Language Structure 4. Select the underlined section that contains an error:

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined section that contains an error:

1. His trials and tribulations, which he claimed were his worse, would be more satisfactory if he actually took the time to organize his thoughts. a) which he claimed were b) worse c) actually d) thoughts

2.My friend had been advised to make prudent investments with her inheritance, so she delayed to buy those stocks offered on the exchange that morning. a) b) to make c) with d) delayed to buy a) had been advised to b) to make c) with d) delayed to buy The correct answer should be DELAYED BUYING. An infinitive was used instead of a gerund. DELAYED is a verb that is followed by the -ing Gerund.

3. The newest ideas presented actually will might cost more, and may have to be considered carefully before going to the board for ratification. a) b) will might c) may have to dbefore going a) presented b) will might c) may have to dbefore going Don't put two MODAL verbs together like this. The correct structure is MIGHT COST.

4. Not agreeing to sell his assets and eventually is phasing out his construction company, John will attempt to keep things going until the bank floats another loan. a) b) is phasing c) will attempt d) things going a) Not agreeing to sell b) is phasing c) will attempt d) things going This should read PHASING, to keep it as a parallel structure with NOT AGREEING. It is a participle, not a verb tense.

5. Until the end of the First World War, a little official attention was given to preventing fires, because extinguishing fires was the main concern of fire departments. a) b) to preventing c) extinguishing d) was a) a little b) to preventing c) extinguishing d) was A LITTLE means that some attention was given, which has no negative connotation; LITTLE is the correct answer. LITTLE means not much, which gives the sentence its correct negative connotation.

6. A frustrating year for the U.S. space program was experienced in 1993 because of lost satellites, delays of space shuttle launches, and a drastically size reduction of the space station. a) b) was experienced c) because of d) drastically a) frustrating b) was experienced c) because of d) drastically DRASTICALLY is an adverb, but what is needed is an adjective. DRASTIC is the correct form of the word.

7. Marine biology also deals on organisms which directly depend upon bodies of salt water for necessities of life. a) deals on b) which c) depend upon d) necessities of life The answer should be with a different preposition which follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.

8. Hakka is very much like Cantonese, with six tones distinguishing meaning between words or words elements within the same vowels and consonants. a) much like b) with c) words d) within the This is a noun which has 'become' an adjective to modify ELEMENTS, and there are very few adjectives which end in -S.

9. 9. When was the least time you updated the information in your address book? a) was b) least c) the d) address This should be LAST not LEAST.

10. 10. Does Jose know how to shipping the fragile parts so that they don't break during export? a) Does b) how c) shipping d) so that The correct form should be SHIP in the infinitive phrase HOW TO SHIP.

11. 11. Although he wasn't never promoted, Ming maintained his rigorous standards until he retired. a) wasn`t b) promoted c) until d) retired The double negative WASN'T NEVER is not correct. It should be either WAS NEVER or WASN'T EVER.

12. 12. If you are dissatisfied for our service, please let us know how we can improve. a) dissatisfied b) for c) know d) can Both SATISFIED and DISSATISFIED are followed by the preposition WITH, e.g. Are you satisfied with this answer?

13. 13. Our lawyer advised we to request an audit from the tax office. a) we b) an c) from d) the The object form US is needed after the verb ADVISED: Our lawyer advised us to request.

14. 14. Although he thinks differently than the previous owner, they have some similarities. a) Although b) differently c) than d) some Although this word is sometimes heard after DIFFERENT, the correct preposition is FROM.

15. 15. We are running late on the order, so be sure it is by five o'clock ready. a) late b) on c) be d) by five o'clock ready This is incorrect because it should be: READY BY FIVE O'CLOCK.

16. 16. I borrowed a dog from a friend to prevent thieves to breaking into the warehouse. a) borrowed b) from c) thieves d) to Use the preposition FROM after the verb TO PREVENT.

Incomplete sentences:

17. 17. Mr. Bulalla has _________ been promoted. a) ever b) yet c) already d) still

18. 18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's business acumen is beyond reproach, she has been able to increase profits dramatically. a) b) c) So d) a) Even though b) Because of c) So d) Because

19.________ all those applying for the position, Mr. Jamison was the one chosen, as he was the most experienced. a) b) c) d) a) Of b) From c) Against d) With

20.The World Wide Web revolutionized the way we communicate; ___________, video-conferencing, internet- phone, and all the other multimedia embedded in the Web extend our global communication. a) moreover b) consequently c) nevertheless d) for example

21.Had the overdraft __________, the bank would have called. a) b) c) d) a) noticed b) been noticed c) being noticed d) was noticed The passive is needed here. It has the same meaning as IF THE PEOPLE WORKING IN THE BANK HAD NOTICED THE OVERDRAFT.

22.If you can't ___________ with your old computer in today's fast-track technology, you should upgrade to a faster one. a) b) c) d) a) get to b) get through c) get along d) get by GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.

23.Without ___ legal support, we are certain to lose the lawsuit against us. a) b) c) d) a) no b) any c) little d) none After WITHOUT we change NO into ANY. It's the same rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.

24.When Sara arrived ___ work, everyone suddenly stopped talking. a) b) c) d) a) at b) to c) in d) into One arrives AT a place.

25.They are planning ___ a branch in Europe in three months. a) b) c) d) a) for open b)for opening c) to open d) open

26.They ___ hire you if you had a valid driver's license. a) b) c) d) a) will b)have c) shall d) would Because HAD occurs in the last clause, the first clause should have a conditional WOULD form.

27.Every year Ms. Lang looks forward ___ her summer vacation on the islands. a) b) c) d) a) to b)at c) in d) about One looks forward TO something, meaning one anticipates it with excitement.

28.The lawyer who represents all our branches ___ never lost a single case. a) b) c) d) a) haven't b)has c) hasn't d) will

29.When Tanya had to give a speech, she ___ nervous hours beforehand. a) b) c) d) a) was always b)always was c) always d)always isn't The adverb of frequency ALWAYS should come after WAS.

30.Where can I find some ___ on military spending in various countries? a) b) c) d) a) informations b)informative c) infos d) information

31.You should always lock your desk before leaving ___ that nobody can steal anything. a) b) c) d) a) as b)so c) in d) because SO THAT marks the beginning of a reason or purpose clause.

32.The rapid fall ___ stockmarket prices started panic among the stockholders. a) b) c) d) a) in b)to c) of d) at

33.Don't worry we'll have to wait a little longer because I'm sure he'll ______ soon. a) b) c) d) a) turn up b)turn in c) turn into d) turn down TURN UP means to appear/arrive unexpectedly.

34.Last week I _____ that book you wanted in a small shop. a) b) c) came across d) a) came up b)came into c) came across d) came by COME ACROSS in this sentence means 'find by chance'.

35.What you have to do is to ______ a new idea that will enable us to make a lot of money. a) b) c) think about d) a) think over b)think out c) think about d) think up THINK UP means try hard to imagine something new whereas think over means consider or reflect on.

36.The time has now come when it will be necessary to _______ making a plan. a) b) c) see through d) a) see about b)see over c) see through d) see into SEE ABOUT means make preparations for something or doing something.

37.It's easy to see from the way the garden is looking that winter has _______. a) b) c) set up d) a) set out b)set in c) set up d) set off SET IN means there are signs of frost/snow/cold temperature and no leaves on the trees.

38.You need not worry that you'll be left on your own because I'll always _____ you. a) b) c) stand by d) a) stand for b)stand to c) stand by d) stand from STAND BY suggests supporting or standing shoulder to shoulder with someone or something.

39.You can tell by the way she talks and behaves that she _______ her mother. a) b) c) takes back d) a) takes to b)takes in c) takes back d) takes after TAKE AFTER means behave in the same way/do the same things as/be similar to.

40.The station isn't far away and the train leaves in about ten minutes so there is no need to worry we have time to ____. a) b) c) spare d) p a) save b)store c) spare d) place

41.We're not living here for good but just for the time ______. a) b) c) going d) being a) seeing b)trying c) going d) being FOR THE TIME BEING means at the present time but not for always.

42.Time will ______ whether we have made the right decision. a) b) c) tell d) find a) say b)know c) tell d) find

43. Some people only read the ______ lines in a newspaper. a) b) c) main d) head a) top b)big c) main d) head A HEADLINE is the title of a newspaper article or a large type at the beginning of an article. so, headline is clearly the word needed here.

44.You should always check the sell _____ date of things you buy in the supermarket. a) b) c) by d) off a) in b)through c) by d) off The idea of a SELL BY DATE is to indicate the end of the period an item can be sold.

45.When the building was completed, all the workers were paid ______. a) b) c) out d) over a) off b)through c) out d) over

46.The boss was good enough to ______ my mistake. a) b) c) overdo d) overlook a) oversee b)overtake c) overdo d) overlook TO OVERSEE means to supervise, to manage TO OVERLOOK means to fail to notice or to excuse

46.Newspapers are ______ to people's doors every day. a) b) c) delivered d) handed a) taken b)distributed c) delivered d) handed DELIVER means to bring to your door. DISTRIBUTE is simply share out/give out and so has a different meaning.

47.In _____ nothing much happened at the meeting. a) b) c) short d) shortly a) quick b)briefly c) short d) shortly You can either say IN SHORT or BRIEFLY but not in briefly.

48.At the end of the speech the whole assembly gave the speakers a standing _____. a) b) c) cheering d) support a) ovation b)applause c) cheering d) support STANDING OVATION is a fixed expression. It means that people in an audience stand up to clap their hands at the end of a performance or speech because they liked it very much. It's more than just the ordinary applause.

49.Politicians pretend to ignore opinion ______. a) b) c) numbers d) polls a) votes b)figures c) numbers d) polls An OPINION POLL is information collected by means of interviewing people about their views (opinions) and creating statistics showing the different percentages of how many people think this and how many people think that.

50.I have to have this report finished _____. a) by Friday b)until Friday c) Friday before d) Friday beginning a) by Friday b)until Friday c) Friday before d) Friday beginning

51.We were fortunate enough to visit the Grand Canyon. It has _____. a) beautiful scenery that is much b) many beautiful landscapes c) many beautiful sceneries d) much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it? a) b) c) did d) will do a) do b)have done c) did d) will do It means "Do you want me to do it?" or "Would you prefer me to do it?"

53.Jane asked me if I _____ tell her the truth. a) b) c) can d) may a) would b)will c) can d) may You can use "would" after "if" - this is not a conditional sentence. And actually, you can use it in some conditional sentences, too

54.Never ________ such a beautiful girl. a) b) c) I did see d) have I seen a) I have seen b)I saw c) I did see d) have I seen It's another way of saying "I have never seen such a beautiful girl."

55.Tom suggested that Mary ______ to university. a) b) c) went d) go a) has gone b)goes c) went d) go You can leave out "should" here; "Tom suggested that Mary should go to university" is correct, too.

56.Tom suggested that Mary ______ to university. a) b) c) went d) go a) has gone b)goes c) went d) go

57.Jane suggested ______ to the theatre. a) b) c) going d) to going a) go b)to go c) going d) to going You mustn't use "to+Infinitive" after "suggest". A correct sentence is "Jane suggested going to the theatre" or "Jane suggested that we should go to the theatre."

58.I don't like tea, ______. a) b) c) either d) also a) too b)as well c) either d) also You mustn't use "too" in a negative sentence. "I don't like tea, either" is correct.

59.We were ______ tea here. a) b) c) had some d) having any a) have some b)to have c) had some d) having any It means "We were planning to have tea here."

60.Would you mind ______ me your name, please? a) b) c) to say d) saying a) telling b)to tell c) to say d) saying After MIND, you must use -ing: "Would you mind telling me your name, please?"

61.Bigots ______ opposing views. a) b) c) like d) support a) react b)reject c) like d) support

62.If _____ I hadn't spent all my money, I might have been able to put more aside in the bank. a) b) c) only d) before a) really b)then c) only d) before

63.If she _______ about his financial situation, she would have helped him out. a) b) c) have known d) know a) had known b)knew c) have known d) know

64.The woman was arrested and charged ______ murder. a) b) c) because of d) with a) for b)because c) because of d) with

65.At this time tomorrow I _____ my driving test. a) take b)will be taking c) will take d) will be taken a) take b)will be taking c) will take d) will be taken

66._____ 66._____ my parents are against it, I will marry my drummer boyfriend. a) b) c) d) a)Nevertheless b)In spite c)Although d)Despite

67. 67.I am going to take my umbrella because it _______ rain. a) b) c) d) a)must b)might c)should d)has to

68. 68.I __________ speaking Spanish at the office. a) b) c) d) a)used to b)am used to c)use d)use to

69. 69.I suggest that he _______ to the doctor now. a) b) c) d) a)goes b)is going c)going d)go

70. 70.Her research project, _____ was recently published, is about a new technology. a) b) c) d) a)that b)whose c)which d)in which

71. 71.How many minutes does the test take? Does it say _____? a) b) c) d) a)how long does it take b)how long it take c)does it take d)how long it takes

72. 72.He _____ hard for the past year. a) b) c) d) a)will have been studying b)has been studying c)studied d)was studying

73. 73._____ from them sooner, I would have been able to take time off from work when they were here. a) b) c) d) a)If I would hear b)Did I hear c)Had I heard d)If I heard

74. 74.That research _____ several years ago. a) b) c) d) a)was done b)had been done c)has done d)did

75. 75.He _____ to be back by now. His class finished an hour ago. a) b) c) d) a)can't b)must not c)is supposed d)may not

76. 76.Since he _____ the university, he has been working in an accounting company. a) b) c) d) a)left b)leaves c)had left d)has left

77. 77.According to the scientific method, a scientist must consider ______ outcome. a) b) c) d) a) any outcome and to be a possible b) any outcome and the possible c) any outcome a possibility d) any outcome a possible

78. 78.After her death in 1986 many documentaries ______ Georgia O'Keeffe were produced. a) b) c) d) a)related the life and work of b)to relate life and work c)life and working to relate d)relating the life and work of

79. 79.______ the passage of light, many new plastics are processed using technologies rivaling those used in the manufacture of computer chips. a) b) c) d) a) To better permit b) Permitting better c) For the better of d) It is better for

80. 80.Ayn Rand, ______ novels deal with the nature of capitalism in a democracy, is often taught in introductory courses in economics. a) b) c) d) a)of many whose b)whose many of c)whose of many d)many of whose

81. 81.In most states a sales tax ranging from two per cent to ten per cent ______ on most purchases of luxury items. a) b) c) d) a) is levied b) are levied c) to levy d) levying

82. 82.The remarkable progress made in the efforts to eradicate polio from the face of the earth ______ because of cooperation among various nations. a) b) c) d) a) largely is possible b) being possible largely c) been largely possible d) has been possible largely

83. 83.Many students have come to rely ______ the Internet for information. a) b) c) d) a) at b) in c) on d) by

84 84Because the Amazon rain forest is teeming ______ life, it is considered to be one of the most important ecological environments in the world. a) b) c) d) a) with b) of c) for d) on

85 85One criticism of some well- established corporations that continues even today is that they profited _____ violations of human rights in the past. a) b) c) d) a) against b) in c) from d) to

86. 86.To qualify ______ the position of President of the United States of America, one must be at least 35 years old. a) b) c) d) a) of b) in c) to d) for

87. 87.Believers in pacifism believe that there is never a good reason to resort ______ violence. a) b) c) d) a) to b) from c) in d) on

88. 88.It is difficult to decide ______ a university to apply to because you cannot really know the quality until you attend. a) b) c) d) a) to b) for c) in d) on

89. 89.John Hancock's signature on the Declaration of Independence is known for ______. a) b) c) d) a) large size b) its large size c) being large size d) to be large size

90. 90.The Procrastinators Club of America, founded in 1956, has ______ some 10,000. a) b) c) d) a) members b) a membership of c) members of d) the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to come up with a theory that has yet to be disproved. a) Other scientists b) Similar to other scientists c) Just as other scientists d) To be a scientist a) Other scientists b) Similar to other scientists c) Just as other scientists d) To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by remarkable natural musical talent, ________ to have had little knack for the necessities of social life at court. a) Mozart, who seemed b) Mozart seemed c) it was Mozart that seeming d) Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamsters basic diet is vegetarian, some hamsters also eat insects. a) Despite b) Although c) Regardless of d) Consequently

94. Is it essential that we _____ there? a) be b) are c) will be d) would be a) be b) are c) will be d) would be

95. The judge insisted that she _______ evidence in court. a) gives b) will give c) give d) would give a) gives b) will give c) give d) would give

96. 96. No sooner _____ the phone down than it rang again a) I had put b) did I put c) had I put d) I put a) I had put b) did I put c) had I put d) I put

97. 97. No sooner _____ the phone down than it rang again a) I had put b) did I put c) had I put d) I put a) I had put b) did I put c) had I put d) I put

Language Structure 4. Select the underlined section that contains an error:

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