,I

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Gr2

IS :2328 - 1983(Superseding IS : 4177 -1967

and IS 5071 - 1969 )

,-

Indian Standard, , METHOD FOR FLATTENING TEST '

ON METALLIC TUBES'

( First'Revision)

Second Reprint AUGUST 1995

UDe 669-462:620.163.22

@Copyright '1983

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS,MANAK 'BHAVAN,9 Bi\.HADUR SHAH ZAFAR 1.1ARG

NEW DELHI 110002

November 1983

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IS :,2328 - 1983

Indian Standard'METHOD' FOR FLATIE~JNG TE~T

ON METALLIC TUBES

( First Revision )

O. FOREWORD

0.1 This Indian Standard (First Revision) was adopted by the Indian'Standards Institution on 23 June 1983, after the drattfinalized by theMethods of Physical Tests Sectional Committee had been approved bythe Structural ~nd Metals Division Council.

0.% This standard was first published in 1963. Subsequently, it wasdecided by the concerned sectional committee to revise this standard soas to have a single reference Indian Standard on method for flatteningtest on metallic tubes. This standard supersedes IS: 4177-1967* and .IS : 5071-1969t as the requi,rements of these standards have beencovered nowjn this st;mdard. '

0.3 In the preparation of this standard, the assistance has been derivedfrom the following standards published by the International Organiza-lion for Standardization.

ISQ jR 202-1961 Flattening test on steel tubes

ISOjR 955-:-1969Flattening test on aluminium and aluminium alloytubes

ISOjR 1556-] 97! Flattening test for copper and copper alloy tubes, of circuJarsectioD.

0.4 Certain specific requirements have to be laid down in materia]specifications where reference has been made to this standatd. For con-venience of reference, these "requirements have been summarized andincluded in Appendix A. .

.Method for flattening test of aluminium and aluminium alloy tubes.tMethod for fl,attening test for copper and copper alloy tubes of circular section.

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JEST PIECE.

DISTANCE BETWEEN PLATENS,MEASURED UNDER LOAD

----:--'---......--;

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IS : 2328 - "(983 . \

CLOSE FLATTENEl])....)

FIG. 1 f,:LAlTENINO TEST,'

4. TEST PIECE, 4.1th~;:lestpiece consist~ of a.:Jength or'tube with the ends perpendicu-lar to the aids. The length $ballbe 1~5 times the nominal internaldiaIl1et~l\of the::tube, hut hot less than 10 mm nor more than 100 mm.4'!i~lThe test may be maOe'oD the encLof the tube without the test

piece ~eing removed. In this case, unless required otherwise' in thematerial specification the length (L) su.:bmitted to the test sball be asspecified in 4~1.

5

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IS : 2~28 - 1983

0.5 In reporting the result of atest' ma'de in' accordance with this f-tand.ard, if the final value, observed or calculated, is to be rounded eff, itshall be dorie in accordance with IS : 2-1960*. ' '.,

1. SCOPE

1.1 This standard prescribes the method of conducting flattening tC::itonmetalJic tubes" Circular in cross section, having an external' diameternot greater than 400 mm and, a thickness not greater than 15 perc~nt ofexternal diameter for ferrous lubes, and having external diameter, notgreater than 100 mm and, thickness not greater than 10 percent of theexternal diameter for non ferrous tubes. Hmvevcr, individual specifi-cations -for material may specify the maximurtl diameter and thicknessof tube to' which this test is to be applied in particular circumstancc5.

2. PRINCIPLE OF TEST

2.1 The test consists of flattening the end of ,',a tube or test piece cu tfrom a tube in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of thetube.

2.2 When the testis carried out so that, after the test, the internal sur.,.faces are in contact, over at least ha If of the internal length of the f1a-t~ened test piece, the t~st is called 'close flattened'.' , '. , .

2.3 In other cases the testis carried out until the distance between pla-tens, measured un'der load in the direction of flattening, reaches a value'fixed by the relevant material specification.

3. REFERENCE NUMBERS AND SYMBOLS3.1 The following reference number aild symbols have been used in thisstandard:

Ref No.(see Fig. 1)I234

Symbof

Dadz

L

Description

External diameter of test pieceThickness of wall of test pieceInternal diameter of test pieceDistance bet\.veen platens meas-urcdunder load

Length of test piece

*Rules for rounding off Ilumerical values (' revised ).

4

IS : 1328. 1983 '\

4.2 The cut ends of the test piece may be suitably, rounded. However,a test on a test piece, the' cut ends of which have not been so roundedis permissible provided that the requirements of the material specifica-tions are satisfied.

S. TEST PROCEDURE5.1 The test piece shall be placed between two plane, parallel, rigidplatens, extending over the length L and wide enough '(at least 1'6 D) tocover the flattened tu be. A gradually increasing load shall then beapplied until the specified limit of the test is reached or failure occurs.

S.2In the case of welded tube, care shall be taken to ensure that theweld is in the position required by the material specification.S.3 In cases of dispute or for purpose of arbitration, the rate of move-ment of the platem 3halJ not exceed 25 mmfmjn.

6. TEST REQUIREMENTS6.1 The temperature of the test piece shall be equal to the arnbientemperature (but in no case less than IOOe) ,unless specified otherwise.,.,

6.2 The interpretation of the visual appearance of the test piece aftertesting shall be specified in relevant material specification.

APPENDIX A(Clause 0.4)

REQUIREMENTS TO BE INCLUDED IN MATERIALSPECIFICATION FOR METALLIC TUBES

A-I. In material specifications for metallic tubes, where reference hasbeen made to this Indian Standard, the following requirements shall belaid down for flattening test:

a) Maximum diameter and thickness of tube (see 1.1);b) Distance between platens measured under load in the d,irectionof flattening (see 2.3);

c) Position of weld, in relation to the plane of bending, in case of .welded tubes (see 5.2);

d) Temperature of test piece, if it is to be different from ambienttemperature (see 6.1); and

e) Interpretation of visual appearance of te3t piece after testing(see 6.2).