All organisms need to break down food in order to use it, no matter if it´s a producer or a consumer.

Nutrients are made up of molecules, which is a substance made when 2 or more atoms combine.

Examples: a) H2O b) CO2

Biological Molecules like:

Proteins

Carbohydrates,

Lipids,

ATP

Nucleic Acids.

Plant protein

Animal proteinHigh Biological Value

Proteins

Proteins are made up of small units called AMINO ACIDS.

Amino acids link together forming long chains.

So when we eat, we break down food proteins to get amino acids to produce new proteins in our bodies.

Enzymes help to start or speed up chemical reactions in cells.

BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES LIKE:

Proteins

Carbohydrates,

Lipids,

ATP

Nucleic Acids.

CARBOHYDRATES

MOLECULES

SOURCES OFENERGY

2 TYPES

SIMPLECARBOHYDRATES

COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES

SUGAR

1 OR FEW

MOLECULES

LINKED TOGETHER

HUNDREADS

arecan be of

like

with with

of of that are

store

used to

extra

of

TABLE SUGAR

like

STARCH

like

SIMPLECARBOHYDRATES

COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES

Biological Molecules like:

Proteins

Carbohydrates,

Lipids,

ATP

Nucleic Acids.

LIPIDS

COMPOUNDSTYPES

PHOSPHOLIPIDS FATS AND OILS

HEAD

ENERGY

are

can be of several

like

Formed bystore

CELLMEMBRANE

form

STATE

Differ on their

WATER

do not mix with

TAIL

WATER

Is attracted to

Is not attracted to2 LAYERS

has

ROOM TEMPERATURE

at

THERMALINSULATION

help

Biological Molecules like:

Proteins

Carbohydrates,

Lipids,

ATPATP

Nucleic Acids.

ATP is the major energy-carrying molecule in the

cell.

The energy stored in carbohydrates and lipids must be transferred to ATP, which then provides fuel to cellular activities

Energy fromCarbohydrates And Lipids

CellularActivities

Biological Molecules Like:

Proteins

Carbohydrates,

Lipids,

ATP

Nucleic Acids.Nucleic Acids.

Principal Mineral ElementsPrincipal Mineral ElementsCalcium Sulphur Iron Iodine

Chlorine Magnesium Sodium

Potassium Phosphorus

Trace Elements

Copper Cobalt Fluorine

Zinc Nickel

Functions of Minerals

Calcium Formation of healthy bones and teeth.

Iron Formation of haemoglobin in red blood cells.

Iodine Formation of hormones which control metabolism.

Sodium Regulation of water balance in the blood.

Potassium Muscle contraction and nerve impulses

Phosphorus Combines with calcium in the formation of strong bones and teeth.

CalciumCalcium

Green Vegetables

Dairy Products

Pulses / Legumes

Red Meat Nuts

IronIron

Bananas

PotassiumPotassium

Dates Eggs

SodiumSodium

Salt

PhosphorusPhosphorus

IodineIodine

Sea Fish

Iodized Salt

Fish and Sea Food

Dairy Products

Meat

Snack foods