Lessons for riparian restoration and monitoring Joshua H. Viers, … · 2012-07-05 · Jaccard...
Transcript of Lessons for riparian restoration and monitoring Joshua H. Viers, … · 2012-07-05 · Jaccard...
Information Center for the EnvironmentUniversity of California, Davis 90th ESA Annual Meeting ∞ Montréal
Information Center for the Environment, University of California, Davis http://ice.ucdavis.edu/
California Information Node, National Biological Information Infrastructurehttp://cain.nbii.org/
John Muir Institute of the Environment http://johnmuir.ucdavis.edu/
Conservation International http://www.conservation.org/
Placer Land Trust http://www.placerlandtrust.org/
Patterns of regional and local diversity in the California Bay-Delta ecoregion and its watersheds:
Joshua H. Viers, James H. Thorne,Mehrey Vaghti, & James F. Quinn
Lessons for riparian restoration and monitoringLessons for riparian restoration and monitoring
Regional Ecosystem Management Efforts
Sierra Nevada Ecosystem Project
Northwest Forest Plan
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California Bay-Delta
25 state and federal agencies working cooperatively to improve the quality and reliability of California’s water supplies while restoring the Bay-Delta ecosystem (http://calwater.ca.gov/CBDA/)
Cosumnes River
Information Center for the EnvironmentUniversity of California, Davis 90th ESA Annual Meeting ∞ Montréal
Information Center for the EnvironmentUniversity of California, Davis 90th ESA Annual Meeting ∞ Montréal
Regional Riparian DiversityRegional Riparian Diversity
– Used CalJep, a spatial database reconciliation of the two prominent electronic floras for California into Ecological Sub Units (n=224)Viers, Thorne, & Quinn San Francisco Estuary & Watershed Science (in press)
– Calflora (Dennis) & Jepson (Hickman)
– Cross Walked Vascular Plant Taxa (n=7963)• Identified Riparian Taxa via California Rivers Assessment Database
– (J. Hunter, Jones & Stokes) (n=1210 riparian taxa)
– Selected 25 units within Bay-Delta / Central Valley
– Looked at Jaccard Similarity of Riparian species across ESUs and by lifeform (i.e., woody & herbaceous)
S
N
CalJep Riparian TaxaJaccard Similarities
N
S
0.74
0.85
0.85
0.70
0.79
0.77
0.74
0.66
0.67
0.500.510.4836.2
0.470.480.4636.4
0.520.520.5236.5
0.440.450.4236.9
0.520.540.5437.0
0.580.570.5537.3
0.430.470.4637.3
0.490.490.4637.3
0.500.500.4637.5
0.500.500.4637.7
0.590.600.5637.8
0.510.520.4737.8
0.590.580.5438.0
0.730.710.6638.3
0.710.720.6738.5
0.460.480.4538.5
0.810.770.7138.7
0.740.740.6938.7
0.630.660.6538.9
0.680.710.6939.1
1.000.890.8039.2
0.660.700.6739.5
0.891.000.8739.6
0.660.710.7640.0
0.800.871.0040.0
-122.10-122.16-122.27Y° X°
Jaccard Similarity Coefficients
Longitudinal Profilesfor selected ESUs
SS
NN
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
1.00
40.0
39.6
39.2
38.9
38.7
38.5
38.0
37.8
37.5
37.3
37.0
36.5
36.2
-122.27-122.16-122.10
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California Bay-Delta Hydromodification
• Levees • Channelization• Dams • Water diversion
Changes in Floodwater• Magnitude• Timing• Duration• Frequency• Connectivity
Information Center for the EnvironmentUniversity of California, Davis 90th ESA Annual Meeting ∞ Montréal
1
109
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
20
Log
Freq
uenc
y (n
= 5
4)
109
8
7
6
5
4
3
10090
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
Log
Cum
ulat
ive
Per
cent
Pla
ntin
gs
Que
rcus
loba
taA
cer n
egun
do v
ar. c
alifo
rnic
umP
lata
nus
race
mos
aP
opul
us fr
emon
tii s
sp. f
rem
ontii
Sal
ix s
p.Fr
axin
us la
tifol
iaS
ambu
cus
mex
ican
aA
lnus
rhom
bifo
liaS
alix
laev
igat
aS
alix
goo
ddin
gii
Que
rcus
wis
lizen
iiS
alix
luci
da s
sp. l
asia
ndra
Aesc
ulus
cal
iforn
ica
Ros
a ca
lifor
nica
Bac
char
is p
ilula
risJu
glan
s ca
lifor
nica
var
. hin
dsii
Pop
ulus
frem
ontii
Vitis
cal
iforn
ica
Nas
sella
pul
chra
Ely
mus
gla
ucus
Het
erom
eles
arb
utifo
liaS
alix
lasi
olep
isC
erci
s oc
cide
ntal
isM
uhle
nber
gia
rigen
sC
epha
lant
hus
occi
dent
alis
var
. cal
iforn
icus
Rha
mnu
s ca
lifor
nica
Rub
us u
rsin
usS
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cus
sp.
Bac
char
is s
alic
ifolia
Cep
hala
nthu
s oc
cide
ntal
isP
inus
sab
inia
naQ
uerc
us c
hrys
olep
isQ
uerc
us d
ougl
asii
Sal
ix h
inds
iana
Bro
mus
car
inat
usC
arex
bar
bara
eC
eano
thus
sp.
Cor
nus
nutta
llii
Ele
ocha
ris m
acro
stac
hya
Erio
gonu
m fa
scic
ulat
umEs
chsc
holz
ia c
alifo
rnic
aLe
ymus
triti
coid
esM
elic
a ca
lifor
nica
Sal
ix s
essi
lifol
iaTy
pha
latif
olia
Ace
r mac
roph
yllu
mA
lnus
sp.
Car
ex p
raeg
raci
lisC
eano
thus
thyr
siflo
rus
Des
cham
psia
ces
pito
saE
lym
us tr
achy
caul
usE
lym
us tr
itico
ides
Hib
iscu
s la
sioc
arpu
sJu
ncus
bal
ticus
Junc
us x
iphi
oide
sLo
lium
mul
tiflo
rum
Lupi
nus
sp.
Um
bellu
laria
cal
iforn
ica
Alo
pecu
rus
sacc
atus
Apo
cynu
m s
ibiri
cum
var
. sal
ignu
m
Active Restoration Taxa (n = 154)
Natural Resource Projects Inventory: Restoration Site × Taxa
Quercus lobata most frequent single taxonSalix most frequent generic choice
Information Center for the EnvironmentUniversity of California, Davis 90th ESA Annual Meeting ∞ Montréal
Local Riparian DiversityLocal Riparian Diversity• Sacramento (Conard et al. 1980; Vaghti 2003 ‡)
– spp = 141 >> riparian spp = 47• Putah Creek (Sutter 1986)
– spp = 66 >> riparian spp = 28• Cosumnes River (Tu 2000 §)
– spp = 90 >> riparian spp = 40• Stanislaus River (Quinn 1993)
– spp = 215 >> riparian spp = 86• Tuolumne River (Bair 2000)
– spp = 86 >> riparian spp = 43• San Joaquin (Moise & Henderson 2002)
– spp = 202 >> riparian spp = 84
across sites
S
N
CalJep Riparian Taxa
Jaccard SimilaritiesN
SSan Joaquin
0.220.78
0.33Tuolumne0.87
0.410.78
0.14Stanislaus0.58
0.380.63
0.15Cosumnes0.60
0.230.57
0.35Putah0.65
0.130.63
Sacramento
Native Herbaceous
Native Woody
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‡ M.G. Vaghti (2003) Riparian Vegetation Classification in Relation to Environmental Gradients, SacramentoRiver, California. M. Sci. Thesis (UC Davis)
<< North
Sacramento River
91 Plots
darker plots occur on point bars
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Vaghti & Greco Riparian Vegetation of the Great Valley (in press)
Charismatic Megaflora(Quercus lobata)
Charismatic Megaflora(Quercus lobata)
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Floodplain Ecology & Biodiversity Ward and Tockner Freshwater Biology (2001; 46:807-819)
• Functional Diversity• Structural Diversity• Species Diversity
Floodplain Ecology & Biodiversity
restoration should focus on re-establishing diverse river functions, including processes of ecological succession and hydrologic connectivity between surface and subsurface waters
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Species DiversitySpecies Diversity
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Structural DiversityStructural Diversity
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Florsheim and Mount Geomorphology (2002; 44: 67–94)
Functional DiversityFunctional Diversity
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D.S. Ahearn, J.H. Viers, & J.F. Mount (Hydrobiologia submitted) Priming the productivity pump: Temporal trends in suspended algal biomass distribution across a restored floodplain
Influx of organic and inorganic materials (nutrients, sediments... ?)
Information Center for the EnvironmentUniversity of California, Davis 90th ESA Annual Meeting ∞ Montréal
1.000.630.450.10VO (7)Native Woody
1.000.670.11MR (6)Native Woody
1.000.18AF (9)Native Woody
1.00SS (4)Native Woody
1.000.690.440.25VO (13)Native Herb
1.000.570.30MR (9)Native Herb
1.000.36AF (13)Native Herb
1.00SS (17)Native Herb
1.000.670.450.21VO (20)All Native
1.000.610.24MR (15)All Native
1.000.30AF (22)All Native
1.00SS (21)All Native
1.000.560.390.19VO (30)All Spp
1.000.490.18MR (23)All Spp
1.000.28AF (38)All Spp
1.00SS (50)All Spp
VOMRAFSSSITE (spp)Taxa
successional gradient
Cosumnes River Riparian Jaccard Similarities (§ Tu, 2000)
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Valley Oak PlantationEstablished in 1989
Information Center for the EnvironmentUniversity of California, Davis 90th ESA Annual Meeting ∞ Montréal
take home lessons for restoration & monitoringtake home lessons for restoration & monitoring• Present focus on
charismatic megaflora –(i.e., preferential restoration) has resulted in under representation of certain taxa
• California sycamore & Oregon ash are two woody taxa deserving more attention; vines & herbs are almost entirely ignored
• TNC Restoration Model (e.g., Sacramento River) is complementary in its taxa selection (Ryan Luster pers. comm.)
• Hydrological connectivity and ecological processes (e.g., succession) are critical to long term restoration success >> spatial & temporal monitoring frameworks are necessary
• There is a need to catalog representative benchmarks within functioning riparian habitats & adjust our expectations accordingly
• Ecosystem management, within the framework of Adaptive Management, must account for efforts outside of direct focus
AcknowledgmentsICE Interns:
Rachel Hutchinson, Jorgina Cuixart, Joel Bonilla, Betsy Harbert, Lisa Kashiwase
ICE:Ingrid Hogle, Paul Fulton, Allan Hollander
The Nature Conservancy: Mandy Tu, Becky Waegell, Jamie Marty, Jennifer Buck, Ryan Luster
John Muir Institute of the Environment:Ellen Mantalica, Diana Cummings, Carson Jeffres, John Kochendorfer
California Bay Delta Authority:Ecological Restoration Program (Award # ERP-01-NO1)
Information Center for the Environment
Cosumnes Research Group
hemispherical image of cottonwood (Populus fremontii) canopy in the “accidental” forest