LIST OF CONTENTS - ADAPT Software Help | · PDF file · 2010-01-29Structural...

27
FP_Tutorial_Title.doc 082503 MNL408 STRUCTURAL CONCRETE SOFTWARE SYSTEM ADAPT-BUILDER FLOOR PRO TUTORIAL WITH COMMENTS ON ADAPT-RC AND ADAPT-PT Copyright 2003 Dr Bijan O Aalami Structural Engineer Carine Magalhães Project Engineer Renee Sittman Project Engineer Consulting Company Member POST-TENSIONING INSTITUTE e-mail: [email protected] web site http://www.AdaptSoft.com 1733 Woodside Road, Suite 220, Redwood City, California, 94061, USA, Tel: (650) 306-2400 Fax (650) 364-4678

Transcript of LIST OF CONTENTS - ADAPT Software Help | · PDF file · 2010-01-29Structural...

Page 1: LIST OF CONTENTS - ADAPT Software Help | · PDF file · 2010-01-29Structural Engineer Carine Magalhães Project Engineer Renee Sittman ... 2.2 ANALYZE THE STRUCTURAL MODEL USING FEM.....2-2

FP_Tutorial_Title.doc 082503 MNL408

STRUCTURAL CONCRETE SOFTWARE SYSTEM

ADAPT-BUILDER

FLOOR PRO TUTORIAL

WITH COMMENTS ON ADAPT-RC AND ADAPT-PT

Copyright 2003

Dr Bijan O Aalami Structural Engineer

Carine Magalhães Project Engineer

Renee Sittman Project Engineer

Consulting Company Member

POST-TENSIONING INSTITUTE

e-mail: [email protected] web site http://www.AdaptSoft.com 1733 Woodside Road, Suite 220, Redwood City, California, 94061, USA, Tel: (650) 306-2400 Fax (650) 364-4678

Page 2: LIST OF CONTENTS - ADAPT Software Help | · PDF file · 2010-01-29Structural Engineer Carine Magalhães Project Engineer Renee Sittman ... 2.2 ANALYZE THE STRUCTURAL MODEL USING FEM.....2-2

ADAPT - Floor Pro TUTORIAL FloorProTut_Overview.doc

MNL408082203

LIST OF CONTENTS

1. GENERATE A STRUCTURAL MODEL.......................................................... 1-1 1.1 CONSTRUCT THE GEOMETRY AND BOUNDARY CONDITIONS ............................................................................................ 1-1 1.2 EDIT THE GEOMETRY OF THE STRUCTURAL MODEL .................. 1-2 1.3 APPLY LOADS.......................................................................................... 1-3

2. ANALYZE AND DESIGN USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD (FEM).................................................................................................. 2-1

2.1 MESH THE STRUCTURAL MODEL ...................................................... 2-1 2.2 ANALYZE THE STRUCTURAL MODEL USING FEM ........................ 2-2 2.3 VIEW THE ANALYSIS RESULTS .......................................................... 2-2 2.4 REVIEW THE DEMAND ACTIONS AND THE REQUIRED

REINFORCEMENT AT SELECTED SECTIONS.................................... 2-6 2.5 SPECIFY SUPPORT LINES (LOAD PATH DESIGNATION)................ 2-8 2.6 CALCULATE REINFORCEMENT ........................................................ 2-12

3. ANALYZE AND DESIGN AS A CONVENTIONALLY REINFORCED FLOOR USING THE EQUIVALENT FRAME METHOD (EFM)

(ADAPT-RC) ......................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1 GENERATE INPUT DATA....................................................................... 3-1 3.2 REVIEW AND EXPORT INPUT DATA TO ADAPT-RC....................... 3-1

4. ANALYZE AND DESIGN AS A POST-TENSIONED FLOOR USING THE EQUIVALENT FRAME METHOD (EFM) (ADAPT-PT) ..................... 4-1

i

Page 3: LIST OF CONTENTS - ADAPT Software Help | · PDF file · 2010-01-29Structural Engineer Carine Magalhães Project Engineer Renee Sittman ... 2.2 ANALYZE THE STRUCTURAL MODEL USING FEM.....2-2

ADAPT - Floor Pro TUTORIAL

ii

OVERVIEW

This tutorial walks you through a complete cycle of analysis and design of a floor system using ADAPT-Floor Pro. Then, it demonstrates how you can analyze and design the same floor system using either ADAPT-RC or ADAPT-PT. The input data for this tutorial with its complete analysis and design are included in the program CD under the title “FP_Tutorial10a_us”. The input data on the CD is in American units, but since the display and use of units in this tutorial are minimized, the tutorial in its present form is equally applicable to SI and MKS units. This tutorial shows how you can analyze a conventionally reinforced concrete floor using a Finite Element Method (FEM). The same procedure will be used for the design of post-tensioned floors. However, the generation of post-tensioning tendons and the features specific to post-tensioning are given in a separate tutorial. For post-tensioned floors, you need to follow this tutorial and then start with the tutorial for post-tensioning. This tutorial is broken into the following parts which are grouped according to the program components you will be using: 1. Generate the Structural Model (ADAPT-Modeler); 2. Analyze and Design Using Finite Element Method (ADAPT-Floor Pro); 3. Analyze and Design as a Conventionally Reinforced Floor Using Equivalent Frame

Method (ADAPT-RC) and; 4. Analyze and Design as a Post-Tensioned Floor Using Equivalent Frame Method

(ADAPT-PT). The FEM analysis and design of a floor system in this tutorial consists of the following steps: • Create/Edit the Geometry of the Structural Model Including Boundary Conditions; • Apply Loads; • Mesh the Structural Model; • Analyze the Structural Model Using FEM; • View the Analysis Results for Validation; • Determine the Actions at Selected Locations; • Review the Design Actions and the Required Reinforcement at Selected Sections; • Specify Support Lines (Load Paths) and; • Calculate Automatically the Reinforcement Where Required. The electronic file of this manual (in PDF format and in color) is on the program CD. You need Acrobat reader to open the electronic file. The Acrobat reader is also on the program CD, in case you do not already have it loaded in your computer.

Page 4: LIST OF CONTENTS - ADAPT Software Help | · PDF file · 2010-01-29Structural Engineer Carine Magalhães Project Engineer Renee Sittman ... 2.2 ANALYZE THE STRUCTURAL MODEL USING FEM.....2-2

ADAPT - Floor Pro TUTORIAL Chapter 1 floor_pro_tutorial13

MNL408082203

1. GENERATE A STRUCTURAL MODEL

1.1 Construct the Geometry and Boundary Conditions In the ADAPT-BUILDER screen, open the file, FP_Tutorial10_us, located in the Builder/Tutorials/FloorProTutorial directory. The two-way Slab of uniform thickness, resting on four interior Columns, was originally created using the features of ADAPT-Modeler. If you are not sure how to create this structural model, refer to the ADAPT-Modeler Tutorial to find instructions on how to create a Slab similar to the one shown in Fig. 1.1-1. The overall dimensions of the model shown in the figure are about 35x45 ft (12x15m). A three-dimensional view of the structural model is shown in Fig. 1.1-2.

FIGURE 1.1-1 PLAN VIEW OF SLAB ON FOUR COLUMNS

FIGURE 1.1-2 THREE-DIMENSIONAL VIEW OF THE STRUCTURAL MODEL

1-1

Page 5: LIST OF CONTENTS - ADAPT Software Help | · PDF file · 2010-01-29Structural Engineer Carine Magalhães Project Engineer Renee Sittman ... 2.2 ANALYZE THE STRUCTURAL MODEL USING FEM.....2-2

ADAPT - Floor Pro TUTORIAL Chapter 1

1.2 Edit the Geometry of the Structural Model Double click on the Slab boundary to display its property dialog box, and change the Slab thickness to 16 inches, as shown in Fig. 1.2-1. Click on the check mark at the top left of the dialog box. The changes you make in the dialog box will be applied only if you click on the check mark after you make a change. Then click on the top right “x” to close the dialog box.

FIGURE 1.2-1 SLAB PROPERTY DIALOG BOX Double click on each of the Columns to open the Column Property dialog box, as shown in Fig. 1.2-2. Change the cross-sectional dimensions of the Column to a reasonable value. In the figure shown, the Column is assumed to be 18x18 inches squared.

FIGURE 1.2-2 COLUMN PROPERTY DIALOG BOX

1-2

Page 6: LIST OF CONTENTS - ADAPT Software Help | · PDF file · 2010-01-29Structural Engineer Carine Magalhães Project Engineer Renee Sittman ... 2.2 ANALYZE THE STRUCTURAL MODEL USING FEM.....2-2

ADAPT - Floor Pro TUTORIAL Chapter 1

Next, edit the Column height. In the general case, Columns are assumed to extend between the floor levels above and below the floor being designed (current plane). Each floor level is assumed to be identified by a plane. In this tutorial, we need to specify the distance between the current plane (floor being analyzed) and the floor below it (bottom plane). From the menu bar click on Build, and from the Construction Aids pull down menu, click on the Level Assignment tool to open the dialog box as shown in Fig. 1.2-3. Set the distance between the current plane and the bottom plane to a reasonable value. In the figure shown, the distance between the levels is set at 10 ft.

FIGURE 1.2-3 DIALOG BOX SPECIFYING THE DISTANCE BETWEEN FLOORS

1.3 Apply Loads From the menu bar, click on Loading and select Display Loading Toolbars from the pull down menu. Click on the Slab. A change in color indicates that this Slab was selected by the program. Select the Patch Load Wizard tool. The dialog box shown in Fig. 1.3-1 opens. Type 0.02 ksf for dead load, and repeat the procedure changing the Load case to live load and the value to 0.04 ksf. Note that the value you select for dead load is in addition to the selfweight of the structure. The selfweight of the structure is calculated automatically by the program using the geometry of the structural model and the unit weight defined by the user. The program has the conventional unit weight value of concrete as its default value.

1-3

Page 7: LIST OF CONTENTS - ADAPT Software Help | · PDF file · 2010-01-29Structural Engineer Carine Magalhães Project Engineer Renee Sittman ... 2.2 ANALYZE THE STRUCTURAL MODEL USING FEM.....2-2

ADAPT - Floor Pro TUTORIAL Chapter 1

FIGURE 1.3-1 DIALOG BOX FOR PATCH LOAD ENTRY

1-4

Page 8: LIST OF CONTENTS - ADAPT Software Help | · PDF file · 2010-01-29Structural Engineer Carine Magalhães Project Engineer Renee Sittman ... 2.2 ANALYZE THE STRUCTURAL MODEL USING FEM.....2-2

ADAPT - Floor Pro TUTORIAL Chapter 2

2. ANALYZE AND DESIGN USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD (FEM)

2.1 Mesh the Structural Model From the menu bar select FEM and click on Display FEM Toolbars, a pull down menu item. From the toolbars displayed, click on the button for Automatic Mesh Generation to open the dialog box shown in Fig. 2.1-1, and accept the default values. After the completion of meshing, a message box shown in Fig. 2.1-2 will open. Click Yes to view the meshing. This will show the automatic mesh generated by the program, Fig. 2.1-3.

FIGURE 2.1-1 AUTOMATIC MESH GENERATION

FIGURE 2.1-2 MESHING STATUS MESSAGE BOX

2-1

Page 9: LIST OF CONTENTS - ADAPT Software Help | · PDF file · 2010-01-29Structural Engineer Carine Magalhães Project Engineer Renee Sittman ... 2.2 ANALYZE THE STRUCTURAL MODEL USING FEM.....2-2

ADAPT - Floor Pro TUTORIAL Chapter 2

FIGURE 2.1-3 PLAN VIEW OF THE SLAB MESHING

2.2 Analyze the Structural Model Using FEM We need to convert the mesh into elements and then solve the structure. From the pull down menu of FEM, select Analyze Structure tool. This will perform the finite element analysis of the structure and report its completion on the computer screen.

2.3 View the Analysis Results From the FEM toolbar, click on the View Analysis Results tool. This will bring up the viewer screen, as shown in Fig. 2.3-1. Next, we will view the deflection contour of the Slab. • Click on the Load Cases/Combinations tab on the bottom left of the

screen. • From the menu that opens, select Service_Combination. • Click on the Results tab on the top left region of the screen. • From the list of results available select Z-Translation. This is the

deflection in the vertical direction under service loading. • Select Color Contour tool. • Click on the Display Results tool. This button turns the results on

and off. Figure 2.3-1 is the display of the viewer screen showing the contour of the deflected shape of the Slab. To view a 3D-presentation of the structure’s deflected shape, click on the Warp Display tool, as shown in Fig. 2.3-2.

2-2

Page 10: LIST OF CONTENTS - ADAPT Software Help | · PDF file · 2010-01-29Structural Engineer Carine Magalhães Project Engineer Renee Sittman ... 2.2 ANALYZE THE STRUCTURAL MODEL USING FEM.....2-2

ADAPT - Floor Pro TUTORIAL Chapter 2

FIGURE 2.3-1 BUILDER VIEWER SCREEN SHOWING THE DEFLECTION CONTOUR

Use the Rotate tool to view the deflected shape in three-dimensions (Fig. 2.3-2).

FIGURE 2.3-2 THREE-DIMENSIONAL VIEW OF THE DEFLECTED SHAPE

2-3

Page 11: LIST OF CONTENTS - ADAPT Software Help | · PDF file · 2010-01-29Structural Engineer Carine Magalhães Project Engineer Renee Sittman ... 2.2 ANALYZE THE STRUCTURAL MODEL USING FEM.....2-2

ADAPT - Floor Pro TUTORIAL Chapter 2

An important feature of ADAPT- Floor Pro is its capability to integrate the actions over a cut (section). A cut or section is a line either drawn by the user or generated automatically by the program. The integral of the actions along a section is used for design and code check. The resultant of all the forces acting over a section can be reduced to six actions – three forces and three moments. ADAPT-Floor Pro performs the summation and brings the resultant to the centroid of the cut section. Obviously, if the cut includes a Beam, a step, or changes in Slab thickness, the centroid will not be at the mid-plane of the Slab and mid-length of the cut. For each section the centroid is calculated strictly from the geometry of the cut face. If the cut goes through an Opening, or extends beyond the edge of the Slab, the voids are neglected. A graphical display for the definition of the actions at a section is given in the appendix to this tutorial. In the following we will create several sections to illustrate the procedure. We will target the display of the moments about Y-Y axis (vertical axis of the computer screen) for strength check. • Click on Load Cases\Combinations at the bottom left of the screen. • Select Strength_Combination from the menu items that open. • Click on Results tab above it. • Click over the + to the left of the Slab Actions only. • Select Myy. The contour distribution of moment about the Y-axis

should appear. If it does not, click on the Display Results tool. • Click on the Line Contour tool. A display similar to the diagram shown in Fig. 2.3-3, but without the cuts, will appear. Next we will make several cuts. Several options for display of distribution and the integral of an action at a cut are available. These are accessible through the tool buttons listed below along with the basic Cut Line tool. To activate a cut, you need to first select one of the options listed below, and then click on the Cut Line tool. • Show Moment About Cut Line tool; this button will display the

distribution of the moment about the cut line along with the integral of that distribution. The distribution of the moment generally will not match the contour you have on display, since the contour might have been selected to display a different quantity, such as deflection.

• Show Axial Force Across Cut Line tool; this button displays the distribution and total value of inplane axial force on the section. In prestressed structures, this tool can be used to view the force on the section.

2-4

Page 12: LIST OF CONTENTS - ADAPT Software Help | · PDF file · 2010-01-29Structural Engineer Carine Magalhães Project Engineer Renee Sittman ... 2.2 ANALYZE THE STRUCTURAL MODEL USING FEM.....2-2

ADAPT - Floor Pro TUTORIAL Chapter 2

• Show Vertical Shear Along Cut Line tool; this button displays the shear normal to the plane of the Slab. This is the shear commonly checked first in the typical design of Beams and Slabs.

• Show Distribution of Contour Quantity Along Cut Line tool; this button displays the distribution along the cut line of the quantity being displayed as a contour. For example, if the contour shows vertical deflection, activating this button will show the distribution of vertical deflection. Note that there is no integral value associated with this button.

Select the Show Moment About Cut Line tool, followed by the Cut Line tool and then click at two ends of a cut line. A diagram similar to Fig. 2.3-3 appears. The distribution displayed is the moment in the Slab about the cut line. The graphical distribution shown does not include the moment from the Beam stems, if the cut includes one. The total moment about the cut line will obviously include the contribution of Beam stems, if present. Also, if the cut is across steps in the Slab, there will be contributions from the axial forces in the Slab and the Beam elements to the total moment about the cut line. The numerical value shown next to each distribution accounts for the contribution of all the forces to the total moment about the cut line. It is the total (integral) of moments of all actions about the centroid of the cut section. This is the value that will be used for code compliance of the design. Hence, the integral does not always add up to area below the distribution displayed. This is correct, realizing that each has to be interpreted within its own context. If the font of the display is not large enough, or the ordinate of the display is too small, or each time you make a cut the previous one disappears, you can adjust all these features and more to suit your liking by changing the display parameters. These are accessible from the Entity Display Settings , and Result Display Settings , tools at the top left of the screen.

FIGURE 2.3-3 DISPLAY OF MOMENT Myy WITH SEVERAL CUTS

2-5

Page 13: LIST OF CONTENTS - ADAPT Software Help | · PDF file · 2010-01-29Structural Engineer Carine Magalhães Project Engineer Renee Sittman ... 2.2 ANALYZE THE STRUCTURAL MODEL USING FEM.....2-2

ADAPT - Floor Pro TUTORIAL Chapter 2

2.4 Review the Demand Actions and the Required Reinforcement at Selected Sections In this part we will investigate the forces in the structure at selected sections and find the required reinforcement for each. In the general case, the program will automatically find, calculate and report all the reinforcement that is needed in the floor, including the Beams. The investigation we are going to follow in this section is primarily for becoming more familiar with the program. • Quit the viewer and go back to the BUILDER screen. • From the BUILDER screen and FEM pull down menu, select Create

Design Sections Manually, as shown in Fig. 2.4-1.

FIGURE 2.4-1 VIEW OF FEM PULL DOWN MENU

• Draw two vertical cuts over the Slab; one at the face of the top left Column and the other at about midspan of the upper Columns, as shown in Fig. 2.4-2. The short line segments with half arrows appearing across the cut line show the direction of reinforcement the program is going to report. If the short line segment does not appear, you need to activate it as follows. Go to the Select/Set View Items tool, and from the FEM tab select Symbol of Manual Design Section.

• Click on the FEM menu item Design the “Design Section(s)”. The program will calculate the resultant of the six actions at the centroid of each of the cut sections, along with the reinforcement needed to resist the moment about the cut section.

2-6

Page 14: LIST OF CONTENTS - ADAPT Software Help | · PDF file · 2010-01-29Structural Engineer Carine Magalhães Project Engineer Renee Sittman ... 2.2 ANALYZE THE STRUCTURAL MODEL USING FEM.....2-2

ADAPT - Floor Pro TUTORIAL Chapter 2

• Double click on one of the cut lines and a dialog box, as shown in Fig. 2.4-3, appears. This figure refers to the section located near the midspan. The Action at Centroid of Section gives the resultant of the six actions at the centroid of the section for the load combination displayed in the combo box under Actions. The figure shows the load combination Service_Combination. To see the actions for strength condition, you need to select that condition from the combo box items. These are the actions for which the section must be designed. However, the reinforcement reported is the envelope of all the load cases defined by the user. You can also view the reinforcement required for each load combination, but not in this dialog box. The steps for viewing the reinforcement for each combination will be explained later.

FIGURE 2.4-2 DISPLAY OF THE USER-SELECTED SECTIONS (CUTS)

2-7

Page 15: LIST OF CONTENTS - ADAPT Software Help | · PDF file · 2010-01-29Structural Engineer Carine Magalhães Project Engineer Renee Sittman ... 2.2 ANALYZE THE STRUCTURAL MODEL USING FEM.....2-2

ADAPT - Floor Pro TUTORIAL Chapter 2

FIGURE 2.4-3 ACTIONS AND REINFORCEMENT OF A DESIGN SECTION

2.5 Specify Support Lines (Load Path Designation) The specification of Support Lines determines the direction along which we envisage to place the reinforcement. This is typically along the lines of Columns (lines of support). In this tutorial we specify the load path along the X-direction of the Slab and determine its reinforcement. In an actual design, a similar operation must be carried out along the Y-direction. Load path consists of selecting Support Lines, and designation of a tributary to each of the Support Lines. At completion, each part of the floor must have been assigned to a Support Line to carry its load. For the four Columns of the structure at hand, two Support Lines in the X-direction can be identified. We are going to use the Support Line Wizard tool to automatically generate one of them, the second Support Line will be generated manually. Use the wizard for the first Support Line The wizard works by searching for supports, namely Columns and Walls, along a Slab band defined by the user. It connects the supports detected within the band together to form a Support Line. The direction and width of the Slab band within which supports will automatically be sought and connected are defined by the user. Here is how it works.

2-8

Page 16: LIST OF CONTENTS - ADAPT Software Help | · PDF file · 2010-01-29Structural Engineer Carine Magalhães Project Engineer Renee Sittman ... 2.2 ANALYZE THE STRUCTURAL MODEL USING FEM.....2-2

ADAPT - Floor Pro TUTORIAL Chapter 2

• From the Model Strips pull down menu items, click on the Support Line Wizard tool. The dialog box shown in Fig. 2.5-1 opens.

• In the Support Line dialog box select:

o X-Direction from the pull down menu. o A narrow width for the band within which you expect the

program to seek supports. In the figure, a 3 ft bandwidth is selected.

• In large floor areas, it may become necessary to define Support

Lines that terminate within the interior of a Slab. That is why in the next input cell Length to search for support we define a maximum length along which we expect the program to seek a support. In this case, we specify a length much longer than the length of the structure (300 ft), since the floor Slab is simple.

• The last data input cell, Angle for Wall modeling considers whether

a Wall encountered within the band of Support Lines should be considered to fall along the Support Line, or the Support Line should cross it. If the angle the Wall makes with the direction of the band exceeds the value entered in the data cell (30 degrees shown in the figure), the Support Line will cross it. Otherwise, the Support Line will pass along the Wall. Since we do not have a Wall in this structure, the value entered in this data cell is of no consequence.

FIGURE 2.5-1 DIALOG BOX OF SUPPORT LINE WIZARD • After pressing OK, the Support Line Wizard dialog box closes. The

command line (the line at the bottom of your screen) instructs you to select two points, one after the other, to identify the direction of the Support Line. Click at two points, one next to each of the upper two Columns. An image similar to Fig. 2.5-2 appears. Since the

2-9

Page 17: LIST OF CONTENTS - ADAPT Software Help | · PDF file · 2010-01-29Structural Engineer Carine Magalhães Project Engineer Renee Sittman ... 2.2 ANALYZE THE STRUCTURAL MODEL USING FEM.....2-2

ADAPT - Floor Pro TUTORIAL Chapter 2

scanning area displayed contains the two upper Columns, which we intend to act as supports, click on Yes in the dialog box. The dialog box closes and the screen displays the Support Line selected for the top two Columns as shown in Fig. 2.5-3. Note that this figure also shows the Support Lines for the lower two Columns, that we are going to create next.

FIGURE 2.5-2 PARALLEL LINES SHOWING THE SLAB BAND FOR POTENTIAL SUPPORTS

FIGURE 2.5-3 SUPPORT LINE ALONG X-DIRECTION

2-10

Page 18: LIST OF CONTENTS - ADAPT Software Help | · PDF file · 2010-01-29Structural Engineer Carine Magalhães Project Engineer Renee Sittman ... 2.2 ANALYZE THE STRUCTURAL MODEL USING FEM.....2-2

ADAPT - Floor Pro TUTORIAL Chapter 2

Second Support Line Create Manually We will construct a Support Line for the lower two Columns manually. • From the Model Strips pull down menu items, click on the Create

Support Line tool. • In creating a Support Line manually, it is critical that you “snap” the

support at the center of Columns and Walls you identify as supports. If you do not snap at these supports, the program will disregard them. Also, you need to snap at the edges of the Slab for the program to recognize where the Support Line starts. There are tools that make this operation simple. We will describe and use these tools next.

To choose the start and end of a Support Line at a Slab edge, there are two options: • Use the Snap to Nearest tool and click near the edge of the Slab.

The Support Line will pick the Slab edge; or • Use the Snap to Perpendicular tool and click near the Slab edge.

After the next snapping point is clicked to, the Support Line will adjust itself normal to the Slab edge.

For the Columns and end of the Walls, we need to use the Snap to Endpoint tool. • Select the Snap to Perpendicular tool. • Click to the left side of the Slab edge. • Select Snap to Endpoint tool and deselect all other snapping

tools. • Snap to the endpoint of the first Column from the left. • Snap to the endpoint of the second Column from the left. • Select the Snap to Perpendicular tool and deselect all other

snapping tools. • Click to the right side of the Slab edge. • Press the “C” key to close the Support Line. The Support Lines generated in the X-direction should resemble those shown in Fig. 2.5-4.

2-11

Page 19: LIST OF CONTENTS - ADAPT Software Help | · PDF file · 2010-01-29Structural Engineer Carine Magalhães Project Engineer Renee Sittman ... 2.2 ANALYZE THE STRUCTURAL MODEL USING FEM.....2-2

ADAPT - Floor Pro TUTORIAL Chapter 2

FIGURE 2.5-4 SUPPORT LINES ALONG X-DIRECTION

2.6 Calculate Reinforcement Each Design Strip is broken down into spans and cantilevers, if applicable. Each span and cantilever is designed at several points along its length. At each design point along the Support Line, a Design Section is automatically created. A Design Section is a section (cut) normal to the Support Line and extends on each side of the Support Line to the next tributary or Slab edge. The number of Design Sections for each span has a default value between 6 and 12, but can be changed by the user. The program also automatically selects a number of Design Sections regardless of user’s selection. These Design Sections are at each face of Column, and at midspan. For each span or cantilever, the Design Sections are equally spaced. Also, to avoid excessive output, the automated generation of Design Sections checks the spacing between Design Sections against a default value initiated by the program, that is editable by the user. • Click on Generate Design Sections Automatically tool from the

FEM pull down menu shown in Fig. 2.6-1. • Design Sections will be created automatically. Fig. 2.6-2 shows an

example of the Support Lines and the associated Design Strips. If the image does not appear, click on Display Design Sections button.

• Click on the Design the “Design Section(s)” button to calculate

the reinforcement for each of the Design Sections shown.

2-12

Page 20: LIST OF CONTENTS - ADAPT Software Help | · PDF file · 2010-01-29Structural Engineer Carine Magalhães Project Engineer Renee Sittman ... 2.2 ANALYZE THE STRUCTURAL MODEL USING FEM.....2-2

ADAPT - Floor Pro TUTORIAL Chapter 2

The program automatically calculates the integral of the actions for each of the Design Sections (cuts) and applies the integral to the cross-sectional area of that section to determine the required reinforcement. The design moment (the integral value used for the computation of the reinforcement) for each of the Support Lines can be viewed as a design (demand) moment for the given Support Line. We will view the design moments in the later steps of this tutorial.

FIGURE 2.6-1 FEM PULL DOWN MENU

FIGURE 2.6-2 FLOOR SLAB SHOWING THE DESIGN STRIPS AND THE DESIGN SECTIONS

2-13

Page 21: LIST OF CONTENTS - ADAPT Software Help | · PDF file · 2010-01-29Structural Engineer Carine Magalhães Project Engineer Renee Sittman ... 2.2 ANALYZE THE STRUCTURAL MODEL USING FEM.....2-2

ADAPT - Floor Pro TUTORIAL Chapter 2

The reinforcement of each Support Line is shown separately. We will see the reinforcement and the design actions of the upper Support Line. • Click on one of the Design Sections of the upper Design Strip. A

change in color of the Support Line indicates that this Design Strip was selected. Go to the results summary screen by clicking on the Show Design Summary option from the FEM pull down menu. The result summary window will open.

• From the combo box at the top of the screen select Strength

Combination. Then click on the Moment Diagram button. A distribution, such as shown in Fig. 2.6-3, appears. This diagram shows the distribution of design moment of the Support Line selected. It is the moment of the entire tributary shown along the Support Line.

• From the combo box at the top of the screen, select Envelope. Click

on the Rebar Diagram button. The total area of reinforcement needed at each Design Section along the length of the Support Line will display, as shown in Fig. 2.6-4. This reinforcement is the envelope of all load cases specified by the user. In our case, we have only one load case. It accounts for the minimum reinforcement requirements of the code.

FIGURE 2.6-3 DISTRIBUTION OF DESIGN MOMENT IN RESULT SUMMARY SCREEN

2-14

Page 22: LIST OF CONTENTS - ADAPT Software Help | · PDF file · 2010-01-29Structural Engineer Carine Magalhães Project Engineer Renee Sittman ... 2.2 ANALYZE THE STRUCTURAL MODEL USING FEM.....2-2

ADAPT - Floor Pro TUTORIAL Chapter 2

FIGURE 2.6-4 ENVELOPE OF THE AREA OF REINFORCEMENT ALONG THE LENGTH OF THE DESIGN STRIP

This brings us to the end of the analysis and design tutorial using the ADAPT-Floor Pro capabilities of the ADAPT software suite, that is to say, the Finite Element Method of analysis and design. But, what if we want to compare this with a traditional strip method of analysis and design, such as the Equivalent Frame Method (EFM). We may have several reasons to do so, one being the re-distribution of moments not currently supported by FEM technology; another reason could be the reduction of live loading. We will next proceed to perform an analysis and design for the same structure using EFM.

2-15

Page 23: LIST OF CONTENTS - ADAPT Software Help | · PDF file · 2010-01-29Structural Engineer Carine Magalhães Project Engineer Renee Sittman ... 2.2 ANALYZE THE STRUCTURAL MODEL USING FEM.....2-2

ADAPT - Floor Pro TUTORIAL Chapter 3

3. ANALYZE AND DESIGN AS A CONVENTIONALLY REINFORCED FLOOR USING THE EQUIVALENT FRAME METHOD (EFM) (ADAPT-RC)

3.1 Generate Input Data The geometry and loading of the structure are already created and verified using the ADAPT-Modeler features of the program as described above. No additional work is necessary for this stage of the design.

3.2 Review and Export Input Data to ADAPT-RC Strictly speaking, with the click of a button on the screen, we can instruct the program to automatically generate and export the input data for the entire floor system to ADAPT-RC for design. But, for the objectives of this tutorial, we are going to do step by step. We will concentrate on the reinforcement for the upper Support Line. The starting point is where the modeler completes the selection of Support Lines and the identification of the tributaries of each, as shown in Fig. 3.2-1. As a matter of interest, we view the Design Strips created by the program. This is the breakdown of the Slab among the Support Lines we selected. We can view the Design Strips in a 3D color rendering using the View Model tool or in a line diagram using the Frame Design Strip tool, as shown in Fig. 3.2-1.

FIGURE 3.2-1 SUPPORT LINES AND THEIR TRIBUTARIES IN X-DIRECTION

• Double click on the upper Support Line to open the dialog box of its properties shown in Fig. 3.2-2.

• The dialog box gives the label of the Support Line selected. In this case the label is Support Line 1. Click on the View Model tool to

3-1

Page 24: LIST OF CONTENTS - ADAPT Software Help | · PDF file · 2010-01-29Structural Engineer Carine Magalhães Project Engineer Renee Sittman ... 2.2 ANALYZE THE STRUCTURAL MODEL USING FEM.....2-2

ADAPT - Floor Pro TUTORIAL Chapter 3

view an idealized presentation of this Support Line for analysis using EFM.

• The geometry of the solid display of the idealized strip, as shown in

Fig. 3.2-3, can be closely examined using the various viewing buttons at the top of the screen. The numerical values associated with the idealized model, such as span length, width of tributary, load on each span, and reduction factor for the live loading can be viewed and edited in the text report created by the program. These reports are accessible by clicking the buttons on the right side edge of the window (Fig. 3.2-3). For example, to see or edit the spans and their tributaries click on the Edit Idealized Tributary tool.

• Click on the Go to RC tool on the right hand side of the

window. (If this button is grayed-out restart the ADAPT-BUILDER program. When the ADAPT-BUILDER SUITE dialog box appears, select RC only in the options frame.) This will open the ADAPT-RC program (Fig. 3.2-4) with the input data of the Support Line displayed on the screen.

• Obviously, the program ADAPT-RC will be accessible and open if

it is loaded in your computer. Otherwise, the Go to RC tool shown in the preceding step will not display.

• The operation of ADAPT-RC is covered in its own manual.

FIGURE 3.2-2 PROPERTY DIALOG BOX OF SUPPORT LINE

3-2

Page 25: LIST OF CONTENTS - ADAPT Software Help | · PDF file · 2010-01-29Structural Engineer Carine Magalhães Project Engineer Renee Sittman ... 2.2 ANALYZE THE STRUCTURAL MODEL USING FEM.....2-2

ADAPT - Floor Pro TUTORIAL Chapter 3

FIGURE 3.2-3 VIEW OF THE IDEALIZED DESIGN STRIP FOR EFM ANALYSIS

FIGURE 3.2-4 OPENING SCREEN OF ADAPT-RC FOR CONVENTIONALLY REINFORCED CONCRETE

3-3

Page 26: LIST OF CONTENTS - ADAPT Software Help | · PDF file · 2010-01-29Structural Engineer Carine Magalhães Project Engineer Renee Sittman ... 2.2 ANALYZE THE STRUCTURAL MODEL USING FEM.....2-2

ADAPT - Floor Pro TUTORIAL Chapter 4

4. ANALYZE AND DESIGN AS A POST-TENSIONED FLOOR USING THE EQUIVALENT FRAME METHOD (EFM) (ADAPT-PT) Data generation and its export to ADAPT-PT follows identical steps as described for ADAPT-RC in the preceding section, with the difference that when you are in the ADAPT Solid Modeling Viewer for the Design Strip, as shown in Fig. 3.2-3, you need to click on the Go to PT tool located on the right-hand side of the screen in order to open the ADAPT-PT program. (If this button is grayed-out restart the ADAPT-BUILDER program. When the ADAPT-BUILDER SUITE dialog box appears, select RC and PT in the options frame.) Once the program ADAPT-PT opens, you need to refer to its manuals to continue, if you are not already familiar with the program.

4-1

Page 27: LIST OF CONTENTS - ADAPT Software Help | · PDF file · 2010-01-29Structural Engineer Carine Magalhães Project Engineer Renee Sittman ... 2.2 ANALYZE THE STRUCTURAL MODEL USING FEM.....2-2

ADAPT - Floor Pro TUTORIAL APPENDIX

APPENDIX

DEFINITION OF SECTIONAL ACTIONS

A-1