Introduction to Arthropod & Insect Diversity. Scientific Classification Kingdom General specific...

Introduction to Arthropod & Insect Diversity

Scientific Classification

KingdomGeneral

specific

Class

Division/Phylum

species

Order

Family

Genus

Scientific Classification in the Department of Education School System

General

specific

Science Level Characteristic For Classification DOE Level

Kingdom All schools found on an island The island of Oahu

Division/Phylum Complex Kaimuki Complex


General

specific




Class High schools in complex Kaimuki High

Order Inter. schools in complex Washington Middle and Jarrett Middle

Family Elem. schools in complex Ala Wai, Aliiolani, Hokulani,Jefferson, Kuhio, Lunalilo, and Palolo


General

specific



species A student in A-15 at Hokulani Student XYZ

Class High schools in complex Kaimuki High

Order Inter. schools in complex Washington Middle and Jarrett Middle

Family Elem. schools in complex Ala Wai, Aliiolani, Hokulani,Jefferson, Kuhio, Lunalilo, and Palolo


Genus A classroom in an elem. school B-121 at Hokulani


General

specific

Kingdom

species

Phylum/Division

Class Order Family

Genus

Characteristics to classify organisms: CELL TYPE

Prokaryotic cell typeDNA is free floating

Eukaryotic cell typeDNA is surrounded by

a membrane

Characteristics to classify organisms: NUMBER OF CELLS

unicellular

multicellular

OR

Characteristics to classify organisms: MODE OF NUTRITION (how organisms eat)

Photosynthesis: utilizing energy from the sun to produce food

Absorbing: to suck up or take up (like a sponge)

Engulfing: to flow over and enclose

ANIMALIA Eukaryotic Multicellular Engulfing heterotrophs

PLANTAE Eukaryotic Multicellular Photosynthetic autotrophs

FUNGI Eukaryotic Multicellular Absorptive heterotrophs

PROTISTA Eukaryotic Unicellular or Multicellular Heterotrophs Photosynthetic autotrophs

ARCHAEBACTERIA Prokaryotic Unicellular Found in very harsh conditions

(i.e. bottom of the ocean or volcanic vents)

Oldest living organisms

EUBACTERIA Prokaryotic Unicellular Found in neutral conditions (i.e.

human body and food) Lactobacillus bulgaricus (or L.

acidophilus) and Streptococcus thermophilus helps produces yogurt from milk

KINGDOM CHART

http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/archaea/KOSmethanococcus.jpg

The Importance of Insects

Some insects are harmful:

Some insects are beneficial:

Pollinate flowers Important Products ResearchBalance Nature

Destroy food crops Stings & Bites Causes Sickness Money Loss

Insect Diversity

• Insects have a long evolutionary history on earth

• Insects live in every type of habitat (except the deep ocean)

• Insects are the only invertebrates (animals without backbones) that can fly!

• There are millions of insect species• Insects make up 85% of the entire

animal kingdom!

Metamorphosis: A change in physical formThe insect’s exoskeleton does not grow with them and must be shed

and re-grown each time they get larger.

Monarch Caterpillar Monarch Butterfly

COMPLETE CHANGE

small change

Worker Termite

Termite Nymph

An insect has four characteristics:

1. Three body segments:Head , Thorax and Abdomen

Dragonfly

HEAD: The eyes, antennae, and mouthparts are on the head.

THORAX: The 3 pairs of legs and wings are attached to this body segment.

ABDOMEN: This body segment holds all reproductive organs.

3. Three pairs of legs (6 legs in total)

2. One pair of antennae

4. Usually 1 or 2 pairs of wings

Where do insects fit in the scientific classification picture?

Kingdom Animalia

Phylum Arthropoda

jointed footsegmented bodyexoskeleton (external skeleton)

Class Insecta

6 legs3 body parts (head, thorax, abdomen)1 pair of antennaeWings (usually)

Order

General

specific

Blow fly

Order DipteraFlies and Mosquitoes

Fruit Fly

Mosquito

Order LepidopteraButterflies and Moths

Kamehameha Butterfly

Blackburn’s Butterfly Luna Moth

Monarch Caterpillar Monarch Butterfly

Order OdonataDragonflies and Damselflies

Native Hawaiian Damselflies

Dragonflies from the Alakai Swamp Trail, Kauai

Order ColeopteraBeetles

Rainbow Scarab Beetle© 1997-2002 Charles LeWallen

Dung Beetle© 1997-2002 Charles LeWallen

Lady Bugs

Order IsopteraTermites

Australian Termite Mound

Queen

Wood Damage

Workers&

Soldiers

Order Hemiptera or Order HeteropteraTrue Bugs

Spiny Assassin Bug


Stink Bug

Leaf-footed Bug



Order HomopteraCicadas, Hoppers, Psyllids,

Whiteflies, Aphids, and Scale Insects

Buffalo Treehopper© 1997-2002 Charles LeWallen

Periodical Cicada© 1997-2002 Charles LeWallen

Green Aphid


Order MantodeaPraying Mantids

Green Mantid


Order OrthopteraGrasshoppers, Crickets and Katydids

Narrow Winged Katydid


Bird Grasshopper

Cricket

Order BlattariaCockroaches

Cinereous Cockroach Madiera Cockroach

Below there are some pictures of some insects. Can you pick out the characteristics

they all have in common?

Appearing below will be pictures of different arthropods. Some are insects and some are not. Armed with your

new definition, can you pick out the non-insects?

Resources

Pictures provided by– Charles LeWallen– www.biosurvey.ou.edu/okwild/misc/toc.html

– Bishop Museumwww.bishopmuseum.org/research/natsci/ento/ento.html

– Neil Reimer (Hawaii State Department of Agriculture)

Other informative websiteswww.buginfo.com/bugs2.cfmhttp://ucdavis.edu/bohart.asp?s=kidscorner&f=orderswww.eagle.ca/~matink/www.ivyhall.district96.k12.il.us/4th/insects/bugmenu.htmlhttp://www.hear.org/starr/hiinsects/images/index.html

Introduction to Arthropod & Insect Diversity. Scientific Classification Kingdom General specific...

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