KINDS OF PLANTS

NONVASCULAR PLANTS

• Mosses are often found next to streams, coastlines and other moist places. • They will can be found in odd places as well, such

as city sidewalks. • Anywhere moisture collects you will find mosses,

because mosses are examples of Nonvascular plants.

KEY FEATURES

• Nonvascular plants include lack of roots stems and leaves. They also have the following features that have allowed them to live on land• Small Size: water and nutrients transported by osmosis• Larger gametophytes: Hair like rhizoids anchor the

gametophytes to the surfaces on which they grow• Require water for sexual reproduction: Must be covered

by water for fertilization to occur

KINDS OF NONVASCULAR PLANTS

• Mosses: Phylum Bryophyta• Liverworts: Phylum Hepatophyta• Hornworts: Phylum Anthocerophyta

SEEDLESS VASCULAR PLANTS

• These are a diverse set of vascular plants that do NOT produce seeds. Key features include:• Vascular system: contain both xylem and phloem.• Larger sporophyte: instead of seeds they have spores

that get carried with the wind. Need water for reproduction

• Drought resistant spores: Thickened walls of the spores are resistant to drying out. Plants can live in drier habitats.

KINDS OF SEEDLESS VASCULAR PLANTS

• Ferns: Phylum Pterophyta• Club Mosses: Phylum Lycophyta• Horsetails: Phylum Sphenophyta• Whisk Ferns: Phylum Psioltophyta

GYMNOSPERMS

• Seed plants whose seeds do not develop within a sealed container (fruit) features include:• Seeds: Seeds protect plant embryo, provide nutrient and

permit them to survive• Reduced gametophytes: Produce male and female

gametophytes.• Wind Pollination: Sperm of gymnosperms do not swim

through water to reach and fertilize eggs. Sperm are carried to the structures by pollen which can drift on the wind.

KINDS OF GYMNOSPERMS

• Conifers: Phylum: Coniferophyta• Cycads: Phylum Cycadophyta• Ginkgo: Phylum Ginkgophyta• Gnetophytes: Phylum Gnetophyta

ANGIOSPERMS

• Most recent groups of plants to evolve, flowering plant with seeds that are enclosed within a fruit. Features include:• Flowers: Male and female gametophytes develop within

the flowers.• Fruits: Provide some protection, main function is to

promote seed dispersal by animals.• Endosperm: seeds have supply of food stored as

endosperm. Will be absorbed before seeds mature

KINDS OF ANGIOSPERMS

• Monocots: flowering plants that produce seeds with one seed leaf (cotyledon)• Dicots: Flowering plants that produce seeds with

two seed leafs