 programming languages, 600 word processing, 600
Solanum, 495 source of origin, 536 space-time clustering, 209 spatial,
analysis, 424 association, 209 autocorrelation, 209, 384 correlogram, 384
speciation, 1, 424 species, 536
abundance, 505 abundance diagrams, 505
stability, of characters, 296 of cladograms, 38 of classifications, 538
statistics, external criterion, 167
statistical classification, 22 statistical hypothesis testing,
in clustering, 179, 199, 209, 249
in ordination, 209 in phylogenetic inference,
315 sterols, 500 strict consensus tree, 132
643
structure, ecological, 505 population, 384 protein, 479, 484
subsets, tree of, 279 subspecies, 405 substrate, 547 sulfate-reducing bacteria, 490 surfaces,
geographic variation, 384 synapomorphograms, 22 synapomorphy, 18 synapomorphies, compatible, 296 SYMAP, 384 SYNONYMS, 625 systematics,
biochemical, 495 phylogenetic, 1
tandem gene duplication, 484 taxa, 72 taxonomic feedback, 72 taxonomists, 72 taxonomy, 72 television cameras, 583 term information consensus
index, 132 terminal hairs, 547 test of treeness, 451 Tillandsia (Bromeliaceae), 112,
524 time series, 505 topology of a dendrogram, 167 total information consensus
index, 132 Toxorhynchites (Diptera), 527 trace of matrix, 174 transition zones, 405, 464 transformation, 469 tree,
addi tive, 229 bufurcating, 132 character state, 279 classification, 179 consensus, 87, 122, 543 distances between, 127 estimated Wagner, 259 evolutionary, 259, 315 geometric representation of,
Gower, 97 levels, 179 mixture of,
137
and dimensional structure, 229
of subsets, 279 partial, 304 path length, 229 ultrametric, 209, 229 Wagner, 259
340 weighted, 259
tree comparison, treeness, test of, triangle inequality,
451 174
triterpenes, 500 true cladogram, 315, 340 trypsin, 484 two-state characters, 296 ultrametric, 209, 229
preordonnance, 179 undirected cladistic character,
304 uniquely derived character, 296 unrooted tree, 315 unstable character, 296 UPGMA, 82, 469, 524,
536, 543, 552 Valeriana, 557 validation, cluster, 167 validity, cluster, 156, 199 variable evolutionary rates,
variables, binary, 557 continuous, 557
451
variance, additive genetic, 346 variation,
geographic, 384-473 intraindividual, 364 mosaic, 405 population, 469
644
variogram, 444 Vermicularia, 364 vicariance biogeography, 424 Viciae, 625 Viciae Database, 625 Wagner,
algorithm, 82, 259 network, 524 parsimony criterion, 315, 340 tree, 53, 82, 87, 259,
296, 464, 527 weighting, character, 557 wines, 582 within-taxon variability, 625 word processing software, 600 xeric habit, 524 Xylocopa (Hymenoptera, Apoidea),
543 Yponomeuta (Lepidoptera), 538 zones,
contact, 424, 464 hybrid, 464 pr imary , 464 secondary, 464 transition, 405, 464