Eukaryotic CellsEukaryotic Cells

Their Functions and RolesTheir Functions and Roles

What is a Eukaryotic Cell?What is a Eukaryotic Cell?

Eukaryotic cells are Eukaryotic cells are found in many found in many places.places.

Can you name Can you name some examples of some examples of Eukaryotic cells?Eukaryotic cells?

Parts of a Eukaryotic CellParts of a Eukaryotic Cell

CELL WALL-CELL WALL- A rigid A rigid structure that gives structure that gives the support to a the support to a cell. It is the cell. It is the outermost part of a outermost part of a cell.cell.

Plants have a cell Plants have a cell wall made out of wall made out of cellulose to help cellulose to help plants stand plants stand upright.upright.

Parts of a Eukaryotic CellParts of a Eukaryotic Cell CELL MEMBRANE-CELL MEMBRANE-

A protective barrier A protective barrier that encloses a cell.that encloses a cell.

It separates the cell It separates the cell contents from the contents from the outside.outside.

ALL CELLS HAVE A ALL CELLS HAVE A MEMBRANE!MEMBRANE!

It’s made up of It’s made up of lipids and proteins.lipids and proteins.

Parts of a Eukaryotic CellParts of a Eukaryotic Cell

CYTOPLASM-CYTOPLASM- A A liquid web of liquid web of proteins.proteins.

It helps keep cell It helps keep cell membranes from membranes from collapsing.collapsing.

It also helps cells It also helps cells move.move.

Suspends Suspends organellesorganelles

Parts of a Eukaryotic CellParts of a Eukaryotic Cell

NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS- A large A large organelle that organelle that contains the cell’s contains the cell’s DNA (genetic DNA (genetic material).material).

The nucleolus is a The nucleolus is a dark area inside dark area inside the cell and makes the cell and makes ribosomes.ribosomes.

Parts of a Eukaryotic CellParts of a Eukaryotic Cell Ribosomes-Ribosomes- The The

smallest of all smallest of all organelles. Some organelles. Some are free floating and are free floating and others are attached others are attached to membranes.to membranes.

They make proteinsThey make proteins Proteins are made up Proteins are made up

of amino acidsof amino acids ALL cells have ALL cells have

ribosomesribosomes

Parts of a Eukaryotic CellParts of a Eukaryotic Cell

ENDOPLASMIC ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM-RETICULUM- (ER) (ER) A system of folded A system of folded membranes in membranes in which proteins, which proteins, lipids, and other lipids, and other materials are materials are made.made.

There is Rough ER There is Rough ER and Smooth ERand Smooth ER

Parts of a Eukaryotic CellParts of a Eukaryotic Cell Rough ER is found Rough ER is found

near the nucleusnear the nucleus Ribosomes are Ribosomes are

found on the Rough found on the Rough ER and make ER and make proteins that are proteins that are taken all over the taken all over the cell.cell.

The Smooth ER lacks The Smooth ER lacks ribosomes. It makes ribosomes. It makes lipids and breaks lipids and breaks down toxins.down toxins.

Parts of a Eukaryotic CellParts of a Eukaryotic Cell

MITOCHONDRIA-MITOCHONDRIA-The main power The main power source in the cell.source in the cell.

It breaks down sugar It breaks down sugar to produce energy.to produce energy.

It stores energy as It stores energy as ATP.ATP.

Most Eukaryotic Most Eukaryotic cells have cells have mitochondriamitochondria

Parts of a Eukaryotic CellParts of a Eukaryotic Cell CHLOROPLAST-CHLOROPLAST-

Organelle found in Organelle found in plant and algae cells plant and algae cells in which in which photosynthesis takes photosynthesis takes place to make food.place to make food.

Photosynthesis is the Photosynthesis is the process by which process by which plants use sunlight, plants use sunlight, Carbon Dioxide, and Carbon Dioxide, and water to make food.water to make food.

Parts of a Eukaryotic CellParts of a Eukaryotic Cell GOLGI APPARATUSGOLGI APPARATUS--

The organelle that The organelle that packages and packages and distributes proteinsdistributes proteins

It looks like the It looks like the Smooth ERSmooth ER

This membrane This membrane pinches off to form pinches off to form small bubbles that small bubbles that transport contents to transport contents to other places in the cellother places in the cell

Parts of a Eukaryotic CellParts of a Eukaryotic Cell

VESICLE-VESICLE- A small A small sac that surrounds sac that surrounds material to be material to be moved into or out moved into or out of a cell.of a cell.

ALL Eukaryotic ALL Eukaryotic Cells have VesiclesCells have Vesicles

Parts of a Eukaryotic CellParts of a Eukaryotic Cell

LYSOSOMES-LYSOSOMES- Organelles that Organelles that contain digestive contain digestive enzymesenzymes

They destroy worn-They destroy worn-out or damaged out or damaged organelles, get rid organelles, get rid of waste, and of waste, and protect the cell from protect the cell from foreign invaders.foreign invaders.

Parts of a Eukaryotic CellParts of a Eukaryotic Cell

Vacuoles-Vacuoles- A Large A Large Vesicle that stores Vesicle that stores digestive enzymes digestive enzymes and aid in digestion and aid in digestion within the cell.within the cell.

Some vacuoles Some vacuoles store plant cells store plant cells water and other water and other liquidsliquids

ONLY FOUND IN ONLY FOUND IN PLANTS!PLANTS!

Now it’s your Turn!Now it’s your Turn!

Prokaryotic CellProkaryotic Cell