International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship:

An Overview

Ken KnappNOAA/NCDC

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Source of Best Tracks

Paper

Target

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(Chan and Shi, 1996) WP X

(Henderson-Sellers et al., 1998) Global X X

(Lander and Guard, 1998) Global X X

(Emanuel, 2000) NA/WP X X

(Emanuel, 2005) Global X X

(Webster et al., 2005) Global X X X

(Chan, 2006) WP X

(Wu et al., 2006) WP X X X

(Klotzbach, 2006) Global X X X

(Hui et al., 2007) WP X X X

(Knaff and Zehr, 2007) Global X X

(Kossin et al., 2007) Global X X

(Kuleshov et al., 2008) SH X X X

(Lau et al., 2008) NA/WP X X

(Lowry et al., 2008) WP X X X X

(Wang et al., 2008) WP X X

IBTrACS Global X X X X X X X X X X X X

Why IBTrACS?

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Data providers:◦ RSMCs: CPHC, IMD, JMA, La Reunion, Nadi, NHC◦ TCWCs: BoM, Wellington◦ Other: HKO, JTWC, CMA/STI

At NCDC:◦ A handful of participants

Around the world:◦ Users providing feedback

IBTrACS: Who we are

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International◦ Many nations and agencies working together

Best Track◦ Information on tropical cyclones◦ Enormous impact on life and property worldwide

Archive◦ One-stop-shop

Climate◦ Global distribution◦ Cyclone intensity◦ Temporal variability

Stewardship◦ Maintaining data for future generations

What is IBTrACS?

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What IBTrACS is not …◦ A reanalysis◦ Every storm◦ An “official” dataset

What IBTrACS is…◦ Collection◦ Combination◦ Collaboration◦ Centralization

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Where we are…Oct. 2007 - Inception

May 2009 – IBTrACS Workshop (Asheville)

Aug. 2009 – Asia Oceania Geosciences Society (Singapore)

Nov. 2009 – Typhoon Committee, RSMC Meeting (Brisbane)

May 2009 – version 2 release

Jul. 2008 – Beta release

Autumn 2009 – Dataset update

Apr. 2008 – AMS Tropical Conf. (Orlando)

Dec. 2008 – version 1 release Dec. 2008 – AGU Conf. (San Francisco)

Jan. 2009 – Annual AMS Meeting (Phoenix)

Mar. 2009 – Inter-departmental Hurricane Conf (FL) 1st Indian Ocean Tropical Conf. (Oman)

Jul. 2008 – AGU Western Pacific Geo. (Cairns)

Feb. 2009 – Int. Conf. SH Meteorology (Melbourne) ESRI Users Conf. (Washington DC)

Jun. 2008 – Permission to distribute data received from providers

Dec. 2007 – Original request for data from RSMCs and other agencies

Semiannual Updates International meetings, workshops & conferences

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Collect data Unify format Quality checks of data Identify unique storms Normalize wind speeds Combine data

◦ Position◦ Wind◦ Pressure◦ Nature

IBTrACS process

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Best Track formats

BoM1,614,1906,1,,S,,190701172300,,,,130,1465,,994,,,WW,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,20,11,1907,1,17,23,0,01/17/1907 23:00:00,,,,3690.00000000524,62442,614,1906,1,,S,,190701182300,,,,150,1450,,993,,,WL,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,27,13,1907,1,18,23,0,01/18/1907 23:00:00,1440,,,2520,211183,614,1906,1,,S,,190701192300,,,,140,1430,,993,,,LL,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,30,4,1907,1,19,23,0,01/19/1907 23:00:00,1440,,,2160,2282

CMA/STI66666 0000 32 0025 0822 0 6 Dolphin 200904182008121100 1 125 1471 1002 152008121106 1 126 1450 1002 152008121112 1 128 1433 1002 15

CPHC2003 TROPICAL DEPRESSION 01-C,,,,,,,,,08/15 / 1800,13.6,151,1009,30,,,,,16 / 0000,13.9,152.9,1009,30,",,,,16 / 0600,14.2,154.4,1009,30,",,,,

HKOTCNAME YYYYMMDDHH(UTC) INTENSITY …RITA 1961011406 TD 79 1355 1003 25RITA 1961011412 TD 82 1343 1002 25RITA 1961011418 TD 88 1334 1001 25

JTWC – ATCF formatWP, 12, 2008081218, , BEST, 0, 224N, 1343E, 15, 1010, DB, 0, , 0, 0, 0, 0, WP, 12, 2008081300, , BEST, 0, 226N, 1335E, 15, 1010, DB, 0, , 0, 0, 0, 0, WP, 12, 2008081306, , BEST, 0, 231N, 1328E, 15, 1006, DB, 0, , 0, 0, 0, 0, 1009, 150, 25, 0, 0, W, 0, , 0, 0, INVEST, S, WP, 12, 2008081312, , BEST, 0, 237N, 1325E, 15, 1006, DB, 0, , 0, 0, 0, 0, 1009, 150, 25, 0, 0, W, 0, , 0, 0, INVEST, S,

NadiNAME YYYY MM DD HHHH LAT LONG PRES W(KT) Catergory=========================++++++++++++=======================DAMAN 2007 12 03 0000 12.0 -174.5 1004 15 Tropical Depression (TD) PhaseDAMAN 2007 12 03 0600 12.1 -175.0 1004 15DAMAN 2007 12 03 1200 12.3 -175.5 1004 15

Neumann, HURDAT00005T07/15/1960 M= 7 1 SNBR= 1 HSK0161 BSH0161 JTWC&NCDC00010 07/15 * 60 970T 25E * 66 964T 25E00015 07/16* 72 958T 20E * 78 951T 20E * 85 945T 25E * 93 939T 25E00020 07/17*102 934T 25E *113 929T 25E *125 925T 25E *149 925T 25E00025 07/18*173 930T 30E *192 936T 30E *210 945T 30E *234 961T 30E

IMD04/05/1990,0000, 8.5,87.0,1.0,1006, 16, 2,,1006,7,04/05/1990,0600, 8.5,87.0,1.5,1002, 25, 4,,1006,10,04/05/1990,1200, 9.5,87.0,1.5,1000, 25, 4,,1004,5,

Reunion – Old Formatxxxx84800118480301062114 2 755 999999911099999904xxxx84800118480302062117 2 740 999999911099999904xxxx84800118480303062144 2 646 999999911099999904

Reunion – New WMO Format11SWI2006152006200720070409122217102036918210100151100209910109299959999999999999999999499999999999999999994010411SWI2006152006200720070409182219122038011210100151100209910099299959999999999999999999499999999999999999994010411SWI20061520062007200704100022240820390121151502011003099100892999599999999999999999994999999999999999999940204

NCDC TD-9636149991989101016121320109453019210 0202519 0081471 0 150001989101016181338109383019318 015 999 1 01150011989111128121171108401517219 025 999 0 0

JMA66666 0822 031 0030 0822 0 6 DOLPHIN 2009011608121106 002 2 125 1452 1000 000 08121112 002 2 128 1436 1002 000 08121118 002 2 130 1423 1000 000

WellingtonName,Year,Month,Day,Time,Lat,Lon,PPP,Max,ProgGISELE,1968,4,3,0000,8,156.4,1002,25,H+000GISELE,1968,4,3,1200,7.4,157.6,1002,25,H+000GISELE,1968,4,4,0000,7,159,1002,25,H+000

DiamondHD-1986-04,1986-03-05T00:00:00.0, -18.7455, 173.0290, 1 HD-1986-04,1986-03-05T00:00:00.0, -19.0438, 173.3770, 2HD-1986-04,1986-03-05T00:00:00.0, -19.3420, 173.7240, 3

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Sample plot of IBTrACS

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More than 200 new storms > 30 knots 25 new storms > 56 knots

IBTrACS: 1947-2007

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JMA compared with JTWC winds◦ Change in ratio suggests someone changed procedures

Documenting operating procedures

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Procedures

Another level of data QC◦ Are winds and pressures inter-consistent

To fill in missing data?◦ Wind = f(Pressure) … or … Pressure = f(Wind)◦ If not us, others will do this

Already performed by 20th Century reanalysis

Wind pressure relationships

Satellite image Dvorak Category Wind Pressure

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What is (or was) being used? ◦ 1-min, 2-min, 3-min, 10-min

10-min HKO / 1-min JTWC 2-min CMA / 1-min JTWC

Wind speed conversions

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A Need for Reanalysis Maximum intensity? Accumulated uncertainty!

Western North Pacific

Year Name

1951 Marge

1952 Bess

1954 June

1959 Tilda

1969 Ida

Max MSW (kt)

175 - 88 = 87

146 - 88 = 58

165 - 114 = 51

165 - 110 = 55

156 - 100 = 56

ΔACE(104 kt2) ΔPDI (106kt3)

40 66

20 30

25 40

23 40

21 34

Annual PDI ~ 150

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A Need for Reanalysis

Year Name Max MSW (kt) ΔACE(104 kt2)

ΔPDI (106kt3)

1971 Sally 88 - 40 = 48 8 5

1971 Sheila/Sophia

110 - 62 = 48 8 8

1985 Isobel 84 - 44 = 40 10 8

1987 Elsie 97 - 53 = 44 8 6

1992 Irna/Jane 126 - 75 = 51 19 22

Southern Indian Ocean

Year Name Max MSW (kt) ΔACE(104 kt2)

ΔPDI (106kt3)

1972 Carlotta 97 - 57 = 40 28 23

1972 Gail 92 - 55 = 37 12 10

1972 Wendy 106 – 70 = 36 19 16

1972 Emily 92 - 57 = 35 8 7

2004 Fay 106 – 79 = 27 19 19

South Pacific

Annual PDI ~ 70

Annual PDI ~ 39

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Topics of workshop sessions◦ Day 1 - Operating procedures◦ Day 1 - Wind/Pressure Relationships◦ Day 2 - Wind speed conversions◦ Day 3 - Reanalysis efforts

Summary of issues …