Introduction to Airborne Wind Energy
Transcript of Introduction to Airborne Wind Energy
Introduction to
Airborne Wind EnergyEnergía Eólica Aerotransportada
Webinar Spain, 14 April 2021
Kristian Petrick, Airborne Wind Europe
Gonzalo Sánchez-Arriaga, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
www.airbornewindeurope.org 2
Content
§ Airborne Wind Energy – principle and concepts
§ Advantages
§ Markets
§ Current State of the AWE Industry
§ Opportunities for AWE in Spain
Introduction to Airborne Wind Energy
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Concepts: Soft, semi-rigid and rigid wings; ground-gen vs. fly-gen
Airborne Wind Energy (AWE)
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Two main generation principles for cross-wind AWE systems
Airborne Wind Energy (AWE)
Winch
Generator
Tether
Kite
Ground-gen (or yo-yo principle)With reel-out and retraction phase
Fly-genOn-board generation and
power evacuation through the tether
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The general idea: Emulating the movement of a blade tip but at higher altitudes
AWE principle
Source: Erc Highwind https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1UmN3MiR65E Makani Video: Skysails SkySails Power: Operation of Airborne Wind Energy System - YouTube
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Content
§ Airborne Wind Energy – principle and concepts
§ Advantages
§ Markets
§ Current State of the AWE Industry
§ pportunities for AWE in Spain
Introduction to Airborne Wind Energy
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Lower material costs – a large share of a conventional turbine‘s cost structure is for
tower, blades and foundation
Tower 16%
Rotor Hub 3%
Blades 15%
Foundation 16%Gearbox 7%
Generator 3%
Electrics 6%
0%
Other Turbine
Components 14%
Planning &
Misc. 9%
Grid Connection 11%
Source: IRENA
AWE advantages
Percentage
of CAPEX
AWE systems requi
about 90% less materi
than conventional win
turbines.
“AWE is substituting
hardware with software”.
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Less material (lower carbon footprint), more compact, lower visual impact
AWE advantages
Size comparison of different 100 kW systems
Source: TwingTec
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More available wind resources (example: Europe)
AWE Advantages
100 m 500 m
Source: Bechtle et. al., wind data: ERA5 Light green means excellent conditions
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More full load hours, more constant electricity production, less intermittency, better
system integration
AWE Advantages
Graph: Enerkite
Kite
Higher capacity factor (60%-80% or beyond) compared to conventional wind
(30-60%) and solar (15-25%)
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Airborne Wind Energy is a promising technology with a large potential
§ Less material: small carbon footprint, low visual impact, less use of resources
§ Additional wind resources: increasing global renewable energy potential
§ High capacity factor: more constant electricity production for system integration
§ Low LCOE: potential for lower cost of energy produced
§ Flexibility: easier logistics, quick set-up
§ Scalability: from few kW to several MW
§ New markets: Repowering, floating offshore, off-grid
Advantages
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Content
§ Airborne Wind Energy – principle and concepts
§ Advantages
§ Markets
§ Current State of the AWE Industry
§ Opportunities for AWE in Spain
Introduction to Airborne Wind Energy
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On- and offshore AWE applications; distributed installations and large-scale farms
Markets for AWE
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“Spill-over effect” to applications in maritime transport sector
Markets for AWE
Source: Skysails
AWE knowledge can help
decarbonising maritime
shipping
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Repowering of existing off-shore sites
Markets for AWE
Source: Ampyx Pow
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Deep offshore – only small platform required
Markets for AWE
Source: Makani
Avoiding fixed bottom structures reduces
environmental impact on seabed flora and
maritime fauna (e.g. whales).
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Remote, island and niche markets
Markets for AWE
Source: Skysails
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Content
§ Airborne Wind Energy – principle and concepts
§ Advantages
§ Markets
§ Current State of the AWE Industry
§ Opportunities for AWE in Spain
Introduction to Airborne Wind Energy
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AWE is a global technology
Current State of the AWE Industry
Source: TU Del
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Airborne Wind Europe – members and collaboration
AWE sector
Planned
collaboration:
Member of:
Airborne Wind Europe
Task Proposal to be decided in 4/2021
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Most AWE companies face “Valley of Death”: Still high risk and high funding needs
(especially public funding)
Current State of the AWE Industry
Valley of Death
Science or industry
led
Basic R&D
Research Centers
Applied R&D,
Prototype
Part-scale Full-
scale
Demonstration
Dominant design
Commercial
viability
Fully-commercial
Deployment
Perceived / real risk
Maturity
public
private
Funding needs
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Current State of the AWE Industry
Current State of the AWE Industry
Source: E.ON AWEC 2017
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Public and private stakeholders involved in airborne wind energy (selection)
AWE sector
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Total funding in AWE until Nov 2020
§ EU funding (FP7 & H2020): 19.69 mEUR
§ EU national/regional financing: 28.50 mEUR
§ US funding (SBIR, NFS, ARPAE, …) 12.49 mUSD
§ These amounts do not include:
§ the required co-financing which often is up to 30%, sometimes even 50%
§ institutional funding (e.g. internally funded PhD positions or project teams at companies like RWE, EON, Saipem,
Engie, ...)
§ private funding, which is likely to be larger than above numbers considering the number of companies in the field
and employees under payroll.
§ Spanish organisations have not applied for EU funding for AWE R&D yet.
AWE Sector
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Content
§ Airborne Wind Energy – principle and concepts
§ Advantages
§ Markets
§ Current State of the AWE Industry
§ Opportunities for AWE in Spain
Introduction to Airborne Wind Energy
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AWE aumenta significativamente el potencial de recursos eólicos en España, tanto
onshore como offshore
AWE en España
https://globalwindatlas.info/
100 m altitud 200 m altitud
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Ya hoy en día AWE es competitivo en islas – potencial para Canarias y Baleares
ps://energialaspalmasgc.es/informacion-energetica-canarias/
AWE en España
https://www.skysails-group.com/index.html?artikel=Kite-Power-For-Mauritius
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Es necesaria una tarifa especial para AWE en España
§ Hasta ahora, la legislación y las normativas españolas no contemplan AWE.
§ No es realista que AWE pueda ampliarse en mercados energéticos altamente competitivos y regulados sin
apoyo financiero público.
§ La tecnología AWE está resultando interesante para los productores de energía y los promotores de
proyectos.
§ Se puede adquirir experiencia en España en lugar de en nichos de mercado lejanos con una logística y una
financiación difíciles.
AWE en España
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Con apoyo político, la tecnología AWE puede desplegar su gran potencial
Conclusión
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Thank you for your attention!
Contact
Kristian PetrickPolicy and Regulation
+34 637 710 451
kristian. [email protected]
Udo ZillmannSecretary General
+49 173 7141203
Airborne Wind EuropeAvenue de la Renaissance 1
1000 Brussels, Belgium
www.airbornewindeurope.org
Stefanie ThomsMembership, Network, General Inquiries
+49 173 6027136
Estado Actual y Oportunidades para Airborne Wind Energy en España
Gonzalo Sánchez-Arriaga*
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
*Presentación preparada con información recibida del Trineo del Viento y someAWE
Índice
1] Proyectos activos relacionados con AWE en España
1.1] El Trineo del Viento.
1.2] Máquina rotatoria (someAwe S.L.)
1.3] Actividades en la UC3M
2] Posibilidades de desarrollo en España.
Ignacio OficialdeguiWINSLED Technical Director
AWEC 2021
WINDSLED: Alternative model to conventional logistics in Polar
Regions based on AWE
3
ANTÁRCTICA: EXPLORACIÓN DE UN CONTINENTE SIN VIDA EN LA TIERRA 4WINDSLED: WINDSLED: Alternative model to conventional logist ics in Polar Regions based on AWE4
25.000km carrying up to 2,2Tons of weight
ANTÁRCTICA: EXPLORACIÓN DE UN CONTINENTE SIN VIDA EN LA TIERRA 5WINDSLED: Alternative model to conventional logist ics in Polar Regions based on AWE
5
Más información en https://greenland.net/windsled/
someAWE labs S.L. Alicante, Spain
Some Airborne Wind Energy (AWE) laboratory focused on R&D of
rotational AWE systems
In cooperation with:
• University of Strathclyde [1]
• University of Freiburg [2]
• Universidad Carlos III de Madrid [3]
[1] C. Beaupoil, Practical experiences with a torsion based rigid blade rotary airborne wind energy system with ground based power generation, in 8th international Airborne Wind Energy
Conference (AWEC2019), R. Schmehl and O. Tulloch, Eds. Delft University of Technology and University of Strathclyde, 2019
[2] Rotation compensator based cyclic pitch control for Rotary Airborne Wind Energy Systems, C. Beaupoil, D. Unterweger, someAWE Labs S.L., University of Freiburg
[3] A Model for the Dynamic Simulation of Rotary Airborne Wind Energy Machines WESC2021 Alvaro Cerrillo-Vacas, Christof Beaupoil and Gonzalo Sánchez Arriaga
Contact: Dipl.-ing Christof Beaupoil [email protected] someAWE.org
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p8Hfj7L7d_w&t=236s
Hoja de ruta de la UC3M1 en AWE
1Actividades llevadas a cabo en colaboración con personal del INTA
Banco de ensayos en vuelo
Ver videos en: https://aero.uc3m.es/WindKites.html
Sistema de control
Ver videos en: https://aero.uc3m.es/WindKites.html
Dinámica y control Aerodinámica Numérica
Ver animaciones en: https://aero.uc3m.es/WindKites.html
Posibilidades de desarrollo en España
1] Aun estando por detrás de países comoHolanda, Alemania, Suiza, e Italia, España tiene3 actividades singulares y con gran potencial.
2] Colaboración estable universidad-industriaen AWE -> desarrollo en corto tiempo de unprototipo de máquina de generación en tierra.
3] Margen amplio de mejora en el retorno delos fondos europeos a España.
4] Experiencia de otros países: creación de 23empresas, 14 proveedores, creación de puestosde trabajo altamente cualificados y sinergíascon el sector aeroespacial, energía, etc.
Origen Cantidad
FP7/H2020 19.69 M€National/Regional 28.5 M€U.S. (SBIR, NFS, ARPAE) 12.49 M$
Estimación de financiación públicarecibida por tecnologías AWE.Fuente Prof. R. Schmehl
Gracias por su atención
Prof. G. Sánchez-Arriaga
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
Email: [email protected]
https://aero.uc3m.es/WindKites.html