Lemon Final Defense

8/9/2019 Lemon Final Defense

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An Undergraduate Thesis

NEIL LEMON B. MEDIODIA

presented by:

March 10, 2010


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Introduction

Chapter 1


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Statement of the Problem

What is the work attitude of skilled and non- skilled workers inthe construction industry of Oroquieta City in relation to thefollowing factors:

a. Project Management

b. Safety

c. Work Environmentd. Co- workers

e. Performance

f. Benefits

g. Supervision

Chapter 1


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Is there a significant difference between the work

attitudes and its related factors among skilled andnon- skilled workers in the construction industry ofOroquieta City?

Is there any relationship in the attitude towardswork among construction workers and the variables

of age, educational attainment and the number ofyears in the occupation?

Chapter 1


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Objective of the Study

To determine the profile of construction workersworking in the construction industry of Oroquieta City.

To investigate and compare the work attitudes of skilledand non- skilled workers in Oroquieta City.

To examine the relationship between the attitudetowards work among construction workers and thevariables age, educational attainment and the numberof years in the occupation.

Chapter 1


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Significance of the Study

provide essential information about the workers

attitude among skilled and non- skilled workers in theconstruction industry in Oroquieta City.

By conducting workers attitude surveys, project

managers will be able to know the words left unspoken.

Thus, the workers views are then valued and

improvement of morale and commitment is realized.Taking lead to this case, issues like reasons for high

worker productivity and good management can be dealt

with.

Chapter 1


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Scope and Limitations

The study is concerned primarily on the comparison of

attitude among skilled and non- skilled workers in theconstruction industry of Oroquieta City. Construction

projects are limited to on-going horizontal projects bygovernment and private construction entities.

The study also focuses into the construction workers

attitudes and related factors such as projectmanagement, safety, work environment, co- workers,

performance, benefits, and treatment given by the

supervisor.

Chapter 1


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Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature


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AttitudeAttitudes are generally positive or negative views ofa person, place, thing, or event this is oftenreferred to as the attitude object

(www.wikipedia.org).

Attitude is a choice (Kalaydjian, 2009).

Chapter 2


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Skilled Worker

A skilled worker is any worker who has some specialskill, knowledge, or (usually acquired) ability in hiswork.

Non- skilled WorkerNon- skilled is any worker who dont have specialskill or trainings in his work, usually called as laborer.

Chapter 2


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Attitude Survey

Attitude survey is a piece of research carried outto assess the feelings of a target audience toward aproduct, brand, or organization(dictionary.bnet.com).

Questionnaire

A questionnaire is a printed form, sent torespondent who completes the form and returns it.

It evaluates certain measures through a series ofquestions which are relevant to whatever purpose itmay serve.

Chapter 2


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Rating

A rating consists of the respondents assigning

numbers to their judgments about the relativeamount of some property which a set of objectspossesses.

Chapter 2


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Mode

The mode is the value that occurs the mostfrequently in a data set.

Chart

A chart is a visual representation of data, inwhich the data are represented by symbols.

PercentageIn mathematics, a percentage is a way ofexpressing a number as a fraction o f 100 (percentmeaning "per hundred").

Chapter 2

Statistical Treatment Used


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Mann- Whitney U Test of Significance

In statistics, the MannWhitney U test is a nonparametric test for assessing whether twoindependent samples of observations come fromthe same distribution. It is one of the best-known

non-parametric significance tests.

Chapter 2

Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient

Spearman rank correlation coefficient tells themagnitude and direction of the associationbetween two variables that are on an interval orratio scale.
http://../spearman%20rank.docxhttp://../mann%20whitney%20u.doc


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Chapter 3

Methodology


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Research Design

The study is basically focused on work attitude. Thestudy makes use of a descriptive- comparative methodthat sought to know the significant difference betweenthe attitudes of skilled and non- skilled workers in the

construction industry of Oroquieta City. Respondents

Construction workers in the local industry of Oroquieta City are made to be the respondents that is

made up of both skilled and laborers. The number ofrespondents per on- going construction areproportioned from a sample.

Chapter 3
http://../sample%20sizing1.docxhttp://../sample%20sizing1.docx


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Chapter 3

Statistical Treatment
http://../chapter3hyper.docxhttp://../chapter3hyper.docx


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Chapter 4

Results and Discussions

h


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Chapter 4Profile of the Respondents

Status Frequency Percentage

Single 22 31%

Married 47 67%

Widow 1 2%

31%

67%

2%

Overall Status Distribution of Respondents

single

married

widow

Table 4.1.1 Overall Status of Construction Workers

Figure 4.1.1

Ch


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Chapter 4

Below 20 21-30 31-40 41-50 51-60 Above 60

3

23

1613 11

4

Overall Age Distribution of

Respondents

Figure 4.1.2

Age Frequency Percentage

Below 20 3 4%

21-30 23 33%

31-40 16 23%

41-50 13 19%

51-60 11 16%

Above 60 4 6%

Table 4.1.2 Overall Age of Construction Workers

Ch


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Chapter 4

24

17 16

5 3 3 2

Overall Distribution of Number of Years in the

Construction Industry of Respondents

Below 5 6 - 10 11 - 15 16 - 20 21 - 25 26 - 30 Above 30

Figure 4.1.3

Years in the Occupation Frequency Percentage

Below 5 24 34%

6 - 10 17 24%11 - 15 16 23%

16 - 20 5 7%

21 - 25 3 4%

26 - 30 3 4%

Above 30 2 3%

Table 4.1.3 Overall Number of Years in the Occupation of Respondents

Ch


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Chapter 4

Elementary Graduate

High School GraduateCollege Level

11

52

7

Overall Distribution of Highest Educational

Attainment of Respondents

Educational Attainment Frequency PercentageElementary Graduate 11 16%

High School Graduate 52 74%

College Level 7 10%

Total 70 100%

Figure 4.1.4

Table 4.1.4 Overall Highest Educational Attainment among Construction Workers

Ch


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Chapter 4

GovernmentPrivate

16

54

Overall Agency Distribution of

Respondents

Agency Frequency Percentage

Government 16 23%

Private 54 77%

Figure 4.1.5

Table 4.1.5 Overall Agency Distribution of Respondents

Ch t


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Chapter 4

Below 3500 3501-4500 4501-5500 5501-6500 Above 6500

11

44

5 91

Overall Monthly Salary Distribution of

Respondents

Monthly Salary Frequency PercentageBelow 3500 11 16%

3501-4500 44 63%

4501-5500 5 7%

5501-6500 9 13%

Above 6500 1 1%

Figure 4.1.6

Table 4.1.6 Overall Monthly Salary of Respondents

Ch t


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Chapter 4

Carpenter Mason Welder SteelmanMachineOperator

17

102 3 3

Job Position Distribution among

Skilled Workers

Skill/ Job Position Frequency Percentage

Carpenter 17 49%

Mason 10 29%

Welder 2 6%

Steel man 3 9%

Machine Operator 3 9%

Figure 4.1.7

Table 4.1.7 Job Position of Skilled Workers

Ch t


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Chapter 4

A. Attitude towards WorkTabulated Rating

DescriptionStronglyAgree

Agree Undecided DisagreeStrongly

Disagree

My job is like a hobby to me.6 9 5 12 3 --

My job is interesting enough.10 9 5 10 1 +

I am often bored with my job.1 13 8 12 1 --

I definitely dislike my work.0 11 7 13 4 +

I choose this job because it allows me

to reach my goals. 4 13 8 9 1 +

A. Attitude towards WorkTabulated Rating

DescriptionStronglyAgree

Agree Undecided DisagreeStrongly

Disagree

My job is like a hobby to me.12 11 1 9 2

+My job is interesting enough.

7 8 2 14 4 --

I am often bored with my job.6 11 4 11 3 --

I definitely dislike my work.7 11 6 9 2 --

I choose this job because it allows me

to reach my goals. 5 16 6 7 1

+

Table 4.2.1 Attitude towards Work for Skilled Workers

Table 4.2.1 Attitude towards Work for Skilled Workers

Ch t


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Chapter 4Table 4.2.3 Skilled Workers Response to Factor Project Management

Table 4.2.4 Non- skilled Workers Response to Factor Project Management

B. Project ManagementTabulated Rating

DescriptionStrongly

AgreeAgree Undecided Disagree

Strongly

Disagree

I am given an opportunity to improve my

skills here.

6 17 6 6 0 +

I am treated with respect at work.3 18 7 6 1 +

I am made to feel I am an important 6 10 2 12 1 _

I am involved in decisions that affect my

work.3 17 8 6 1 +

I have confidence in the leadership of my

company. 8 15 11 0 1 +

B. Project ManagementTabulated Rating

DescriptionStrongly


Strongly

Disagree

I am given an opportunity to improve my

skills here. 9 19 2 2 3 +

I am treated with respect at work.6 9 7 10 3 _

I am made to feel I am an important 7 12 7 9 0 +

I am involved in decisions that affect my

work.6 8 9 12 0 _

I have confidence in the leadership of my

company. 19 9 1 3 3 +

Ch t


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Chapter 4Table 4.2.5 Skilled Workers Response to Factor Safety

Table 4.2.6 Non- skilled Workers Response to Factor Safety

C. SafetyTabulated Rating

DescriptionStrongly


Strongly

Disagree

I feel that it is important to maintain

safety at all times. 4 10 9 9 3 +

I encourage my co- worker to work

safely. 6 8 6 15 0 _

Occasionally, due to over familiarity 0 8 9 16 2 _

I am not given enough time to get the job

done safely. 0 6 9 16 4 _

Under work pressure, it is normal 1 7 7 18 2 _

C. SafetyTabulated Rating

DescriptionStrongly


Strongly

Disagree

I feel that it is important to maintain

safety at all times. 5 11 11 6 2 +

I encourage my co- worker to work

safely.6 16 3 9 1 +

Occasionally, due to over familiarity 5 12 7 9 2 +

I am not given enough time to get the job

done safely.1 15 6 11 2 +

Under work pressure, it is normal 4 16 5 5 5 +

Chapter


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Chapter 4Table 4.2.7 Skilled Workers Response to Factor Present Working Condition

Table 4.2.8 Non- skilled Workers Response to Factor Present Working Condition

D. Present Working ConditionsTabulated Rating

DescriptionStrongly


Strongly

Disagree

I feel comfortable with my place of

work.1 23 3 6 2 +

I am irritated of the environment 0 11 12 9 3 +

I am very much tired of having 2 18 4 10 1 +

I always need adequate physical 2 14 8 10 1 +

I rarely feel exhausted at work.0 17 6 10 2 +

D. Present Working ConditionsTabulated Rating

DescriptionStrongly


Strongly

Disagree

I feel comfortable with my place of

work. 9 20 2 4 0 +

I am irritated of the environment3 20 2 6 4 +

I am very much tired of having 4 15 5 9 2 +

I always need adequate physical 4 17 3 8 3 +

I rarely feel exhausted at work.9 9 7 7 3 +

Chapter 4


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Chapter 4Table 4.2.9 Skilled Workers Response to Factor Co-workers

Table 4.2.10 Non- skilled Workers Response to Factor Co-workers

E. Co-workers

Tabulated Rating

DescriptionStrongly


Strongly

Disagree

There is teamwork among the workers in

this company. 4 22 6 2 1 +

Overall, my co-workers are good 3 11 7 14 0 _

I am proud to be associated with my co-

workers. 4 15 5 10 1 +

I trust and have confidence among 3 15 8 8 1 +

The work groups in this company worktogether well. 3 14 6 11 1 +

E. Co-workersTabulated Rating

DescriptionStrongly


Strongly

Disagree

There is teamwork among the workers in

this company. 20 11 1 1 2 +

Overall, my co-workers are good 13 13 4 3 2 +

I am proud to be associated with my co-

workers. 8 18 5 3 1 +

I trust and have confidence among 12 16 4 2 1 +

The work groups in this company work

together well. 15 11 4 4 1 +

Chapter 4


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Chapter 4Table 4.2.11 Skilled Workers Response to Factor Performance

Table 4.2.12 Non- skilled Workers Response to Factor Performance

F. PerformanceTabulated Rating

DescriptionStrongly


Strongly

Disagree

My performance appraisal accurately

2 20 7 5 1 +

My performance gives me a feeling 4 16 4 11 0 +

I am clear about what I need to do 1 12 7 15 0 _

I understand how my performance is

evaluated. 7 9 5 13 1 _

I understand how my performance 7 10 7 11 0 _

F. PerformanceTabulated Rating

DescriptionStrongly


Strongly

Disagree

My performance appraisal accurately

10 14 3 5 3 +

My performance gives me a feeling 5 12 8 9 1 +

I am clear about what I need to do 8 6 9 9 3 _

I understand how my performance is

evaluated.5 11 5 11 3 +

I understand how my performance 7 6 5 11 6 _

Chapter 4


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Chapter 4Table 4.2.13 Skilled Workers Response to Benefits/ Incentives

Table 4.2.14 Non- skilled Workers Response to Benefits/ Incentives

G. Benefits/ IncentivesTabulated Rating

DescriptionStrongly


Strongly

Disagree

The companys benefits package

7 14 5 9 0 +The companys benefits package

1 10 6 18 0 _

I receive adequate recognition and

rewards 2 14 4 14 1 +

Company awards program provides 1 8 8 18 0 _

Overall, I am satisfied with the benefits 3 10 7 14 1 _

G. Benefits/ IncentivesTabulated Rating

DescriptionStrongly


Strongly

Disagree

The companys benefits package

12 10 2 10 1 +

The companys benefits package 7 10 4 12 2 _

I receive adequate recognition and

rewards 2 14 7 10 2 +

Company awards program provides 4 14 2 12 3 +

Overall, I am satisfied with the benefits

7 9 7 9 3 +

Chapter 4


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Chapter 4Table 4.2.15 Skilled Workers Response to Factor Relationship to the Supervisor

Table 4.2.16 Non- skilled Workers Response to Factor Relationship to the Supervisor

H. SupervisionTabulated Rating

DescriptionStrongly


Strongly

Disagree

My Supervisor has a positive attitude 2 22 6 5 0 +

There is a good communication 5 12 4 14 0 _

I can go to my supervisor if I have a

problem. 4 13 5 12 1 +

My supervisor gives me constructive

feedback. 5 15 8 6 1 +

I trust the feedback I receive from mysupervisor. 7 15 6 6 1 +

H. SupervisionTabulated Rating

DescriptionStrongly


Strongly

Disagree

My Supervisor has a positive attitude

15 13 2 4 1 +

There is a good communication 5 18 4 7 1 +

I can go to my supervisor if I have a

problem.6 11 5 11 2 +

My supervisor gives me constructive

feedback.8 11 6 9 1 +

I trust the feedback I receive from my

supervisor. 8 17 3 4 3 +

Chapter 4


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Chapter 4

Table 4.3 Significant difference between the work attitudes based on the related factorsamong skilled and non-skilled workers based on the related factors

Hypothesis Mann-Whitney U Probability Result

Ho

: There is no significant difference between the work attitudes

based on its related factors among skilled and non-skilled workers

in the construction industry of Oroquieta City.

H1

: There is a significant difference between the work attitudes

based on its related factors among skilled and non-skilled workers

in the construction industry of Oroquieta City.

-1.317 0.1877 >

Chapter 4


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Chapter 4

Table 4.4 Relationship of Work Attitudes of Construction Workers with the variable Age

Hypothesis Spearman rank Probability Result

Ho

: There is no significant association in the attitude towards work

among construction workers and their age.

H1

: There is a significant association in the attitude towards work

among construction workers and their age.

0.0367 0.7628 >

Chapter 4


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Chapter 4

Table 4.5 Relationship of Work Attitudes of Construction Workers with the variableEducational Attainment

Hypothesis Spearman rank Probability Result

Ho

: There is no significant association in the attitude towards

work among construction workers and their educational

attainment.

H1

: There is a significant association in the attitude towards work

among construction workers and their educational attainment.

0.0658 0.5884 >

Chapter 5


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Chapter 5

Conclusions &

Recommendations


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Chapter 5


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With regards to project management, it canbe noted that the skilled workers give morepositive ranking than the non-skilled. This wouldmean that the skilled workers are more aware onthe management.

Considering safety, still the skilled workersgive more negative ratings compared to non-skilled workers. This would imply that skilled

workers are conscious and have exposure onsafety compared with the non- skilled.

Chapter 5

Chapter 5


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In terms of present working conditions, skilled

and non- skilled agreed to give a positive rating.

Thus, both are pleased and satisfied with theirenvironment.

Concerning their response to their respective co-

workers, the skilled workers apparently made four-out-of-five positive response, while the non- skilledworkers gave a perfect positive response. Most of

the respondents enjoyed the company of each other.

In performance, most say My performanceappraisal accurately reflects my performance. This

indicates that most of the respondents adhere to the

evaluation given to them.

Chapter 5

Chapter 5


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As compared with respect to benefits/incentives, the skilled works give most of the

negative rating than the non- skilled. This wouldindicate that skilled workers are unsatisfied withthe programs on incentives/ benefits than non-

skilled.In the relationship with the supervisor, it is clear

that most of the respondents are optimistic andconfident with their respective supervisors. Theydo not see their supervisor destructive on theirpart. It is worth noting that the non-skilledworkers gave a perfect positive response.

Chapter 5

Chapter 5


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Chapter 5

3. Taking into consideration the result obtained, it

is determined that there is no significantdifference between the work attitudes based onits related factors among skilled and non- skilledworkers in the construction industry of Oroquieta

City. This means that the work attitudes amongskilled workers do have a relationship with thoseof the non- skilled workers.

Chapter 5


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Chapter 5

4. Taking into consideration the result obtained,

it is determined that there is no significantdifference between the work attitudes based onits related factors among skilled and non- skilledworkers in the construction industry of Oroquieta

City. This means that the work attitudes amongskilled workers do have a relationship with thoseof the non- skilled workers.

Chapter 5


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5. Based on the results obtained using the

appropriate statistical treatment, it was foundout that the there is no significant relationshipbetween work attitudes of construction workersand the variables; age, educational attainmentand number of years in the occupation. Thismeans that the work attitudes of therespondents are not affected with age,

educational attainment and experience.

Chapter 5

R d ti Chapter 5


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Recommendations

1. To have a clear understanding on the

differences on the work attitudes in other place,conduct a comparative study on work attitudeswith other cities.

2. To make the data gathering fast andconvenient, reconstruct the questionnaire andreduce it to specifics.

3. To reduce the errors during statistical analysisand have reliable results, increase the sample size.

4. To have a good response from the respondents,allow the respondents to think.

Chapter 5

References


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References

References


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References


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Job Satisfaction (2009). Free Management Library. Retrieved October 04, 2009, fromhttp://managementhelp.org/prsn_wll/job_stfy.htm

Kotelnikov, V.(2009). Attitude Drives Behavior. The Power of Passion. Retrieved July 15, 2009,from http://www.1000ventures.com/vk.html

Kwakye, A. A. (1997) ; Construction Project Administration in Practice; Addison WesleyLongman Publishing.

Levy, S. M. (2002); Project Management in Construction ; 4th Edition; McGraw Hill.

Management (2009). Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved October 04, 2009, fromhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Management

Montgomery, D. C., & Runger, G. C.(1994), Applied Statistics & Probability for Engineers,John Wiley & Sons Publishing.

Scott, E.(2007).Job Satisfaction: Find Satisfaction At Your Current Job. Retrieved October 04,2009, from http://stress.about.com/od/workplacestress/a/jobsatisfaction.htm

References

References


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Security (2009). Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved October 04, 2009, fromhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_(finance)

Skilled Worker (2009). The Free Dictionary. Retrieved October 04, 2009, fromhttp://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/skilled+worker

Wage (2009). Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved October 05, 2009, fromhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wage.htm

What is a Project Management Professional? (2008). Civil Engineering BLOG. RetrievedDecember 05, 2009, from http://civilengineerblog.com/category/project-management.html

References

Pictures


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Pictures

Questionnaire


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Questionnaire

Questionnaire


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Questionnaire


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Questionnaire


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Questionnaire


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Thank you!

Lemon Final Defense

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