La Leyenda: A comparison of popular legends across...

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La Leyenda: A comparison of popular legends across cultures Cooperative Learning Lesson Plan How to introduce the lesson, clarify goals and desired outcomes, and motivate the students to take responsibility This lesson plan outlines the steps that will be taken in order to carry out a jigsaw activity. The lesson time is 55 minutes and will involve 30 students. I plan on beginning the lesson with a bell work activity that will connect to previous lessons about types of oral tradition. Students will be asked to review the elements of a story they already read, “La puerta del infierno.” They’ll consider the characters, conflict, and resolution in order to determine the type of oral tradition it represents. This bell work will be done as a think-pair-share. Next, I will present the objectives for the lesson and students will explain how the day’s activities connect to what we covered in previous lessons. I’ll show them photos from 3 new stories they’ll read that day and through think-pair-share, they will try to guess where the stories came from and what they might be about. How to establish positive social interaction among students within groups Students will not be given separate roles within their expert groups. However, I will specify that they need to take turns reading 1-2 paragraphs at a time. A student will read his or her portion and then pass the paper to the next person. The other students will listen to the reader and fill in information about the story in their charts. They will share this information with each other as they read the story together. In their share groups, they will take turns round-robin style to share information about their story. Each share group will have 2 experts per story. Experts will be encouraged to take turns sharing the information with the rest of the share group. Grouping procedures Students will be assigned their expert groups. I will form heterogeneous groups, based on student ability and participation. Each expert group will have 5 students. Students will number themselves 1-5 within their expert groups (the number they choose will be their share group later on). Students will have 10 minutes to read their assigned story. During this time they must complete the section of the worksheet with the story elements for their particular story. After working in their expert groups for 10 minutes, students will choose a number (1-5) and move to the area assigned for their share group. They will have 15 minutes to share the information from their story with the other students in their group to record in their chart.

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La Leyenda: A comparison of popular legends across cultures

Cooperative Learning Lesson Plan

How to introduce the lesson, clarify goals and desired outcomes, and motivate the students

to take responsibility

This lesson plan outlines the steps that will be taken in order to carry out a jigsaw activity. The

lesson time is 55 minutes and will involve 30 students. I plan on beginning the lesson with a bell work

activity that will connect to previous lessons about types of oral tradition. Students will be asked to review

the elements of a story they already read, “La puerta del infierno.” They’ll consider the characters, conflict,

and resolution in order to determine the type of oral tradition it represents. This bell work will be done as

a think-pair-share. Next, I will present the objectives for the lesson and students will explain how the day’s

activities connect to what we covered in previous lessons. I’ll show them photos from 3 new stories they’ll

read that day and through think-pair-share, they will try to guess where the stories came from and what

they might be about.

How to establish positive social interaction among students within groups

Students will not be given separate roles within their expert groups. However, I will specify that

they need to take turns reading 1-2 paragraphs at a time. A student will read his or her portion and then

pass the paper to the next person. The other students will listen to the reader and fill in information about

the story in their charts. They will share this information with each other as they read the story together.

In their share groups, they will take turns round-robin style to share information about their story.

Each share group will have 2 experts per story. Experts will be encouraged to take turns sharing the

information with the rest of the share group.

Grouping procedures

Students will be assigned their expert groups. I will form heterogeneous groups, based on student

ability and participation. Each expert group will have 5 students. Students will number themselves 1-5

within their expert groups (the number they choose will be their share group later on). Students will have

10 minutes to read their assigned story. During this time they must complete the section of the worksheet

with the story elements for their particular story.

After working in their expert groups for 10 minutes, students will choose a number (1-5) and

move to the area assigned for their share group. They will have 15 minutes to share the information from

their story with the other students in their group to record in their chart.

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Seating arrangement

Volcan Mayon

#1 #2 #3 #4 #5

Popocatepetl e Iztaccihuatl

#1 #2 #3 #4 #5

Monte Fuji

#1 #2 #3 #4 #5

Monte Fuji

#1 #2 #3 #4 #5

Popocatepetl e Iztaccihuatl

#1 #2 #3 #4 #5

Volcan Mayon

#1 #2 #3 #4 #5

Home groups (5 each group)

Group #1

Group #2

Group #3

Group #4

Group #5

Share groups (6 each group)

How to assure individual and group accountability

Each student is to become an expert on the story they read. Therefore, each person is responsible

for recording the elements from the story their group has read. The group must find a way to work quickly

and efficiently to read the story and fill in the missing information in their charts. To encourage groups to

be focused and work quickly, they’ll be told to read 1-2 paragraphs then pass the paper to the next person

in their group. Between readers, they’ll discuss the story and fill in the story elements. Every 3 or 4 minutes,

they’ll be reminded of how much time remains. In order for them to be able to share the information from

their story in their share groups, each member must completely fill in their portion of the chart before

leaving their expert group.

How to promote group processing

The graphic organizer (story elements chart) is a way for expert groups to keep track of the most

important parts of the story. As each student shares their story in the share groups, the other members of

the share group will be expected to ask questions to fill in the missing parts of their organizer.

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Before students leave their share groups, they will have to work together to answer two reflection

questions based on the information they’ve compiled together in their completed chart. These questions

will ask them to process the elements of the story by comparing and contrasting the three stories. They’ll

also have to identify the type of oral tradition for each story and explain what elements of each story point

to that particular type.

How to assess understanding

After groups have shared their information and completed their charts, the class will briefly come

together to fill in any missing information. Students will be able to ask questions about the elements they’re

missing. I will also elicit information from each group about these specific elements of the story.

Groups will reconvene for 5 minutes to answer two reflection questions (similarities, differences,

types of oral tradition). Although share groups will discuss these questions together, each student must

write the group’s response on their paper.

In order to assess individual understanding and to achieve the terminal objective, individuals will

complete one final reflection question as a ticket-out. In 2-3 sentences, students will explain the

significance of each story in its respective culture.

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La leyenda: A comparison of popular legends across cultures

Terminal Objective: Students will be able to explain the significant role legends play in their specific

cultures

Curriculum Standards: 1FL-P1, 1FL-P3, 1FL-P4, 1FL-P5

Language objectives:

Reading:

Analyze a particular point of view or cultural experience reflected in legends from different

cultures.

Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its development over the course of the text.

Writing:

Provide a reflection of main themes and elements of a story with concrete examples.

Speaking:

Effectively summarize the events of a story and describe its characters

Listening:

Record notes of an oral summary of a story

Homework: none

Materials:

PowerPoint presentation “Un análisis

transcultural de leyendas”

note-taker graphic organizer

legends printed on colored paper

Prior knowledge:

Students have read the story “La Puerto del infierno,” which is considered a legend but contains elements

of a myth, a legend, and a fable. Students learned in previous lessons about how to identify the type of oral

tradition based on its characteristics. They have also learned in previous units about how to identify

elements of a story (plot, setting, characterization, conflict, climax, etc.).

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Task Analysis:

Time Sub-Objective Teaching Strategies Active Student Participation 10 Identify the type of oral

tradition of a story Analysis

Bell work: Review important events and themes in “La puerta del infierno” with students before assigning prompt: Based on the events, characters and themes in “La Puerto del infierno,” would you classify this story as a myth, legend, or fable? What elements of the story support your answer? Facilitate discussion of answers after giving students time to write and share their answers.

Bell work: Students write 60 words to answer the question posted on the board. After writing their response, they will share their answer with a partner and then with the class.

2 Establish set: Go over learning goals for the lesson and explain how students will reach those goals with the day’s activities

Clarify the connection to previous lessons: What culture produced “La puerta del infierno”? What lesson does this legend teach to children?

5 Recall examples of oral tradition Knowledge

Anticipatory set- Show photos of scenes from each legend to preview topic.

Think-pair share: What do the photos have in common? Which cultures or countries do you think the photos show? Do you know any myths, legends, or fables about mountains or volcanoes?

3 Instructions and movement/ transition

Students are assigned expert groups , and numbers 1-5 (share groups) Students will have 10 minutes to read their story in their expert group, then 15 minutes to debrief the members of their share group.

10 Identify elements of a story Comprehension

Expert groups- group reading Assign 6 heterogeneous groups (mixed-ability) of 5 students each Monitor group progress and clarify questions about the story and chart

Group reading Each expert group has a story on a colored sheet of paper (2 groups have white story [Monte Fuji], 2 have purple story [Volcan Mayon , 2 have yellow story[Popocatepetl a Iztaccihuatl]). The students in that group will become experts on their story and fill in the chart to

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identify elements in the story (setting, characters, conflict, resolution, influence of story in its culture). Students will share the task of reading aloud to their group, 1 paragraph at a time. Each student will record the information in their chart after group consultation

15 Compare and contrast 3 legends from different cultures Evaluation

Share groups Monitor transition to share groups. Facilitate discussion and sharing among share groups.

Group sharing Each share group will have 1 or 2 experts for each story. Experts will take turns (round robin style) sharing information about their story. Students fill in information about the elements of the stories they did not read. Group reflection question What are the similiarities and differences among the 3 stories? Are they legends, myths, or fables? Why do you think so?

10 Explain the significant role the legends play in their specific cultures Evaluation

Closure- Review answers from chart Clarify reflection questions

Ticket out- Individual reflection of groups’ findings: What is the significance of legends in their respective cultures?

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La Leyenda de Popocatépetl e Iztaccíhuatl

La vista que engalana a la ciudad más grande del mundo: la Ciudad de México,

está realzada por la majestuosidad de dos de los volcanes más altos del hemisferio, se

trata del Popocatépetl y del Iztaccíhuatl.

La presencia milenaria de estos enormes volcanes ha sido de gran importancia

en las diferentes sociedades que los han admirado y venerado, siendo fuente de

inspiración de múltiples leyendas sobre su origen y creación. Entre ellas las más

conocidas son dos que a continuación relataremos.

Hace ya miles de años, cuando el Imperio Azteca estaba en su esplendor y

dominaba el Valle de México, como práctica común sometían a los pueblos vecinos,

requiriéndoles un tributo obligatorio. Fue entonces cuando el cacique de los

Tlaxcaltecas, acérrimos enemigos de los Aztecas, cansado de esta terrible opresión,

decidió luchar por la libertad de su pueblo.

El cacique tenía una hija, llamada Iztaccíhuatl, era la princesa más bella y

depositó su amor en el joven Popocatépetl, uno de los más apuestos guerreros de su

pueblo.

Ambos se profesaban un inmenso amor, por lo que antes de partir a la guerra,

Popocatépetl pidió al cacique la mano de la princesa Iztaccíhuatl. El padre accedió

gustoso y prometió recibirlo con una gran celebración para darle la mano de su hija si

regresaba victorioso de la batalla.

El valiente guerrero aceptó, se preparó para partir y guardó en su corazón la

promesa de que la princesa lo esperaría para consumar su amor.

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Al poco tiempo, un rival de amores de Popocatépetl, celoso del amor de ambos

se profesaban, le dijo a la princesa Iztaccíhuatl que su amado había muerto durante el

combate.

Abatida por la tristeza y sin saber que todo era mentira, la princesa murió.

Tiempo después, Popocatépetl regresó victorioso a su pueblo, con la esperanza

de ver a su amada. A su llegada, recibió la terrible noticia sobre el fallecimiento de la

princesa Iztaccíhuatl.

Entristecido con la noticia, vagó por las calles durante varios días y noches,

hasta que decidió hacer algo para honrar su amor y que el recuerdo de la princesa

permaneciera en la memoria de los pueblos.

Mandó construir una gran tumba ante el Sol, amontonando 10 cerros para

formar una enorme montaña.

Tomó entre sus brazos el cuerpo de su princesa, lo llevó a la cima y lo recostó

inerte sobre la gran montaña. El joven guerrero le dio un beso póstumo, tomó una

antorcha humeante y se arrodilló frente a su amada, para velar así, su sueño eterno.

Desde aquel entonces permanecen juntos, uno frente a otro. Con el tiempo la

nieve cubrió sus cuerpos, convirtiéndose en dos enormes volcanes que seguirán así

hasta el final del mundo.

La leyenda añade, que cuando el guerrero Popocatépetl se acuerda de su

amada, su corazón que guarda el fuego de la pasión eterna, tiembla y su antorcha echa

humo. Por ello hasta hoy en día, el volcán Popocatépetl continúa arrojando fumarolas.

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La leyenda de Monte Fuji de Japón

Numerosas leyendas han surgido en torno al venerable y venerado monte.

Como muchas montañas de Japón y, también, de otros países orientales, ha sido

asociado al Elixir de la Vida. La celebridad del Fuji llegó a oídos, según la leyenda, de

un emperador de China.

Cuando le comentaron que la montaña se había creado en una sola noche llegó

a la conclusión de que el Monte Fuji albergaba el Elixir de la Vida, así que reunió a un

grupo de jóvenes muchachos y hermosas doncellas y zarpó con ellos hacia el país del

Sol Naciente. Los juncos avanzaban por el mar bravío como una lluvia de pétalos

dorados zarandeados por el viento salvaje, pero poco a poco la tormenta amainó y el

emperador y su séquito pudieron contemplar el blanco esplendor del Fuji, alzándose

imponente frente a ellos.

Tras tomar tierra, el emperador reunió a los suyos en formación y comenzaron el

ascenso a la cima en lenta procesión. Hora tras hora ascendía la procesión con el

manto dorado del emperador al frente hasta que dejaron atrás el sonido del mar y mil

pies pisaron la delicada nieve allí en lo alto, donde reinaba la paz y la vida eterna.

Cerca ya del final del viaje, el viejo emperador empezó a correr lleno de gozo

pues quería ser el primero en beber el Elixir de la Vida. Y cierto es que fue el primero

en saborear la Vida que nunca envejece. Cuando su séquito le dio alcance descubrió

que el emperador estaba tumbado boca arriba con una sonrisa de felicidad en el rostro.

Había encontrado la Vida Eterna, pero paradójicamente había sido a través de la

muerte.

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Volcán Mayon

La leyenda del volcán Mayon dice que hace mucho tiempo, no vivía una hermosa niña

llamada Darang Magayon, que tenía muchos hombres después de ella desde varias tribus, una

de ellas era Pagtuga, el jefe de la tribu de Iriga, que también era un gran cazador. Pero Darang

Magayon no estaba interesada en él.

Un día, Darang Magayon se bañaba en el río de guiñada, y ella cayó sobre las rocas.

Ella no sabía nadar, pero luego Panganoron, de los tagalos, la salvó cuando estaba caminando

por el río.

Después de salvar su vida, Panganoron comenzó a cortejarla, y después de algunos

días, ella finalmente aceptó su propuesta, por lo que decidió pedir Panganoron, padre Darang

Magayon, el Rajah Makusong su mano en matrimonio. El padre lo aceptó.

La leyenda dice que cuando Pagtuga oído hablar de la noticia se puso muy enojado, y a

Makusong Rajah secuestraron y lo llevaron a las montañas, a continuación, les dijo a todos que

iba a dejarlo en libertad si Darang Magamon casaría con él. Temeroso de que Pagtuga haría

daño a su padre, aceptó ser su esposa.

Cuando Pagtuga sabía de la situación, pidió a sus guerreros que lo siguiera hasta la

montaña para luchar contra Panganoron. La batalla fue feroz. Panganoron fue asesinado por

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una flecha lanzada por uno de los guerreros de Pagtuga. Tristemente otra flecha atravesó

Magayon Darang cuando fue corriendo a los brazos de su amor, matándola.

Después de la batalla había terminado, Makusong Rajah cavó una tumba y pusieron los

cuerpos de los dos amantes en el mismo. Mientras que los días pasaban, las personas que

fueron a la tumba para rendir homenaje, vio que la tumba estaba creciendo, convirtiéndose en

una forma de la tierra y comenzaron a llamarlo Mayon.

Aunque algunos dicen que las erupciones en el volcán Mayon, son la canta del amor

entre los amantes. Otro dice que el espíritu de Darang Magayon vida en el volcán, y el espíritu

de la vida de Panganoron en las nubes, y todo el año de largo dispersar la lluvia para mantener

las flores frescas y plantas, por lo que se mantiene hermosa.

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Nombre:________________________________________ Periodo:_______ Fecha:_______________

Popocatépetl e Iztaccihuatl

Monte Fuji Volcán Mayon

Ambiente/ cultura

Personajes

Conflicto

Resolución

El legado o la influencia hoy en día

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Nombre:_______________________________________ Periodo:_____ Fecha:____________________

Comparacion y contraste

Con la información del diagrama, compara y contraste los cuentos

• ¿Qué te parece diferente y semejante entre los cuentos?

• ¿Cómo clasificarías cada historia? ¿Son leyendas, mitos, o fabulas? ¿Cómo sabes?

• ¿Qué es la importancia de estas historias en las culturas de las cuales vinieron?