Types of Merchant Ships

A ship – part 1

Basic vocabulary 1a1. You embark or disembark a ship by the

_________.

2.The __________is for letting the smoke out of the engines.

3. The opposite end of the boat from the stern is the _________ .

4.You can see the sea through the __________.

Basic vocabulary 1b5. I crossed the Channel on the ___________.

6. The 'Charles de Gaulle' is a __________ .

7. A __________ is the watertight body of a ship or boat.

8. A ____________is a boat designed for sea rescue.

Basic vocabulary 1a1. You embark or disembark a ship by the

GANGWAY.

2. The FUNNEL is for letting the smoke out of the engines.

3. The opposite end of the boat from the stern is the BOW.

4.You can see the sea through the PORTHOLE.

Basic vocabulary 1b5. I crossed the Channel on the FERRY-

BOAT.

6. The 'Charles de Gaulle' is a WARSHIP.

7. A HULL is the watertight body of a ship or boat.

8. A LIFEBOAT is a boat designed for sea rescue.

A ship – part 2

Basic vocabulary 2a Write definitions for the words below:

Radar

Pilot house (wheelhouse)

Upper deck

Capstan

Basic vocabulary 2aRadar: apparatus that detects objects through the use of microwaves.

Pilot house: a room in the superstructure containing navigation and steering equipment.

Upper deck: higher deck on a ship.

Capstan: vertical – axled winch that can be used to apply force to a cable, rope, etc.

Basic vocabulary 2bWrite definitions for the words below:

Hawsehole (hawsepipe)

Anchor

Bow

Bulwark

Flagpole

Boom

Basic vocabulary 2bHawsehole (hawsepipe): opening in the front of a ship for anchor cables

Anchor: a mechanical device that prevents a vessel from moving

Bow: part at the front of a boat that cleaves the water

Basic vocabulary 2bBulwark: protective rim of the upper deck

Flagpole: post used to hoist flags

Boom: post used to load and unload goods

ClassificationShips can be classified according to their

purpose:

I. Transportation of cargo or/and passengers;

II. Assistance and service (special purpose vessels);

III Catching of fish (fishermen);IV. Peace keeping (warships).

I. Transportation of passengers

Cruise linerPassenger linerHydrofoilHovercraft

Cruise Liner

Passenger Liner

Hydrofoil

Basic Vocabulary 3Write definitions for the words below:

Hydrofoil boat

Stern

Stack

Windlass

Basic Vocabulary 3Hydrofoil boat: high-speed ship which lifts above the water surface at speed

Stern: the rear part of a ship

Stack (funnel): conical shaped structure consisting of a shaft for ventilation and the passage of smoke

Windlass: horizontal– axled winch that is used to hoist an anchor

Hovercraft

Hovercraft

Basic vocabulary 4Write definitions for the words below:

Hovercraft

Rudder

Gearbox

Basic vocabulary 4Hovercraft: transport vehicle that moves on a cushion of air

Rudder: apparatus for turning the boat

Gearbox: device which reduces or multiplies angular velocity; it uses gears and gear trains to provide speed and torque conversions from a rotating power source to another device

Basic vocabulary 5Write definitions for the words below:

Navigation bridge

Container

Loading crane

Bulbous bow

Basic vocabulary 5Navigation bridge: raised platform from which a vessel is controlled

Container: standard sized boxlike object used for transporting goods

Loading crane: apparatus used to lift and operate cargo (containers)

Bulbous bow: a protruding bulb at the bow of a ship just below the waterline

Bulbous bow

I. Combined / mixed types

Passenger – Car ferryGeneral cargo shipRo-Ro passenger ship

Ferry

I. Cargo ships (freighters)Cargo ships/freighters can be divided into five

groups, according to the type of cargo they carry:

General Cargo VesselsTankersDry-bulk CarriersMultipurpose VesselsReefer Ships

General Cargo Vessels carry packaged items like chemicals, foods, furniture, machinery, motor- and military vehicles, footwear, garments, etc.

Tankers carry petroleum products or other liquid cargo.

Bulk carriercarries unpackaged bulk cargo (grain, coal,

ore, cement) in cargo holds

cargo in loose form

bulk cargo can be dense, corrosive and abrasive -> cargo shifting ; spontaneous combustion

Bulk carrier

Multi-purpose Vessels carry different classes of cargo – e.g. liquid and general cargo – at the same time.

A Reefer (or Refrigerated) ship is specifically designed and used for shipping perishable commodities which require temperature-controlled, mostly fruits, meat, fish, vegetables, dairy products etc.

Oil tanker (ULCC, VLCC)Chemical carrier LPG carrierLNG carrierFPSO (Floating production storage and

offloading)

Oil tanker (side view)

Oil tanker 1oil tanker = petroleum tanker

designed for the bulk transport of oil

Basic types:Crude tanker (carries large quantities of unrefined

oil from its point of extraction to refineries)Product tanker (smaller / carries petrochemicals

from refineries to points near consuming markets)

Oil tanker 2VLCC – very large crude carrier (200,000 –

300,000 dwt)

ULCC – ultra large crude carrier (> 300,000 dwt)

Chemical carrier= type of tanker designed to transport

chemicals in bulk

has separate cargo tanks - coated

LPG carrier

LNG carrier

FPSO

FPSO= floating production, storage and offloading

used by the offshore industry for processing hydrocarbons and storage of oil

hydrocarbons produced from nearyby platforms are received, processed, stored, offloaded

Container shipRo-Ro shipCar carrier Bulk carrier

Container ship

Container shiprapid growth of container transport

cargo can be transported from customer to customer

TEU (twenty feet equivalent unit)FEU (forty feet equivalent unit)

Ro – Ro ship

Ro-Ro shiproll on / roll off

wheeled cargo (automobiles, trucks, etc.)

ramps

II. Assistance and serviceHarbour tug; Ocean -going tugResearch shipSupplierDredgerCablelayerLASH shipHeavy-lift vesselIcebreakeretc.

Tugboat

Tugboathighly manoeuverable

powerful for their size / strongly built

CPP

Supplier

Supplier= supply ship

designed to supply offshore oil platforms

transports goods and personnel to and from offshore oil platforms

Grab dredger

Grab dredgerused to maintain or deepen channels and

fairways

LASH ship

LASH shipLighter aboard ship

has a flat main deck, without obstacles

loading and transport of barges (lighters) between inland waterways separated by open seas

Heavy-lift vessel

Heavy-lift vesselmoves vary large loads that cannot be

handled by normally equipped ships

semi-submersible

Icebreaker

Icebreakerhulls which are strengthened for navigation

in ice

reinforced stem

III. Fishing vessels (fisherman)TrawlerFreezer trawlerFishery factory shipWhale shipWhale factory ship

Trawler

Trawlerengaged in all-the-year-round fishing

must therefore be a strong, sturdy vessel able to work in the worst of weather

Freezer trawlercan remain at sea for many weeks longer

than this as the catch is sorted, washed, gutted and then frozen into about 40 kg-blocks and retained at a temperature of about -28°C, until port is reached.

Fish factorythe catch is not only cleaned and gutted, but

also filleted, skinned and processed ready for the market

IV. Warships (Man-of-war)peace-keeping vessels

equipped with a high-power propulsion plant