INTRODUCTIONCourse Overview

Sea Power & Maritime Affairs

Today’s Objectives

Introductions Explain course structure Define course Set context for US naval history– Birth of navies– Evolution of technology, strategy & tactics– Important events in naval history• Antiquity to American Revolution

Who am I?

LT XXXX

[insert biographic info]

Who are you?

Name School Major Career aspirations Knowledge of naval

history (1=nothing, 10=expert)

Enjoyment of naval history (1=no at all, 10=my favorite topic)

What you hope to learn

Course Structure

From To DateMidterm American

RevolutionWorld War I

Final Post-World War I Today

Paper 1*

Paper 2*

*Proofreads due two weeks before paper due date

Grading

Graded Item PercentageParticipation 10%Paper I 10%Paper II 10%Class Presentations 10%Quizzes 15%Midterm 20%Final 25%

Grading

Exact number & above No rounding– i.e. 92.999=A-

A 93A- 89B+ 87B 83B- 79C+ 77C 74C- 69D+ 67D 64D- 59F <59

Dates

Rules

Uniforms Food & Drink Head policy Cell phones Laptops Sleeping Unexcused absences Late assignments

Books1. Hagan, Kenneth J. and Michael T. McMaster, eds. In Peace

and War: Interpretations of American Naval History. 30th Anniversary ed. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2008.

2. Symonds, Craig L. The Naval Institute Historical Atlas of the U.S. Navy. Annapolis, MD: The Naval Institute, 2001.

www.navalseapower.com

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Syllabus1 Introduction 12 The American Revolution, 1775-1783: Competing Naval Strategies 3 The U.S. Navy in the Napoleonic Era, 1783-1815 4 The U.S. Navy, 1815-1860: Power Projection and Technological Revolution 5 The Civil War, 1861-1865: Two American Navies 6 Developments of Naval Technology and Strategy, 1865-1890 7 The Dawning of the Age of Mahan, 1890-1898 8 The U.S. Navy and American Imperialism, 1898-1914 9 The U.S. Navy and World War I, 1914-1918 10 U.S. Naval Strategy and National Policy, 1919-1941 11 World War II: The U.S. Navy in North Africa, the Mediterranean, and the Atlantic, 1941-1945 12 World War II: The U.S. Navy in the Pacific, 1941-1945 13 The U.S. Navy in the Early Cold War, 1945-1953 14 The U.S. Navy in the Strategy of Containment, 1953-1963 15 The U.S. Navy, Vietnam and Limited War, 1964-1975 16 The Era of Retrenchment: Presidents Ford and Carter, 1974-1980 17 The U.S. Navy from the Maritime Strategy to “9/11,” 1981-2001 18 The U.S. Navy since 2001

Questions?

Insert video

Why learn US maritime history?

Why learn US maritime history?

1. Professional Core Competencies (PCCs)A. Know the significant events of U.S. naval history.B. Comprehend the historical evolution of sea power and its

effects on world history.C. Know the fundamental national interests of the U.S. and

potential adversaries.D. Know the effect the evolution of third world countries and the

development of international terrorist movements have had on the interests, policies, and strategies of the U.S.

2. Heritage3. “Those who forget history are doomed

to repeat it.”

Why learn US maritime history?

4. Perspective on today’s international tensions.• 3/4 of planet is covered by water• 90% of worlds commerce travels by sea• Majority of population lives by oceans

8 Key Themes

Reference Handout

Theme #1

Navy as an instrument of foreign policy

Century ThemeAll Command of the sea

Power projection

19th Commercial ExpansionShowing the Flag

20th Making world safe for democracy21st Fighting terrorism

Theme #2

Interaction between Congress and Navy– Funding is critical from beginning– Congressional attitudes toward size and

composition of fleet

Theme #3

Interservice relations– Historic cooperation• Navy and USMC

– Historic rivalries• Navy – Army – Air Force• USMC-Army

– General reluctance to cooperate–Modern push toward “Jointness”

Theme #4

Technology– Categories: • hull, armor, ordnance, propulsion, smart

weapons

– Alternate categories: • surface, subsurface, air, space,

communications, SIGINT

– Relationship between technology, strategy, and tactics

Theme #5

Leadership– Combat leaders– Strategists– Administrators– Training & Education–What makes a leader great?

Theme #6

Strategy & Tactics– Strategy• Formation of military objectives to achieve

goals of national policy• Guerre de Course, Guerre de Escadre, Mahan, Island

Hopping, etc.

– Tactics• Techniques for using weapons and units in

combat in pursuit of strategic objectives• “The Line,” ramming, “wolf-pack”, dive-bombing, etc.

– Interaction between strategy, tactics, and other themes

Theme #7

Evolution of US Naval Doctrine– Guerre de course– Alfred Thayer Mahan– Sir Julian Corbett–Modern doctrine• Limited war• Military Ops Other Than War (MOOTW)• Anti-terrorism• Smart war

Theme #8

Future missions of Navy and USMC– Continuing threats: Russia, China

– “Rogue state” threats: North Korea, Iran

– Third-world nations: Africa, Southeast Asia

– Nation-building: Middle East

– Humanitarian Assistance: Caribbean, Southeast Asia, Africa

Definitions

Reference

Definitions

Strategy– Formulation of military objectives to

achieve the goals of national policy.

Tactics– Techniques for using weapons and units in

combat in pursuit of strategic objectives

Examples?

Definitions

Guerre de Escadre– “Battles between fleets.” Naval battles

between combatant ships or fleets.

Guerre de Course– “War of the chase.” Attacking enemy’s

merchant shipping to disrupt enemy logistics on the seas.

Examples?

Definitions

Piracy– Act of robbery or criminal violence at sea.

Privateer – A ship authorized by government to

attack and capture enemy vessels.

Examples?

Definitions

Letters of Marque and Reprisal– An official commission granted by a

government to a private individual, to take the property of a foreign state, or of the citizens or subjects of such state.

Commerce Raiding–War against enemy commerce. Includes

raiding committed by privateers or naval warships.

Examples?

Definitions

Power Projection– The capacity of a state to intimidate other

nations by means of force in an areas distant from its own territory.

Showing the Flag– Ship identifying itself by flag to establish

an authoritative presence or exert diplomatic or political influence.

Examples?

Definitions

Preventative War–War initiated to prevent another party

from attacking, when an attack by that party is not imminent or known to be planned. Strike to keep enemy weak.

Pre-emptive War– War initiated to repel or defeat an

offensive or invasion that is perceived to be imminent. Strike before enemy can.Examples?

Definitions

Deterrence– Strategy where a state uses threat of

reprisal to preclude an attack from an adversary.

Military Operations Other Than War (MOOW)– Focus on deterring war, resolving conflict,

promoting peace, and supporting civil authorities in response to domestic crises.

Examples?

Definitions

Guerilla Warfare– Irregular warfare in which a small group of

combatants use ambushes, sabotage, raids, hit-and-runs, etc. to fight a larger and less-mobile traditional army.

Unconventional Warfare – Activities conducted to enable a resistance

movement to coerce, disrupt or overthrow an occupying power or government by operating through or with an underground, auxiliary and guerrilla force in a denied area.Examples?

Definitions

Limited War– A conflict in which the belligerents

participating in the war do not expend all of each of the participants’ available resources.

Non-Linear Warfare– “Multi-linear Warfare.” Combat operations

without the traditional lines drawn on the map, such as the forward line of own troops.

Examples?

Definitions

Amphibious Warfare– Offensive military operation using naval

ships to project ground and air power onto enemy shore.

Littoral Warfare– Operations in and around the shore line.

Examples?

Definitions

Force Composition– The makeup of a nation’s military force

(i.e. number and types of ships).

Capital Ship–Most powerful or important ship in a navy.

Generally possess heaviest firepower.

Examples?

“Navy” = Naval Service(Navy + Marine Corps)

Oh by the way

Review

Class administration Core Competencies 8 Key Themes Definitions

Next Class

[quizzes? Reading assignment? etc)]