Lecture 11 old babylonian period (b)

The MidtermThe Midterm One essay (out of two); 50 minutes. Bring a blue book, writing utensil, and

your text books. This is a test of your critical thinking skills,

not your ability to memorize minutiae. Themes: The role of the environment in

state formation, the development of social hierarchy, and the process of centralization. Hint: Try to organize your information into

periods (rather than by dates), and look at the differences between these periods, as well as between geographical locations.

One essay (out of two); 50 minutes. Bring a blue book, writing utensil, and

your text books. This is a test of your critical thinking skills,

not your ability to memorize minutiae. Themes: The role of the environment in

state formation, the development of social hierarchy, and the process of centralization. Hint: Try to organize your information into

periods (rather than by dates), and look at the differences between these periods, as well as between geographical locations.

HISTORY 26

Lecture Eleven:

The Old Babylonian Period

(c. 1800 - 1600 BC)

HISTORY 26

Lecture Eleven:

The Old Babylonian Period

(c. 1800 - 1600 BC)

Third Dynasty of Ur, or Ur III(2112 - 2004 BC)

Third Dynasty of Ur, or Ur III(2112 - 2004 BC)

Babylonia (2004 - 1792 BC)Babylonia (2004 - 1792 BC)

Ibbi-Sin

Ishbi-Erra of Isin

Expulsion of Elam


Isin and Larsa

Babylon

Eshnunna

Elam


Centralizing Tendencies• Nippur (Enlil) remained the religious

capital; possession conferred the title ‘King of Sumer and Akkad’

• The high priestess of Ur, wife to Nanna

• A shared belief in a single kingship for all of southern Mesopotamia

Centralizing Tendencies• Nippur (Enlil) remained the religious

capital; possession conferred the title ‘King of Sumer and Akkad’

• The high priestess of Ur, wife to Nanna

• A shared belief in a single kingship for all of southern Mesopotamia

The Rise of Babylon (1792 - 1761 BC)

The Rise of Babylon (1792 - 1761 BC)

• Hammurabi’s main rivals:• Rim-Sin of Larsa• Shamshi-Adad• Eshnunna• Elam

• “The king who made the four quarters of the earth obedient”

• Marduk is integrated into the Sumerian pantheon at Nippur, as the son of Ea (Eridu)

• Hammurabi’s main rivals:• Rim-Sin of Larsa• Shamshi-Adad• Eshnunna• Elam

• “The king who made the four quarters of the earth obedient”

• Marduk is integrated into the Sumerian pantheon at Nippur, as the son of Ea (Eridu)

Hammurabi’s BabylonHammurabi’s Babylon

Hammurabi and His Law Code

Hammurabi and His Law Code

• King as shepherd and farmer

• A source of legal authority and an upholder of justice

• King as shepherd and farmer

• A source of legal authority and an upholder of justice

The Scribal TraditionThe Scribal Tradition• A number of clay tablets have survived

from this period that are school exercises of young men studying to be scribes

• Mathematics, surveying, music, and literature (myths, hymns, and proverbs)

• Sumerian and Akkadian• The royal court was an important patron

of scribes• Many compositions glorify the king and his

distant ancestors, portraying them in superhuman and semi-divine terms

• A number of clay tablets have survived from this period that are school exercises of young men studying to be scribes

• Mathematics, surveying, music, and literature (myths, hymns, and proverbs)

• Sumerian and Akkadian• The royal court was an important patron

of scribes• Many compositions glorify the king and his

distant ancestors, portraying them in superhuman and semi-divine terms

The Old Hittite Kingdom(c. 1650 - 1500 BC)


• Samsuiluna and the rebellion of southern Babylonia• Northern Babylonia continued to flourish

for the next 155 years

• Hattusili establishes the Old Hittite Kingdom, with its capital at Hattusa

• Mursili sacks both Aleppo (Yamkhad) and Babylon, but is assassinated

• Samsuiluna and the rebellion of southern Babylonia• Northern Babylonia continued to flourish

for the next 155 years

• Hattusili establishes the Old Hittite Kingdom, with its capital at Hattusa

• Mursili sacks both Aleppo (Yamkhad) and Babylon, but is assassinated

Lecture 11 old babylonian period (b)

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